剑桥商务英语口语复习资料资料.ppt

Part 2 A Mini-Presentation 2人组6分钟 一分钟准备,可以做笔记 B陈述一分钟,A就他的话题提一个问题 A陈述一分钟,B就他的话题提一个问题 2 candidates 6minutes Now, in this part of the test, Im going to give each of you a choice of three different topics. Id like you to select one of the topics and give a short presentation on it for about a minute. You will have a minute to prepare this and you can make notes if you want. After you have finished your talk, your partner will ask you a question. All right? Here are your topics. Please dont write anything in the booklet. (hand each candidate a Part 2 booklet (open at appropriate task) and a pencil and paper for notes) As Topics A: what is important when? Choosing a sports team to sponsor Type of sport success of team B: what is important when? Working with a new boss Making a good impression understanding their management style C: what is important ? Evaluating competitors products Conducting customer research monitoring prices Bs Topics A: what is important when? Selecting a retail sales assistant Previous experience Appearance B: what is important when? Contacting clients by telephone Calling at the right time Listening carefully C: what is important ? Managing change Clear objectives Communication Notes ! l三选一，选择自己觉得简单，最熟悉，最有 把握的一个 l题目下面两点是供你参考的，其实这已足够 讲满一分钟，不需要自己有另外的看法 l但如果已给出的某点有生单词或觉得不好展 开，可以用自己熟悉易讲的另外一点代替 B First ! Now, B, which topic have you chosen, A, B, or C? Would you like to talk about what you think is important when (interlocutor states candidates chosen topic)? A, please listen carefully to Bs talk, and then ask him/her a question about it. Thank you. Now, A, please ask B a question about his/her talk. A next! Now, A, which topic have you chosen, A, B, or C? Would you like to talk about what you think is important when (interlocutor states candidates chosen topic)? B, please listen carefully to As talk and then ask him/her a question about it. Thank you. Now, B, please ask A a question about his/her talk. Thank you. Can I have the booklets please? (Retrieve Part 2 booklets, pencils and paper.) Notes ! lB先讲A后讲，建议坐A的位置，就是考官的左 手边。 l拿到试题册不要翻页,浪费时间 l草稿纸是空白答题卡的背面,不要翻看 l考官问你选定哪一题时，只要给出A，B或C， 不要自己读题，因为考官按要求必须读题。 l笔记要记在草稿纸上,不能在试题册上乱写 lA和B的题目是不一样的，不要不听别人的演 讲就直接问自己题目相关的问题！ Notes ！ l讲足一分钟，不多也不少。 l计时严格，不要丝毫犹豫。 l内容上至少两点，适当展开即可。 l结构完整，开头观点，中间两点，最后结论。 l注意衔接过渡。 l注意语法，尽量避免错误。 1分钟的准备阶段 l选题。 尽快决定，选择最简单的。 l提纲。 其实完全可以利用已知的两点，重点想如何展开每一 点就行，把关键词记下来，方便记忆。 l简单笔记,不要重复试题册上已给出的内容,重点展 开两小点,只记关键词,用自己熟悉能辩的字符,缩 写来代替完整的句子和单词 无 敌 提 纲 lOpening sentence:_ lConcluding sentence:_ Main points *_ _*_ _ Supporting ideas *_ *_ _ 找到适合自己框架 When there are three important factors we should take into account. In my opinion, the most significant factor is +原因 和例子； Secondly, I believe that also plays an important role. +原因/例子 Last but not least/in addition, we cant overlook the importance of as well. 原因/例子 I think that just covered everything. 无敌问题 lCan you give me an example of lWhat else do you think is important besides what you just mentioned ? lDont you think is also worth considering? lDont you think is important too? lCan you explain further about l确定对方所所选话题，A, B, or C?考官读他选题时 候要留意听清楚，what is important when关键。 l如果题目没有听清楚，可以看她所选题目卡上小黑 点后的关键词。 l回答简单明了即可 l问题没有听清楚可以让对方重复 l如果对方问题跟自己话题不相干,可以直接 指出来,Im sorry but your question is not related to my topic. 开始谈话 Opening lWhen it comes to doing sth. , and are undoubtedly/surely/absolutely/definitely the most important/essential/critical/significant. I have the following reasons: 1) 2) 3) lE.g. when it comes to selecting a conference centre, advanced facilities and convenient location are undoubtedly/definitely the most important. lWhen doing , different people have different choices/opinions/stands/preferences. Some people say/like/choose/prefer , but, as far as Im concerned, and are the priorities. lE.g. when renting office equipment, different people have different choices/preferences. Some people consider credit and quality first, but as far as I am concerned, the cost and service contract are the priorities. l is an indispensible part in the business field. To make it a great success/to do it well, we need to attach great importance to the following aspects. lE.g. Attending business conferences is an indispensible part in the business field. To make our attendance worthwhile, we need to attach great importance to the following two aspects. lWhen a lot of factors/things/elements/details/issues/points should be taken into consideration/account/the plan/, among which and . should stand out above all else/other things. lE.g. When setting appropriate wage levels, a lot of factors should be taken into consideration, among which labour supply and company finances naturally stand out above all other things. lIf you ask me what is important when doing , the first two things/points/ideas/words that cross my mind are and . lE.g. if you ask me what is important when negotiating a contract with a customer, the first two things that cross my mind are customer needs and available budget. lIn my humble/personal opinion, and play a very important/indespensible/key/dicesive/vital role in the process of lE.g. in my humble opinion, new technology and staffing levels play a very important role in the process of aiming to reduce administration costs. lIn order to, and should be first considered. lE.g. In order to select a good conference centre, facilities and location should be first considered. l and are definitely very crucial when. lE.g. facilities and location are definitely very crucial when selecting a good conference centre. Notes 开门见山，一定把观点表达出来。 言简意赅，预言概括性强，一句最多两句就足够。 最好背熟一些句子，可以随时灵活套用。 最好做到语法词汇完全正确，留下好的第一印象。 中间部分 Body Main points (*) Supporting ideas( ) *_ _ _ *_ _ _ l每一点都要具体展开，可用两三句话进一步解 释阐明，或给一个简单例子 l点与点之间要有逻辑联系，通常是并列或是递 进关系，要用好连接词，或过渡句。 常用的展开方法 1.如果就会. e.g. what is important when aiming to improve a product: customer feedback If we have customer feedback, we can easily find out what they like and dislike about our present product, so that we can keep what they like and improve what they dislike. 2. 如果不，就会。 e.g. what is important when aiming to improve a product: customer feedback If there is no customer feedback, it will be hard for us to find out the existing problems with our product and the kind of things customers want/need/expect/welcom , thus making further improvement difficult. 3. 具体给出一个例子，很成功，就是因为 e.g. what is important when deciding whether to change a product image: market research As far as I know, many companies conducted market research before they decided to change their product images, such as Coca Cola company, and Oil of Olay. They studied carefully about the target consumers tastes, the social fashion trends, and other companies products images and then made the changes. They are successful changes, of course, bringing them more customers and profits. 4.不成功，就是因为没有。 e.g. what is important when writing a job application: supplying contact information A friend of mine failed a major chance to work in a big company at a very promising position, simply because he was so careless that he forgot to include his personal contact information in the job application. He was very competitive among the appliers but he then realized that there was no way for the company to contact him. 5. 如果就会，如果不，就会 lWhen choosing people to work in teams, specialty is the first thing to consider. If his or her specialty is exactly what the team or project needs, the possibility of success will be much bigger. Otherwise, he or she cannot contribute a lot to the team work. 6. 具体给出一个例子，很成功，就是因为 ，不成功，就是因为没有。 When choosing a sports team to sponsor, the type of sport should be first considered. The World Cup football games always attract lots of sponsors such as Kodak, and Coca cola, because football is the most exciting game in the world. on the opposite, Taichi has few because it is less participated and loved. 7. 解释说明，进一步阐述为什么，because, the reason is that, that is because, e.g. what is important when selecting staff for sales positions: appearance. Appearance is not the most important, but it does play an essential part in the sales achievement. That is because if the person looks attractive, neat, reliable and trustworthy, communication will be more possible and customers are more likely to buy things from sb they feel good about. 8. 简单表达自己的想法，定义自己的理解，比如 什么是热情好客，什么叫合理安排自己时间 e.g. what is important when welcoming a client from another country: hospitality. When welcoming a client from another country, hospitality should be the first thing that we should display. By hospitality, I mean the way we talk, the way we behave should let the client feel that our welcome is not fake, its not a job duty, its real and sincere, from the bottom of our hearts. e.g. what is important when aiming to improve personal efficiency: time management. Time management is another equally important factor we should consider when aiming to improve personal efficiency. A good time manager sets plans for important tasks. He or she knows exactly what should be done first and what should be done next; he or she understands what are important and what are not. 结尾部分 Closing lAll in all, andare of great importance when . lE.g. All in all, communication skills and appearance are of great importance when selecting staff for sales postions. lAnyway, andare essential when Only after we , can we . lE.g. Anyway, market research and cost o change are essential when deciding whether to change a product image. Only after we conduct a full market research and corretly estimate the cost of change can we make a wise decision whether the change should be done or not. lTo sum up, should be put at the first place when lE.g. To sum up, clear goals and time management sould be put at the first place when aiming to improve personal efficiency. lThese are the three factors that I find very essential when 。 lE.g. The above mentioned hospitality and tour of company are the two factors that I find very essential when welcoming a client from another country. lIn a word, you must consider all these factors if you want to 。 lE.g. In a word, you must consider setting a clear goal and managing your time well if you want to improve your personal efficiency. lFinally, let me restate my opinion that when, we need to pay special attention to and . lE.g. Finally, let me restate my opinion that when aiming to improve personal efficiency, we need to pay special attention to clear goals and time management. l结尾一句话就够。 l可以把两点用两个单词或词组表达出来，再 次强调。 l也可以用：如果这样做，就会， 或只有 重视这两点，才会。 l也可以简单的I think thats my point. Thank you! 可能用得着的表达方式 （1）发表观点 las far as Im concerned, lin my opinion/eyes/mind, lfrom my point of view, las for /to me., lwhen it comes to , lit seems to me that, lI am of the opinion that , lI suppose/I think, laccording to Obama/, las regards to , lconcerning , lin regard to, lin relation to, lregarding to, lwith regard to, lwith respect to, lMy points are as follows: , lI have the following consideration. lI have the following points. lThere are 3 things to consider. lI think we need to consider 2 aspects. lThere are 4 points I want to say. （2）有条不紊 lIn the first place, . In the second place, . In the third place, . lTo begin with, . Moreover, . Finally, lFor one thing, . For another, . lFirstly, . Secondly, . Thirdly, . lThe first . The second . The third lFirst of all in the second place last but not the least lOn one hand, on the other hand, （3）因果关系 lbecause, then, therefore, hence, so, accordingly, since, consequently, thus las a result, due to, because of, for the reason, owing to, thanks to, now that, result in, contribute to, lead to, on account of (the fact that ) （4）比较关系 similarly, likewise, equally important, in comparison with, unlike, whereas, while, still, otherwise, instead, at the same time, in the same way, the same as , compared to/with, similar to, on the contrary, on the other hand, in/by contrast, differ from, different from, in contrast to, and yet, but yet conversely, even so, not only but also （5）转折关系 but, yet, however, unless, instead, unlike, though, although, despite, nevertheless, otherwise, after all, as a matter of fact, different from, in spite of, on the contrary, on (the) one hand, on the other hand, except for, in contrast, even so/though （6）表示列举 namely, for example/instance, take for example, such as, for one thing, for another, on one hand, on the other hand, to illustrate, to give another example, a case in point, that is （7）表示解释 that is ， that means , it means that , what I mean is that , let me put it in this way, when I said , I meant, in other words, （8）结束话题 therefore, finally, accordingly, so, consequently, thus, hence, briefly, above all, as a result, in short, in a word, in brief, to be brief, in conclusion, as a result, in general, on the whole, all in all, in all, by and large, generally speaking, in summary, to conclude, to sum up, to summarize Example what is important ? when exhibiting at a trade fair lstaff selected lenough written information If you ask me what is important when exhibiting at a trade fair, the first two things that cross my mind are the staff selected and the amount of written information for vistors. 开门见山，言简意赅，一句话包含两个点，无语 法错误，用词高级。 To select appropriate staff for the exhibition stand is essential, because at that moment, the staff represents the whole companys image. The good-looking, polite, sharp, and eloquent staff represents the positive image of your company, while the lazy, rude, dull, silent staff indicates your companys incompetency. 要点1-原因1-如果，就， 如果， 就.有中心句，有进一步说明，还有详细例 子，。 Furthermore, the company should provide enough written information for visitors. Thats simply because the written information about your company and your products will attract visitors interest and provide them some basic information. If the written information is impressively clear and suffient, it can turn vistors into your future customers or business partners. If its poorly organized and full of mistakes, it ruins the company image and the good chance of self- promotion. 递进关系，有连接词，有要点，有原因，有细化例子 So I think the staff selected and enough written information are the two most important things we shoud never neglect when exhibiting at a trade fair. 一句话总结，言简意赅，重申观点，首尾呼应。 整个讲话结构完整，逻辑性强，有自然过渡，内 容明确，论证充分，句子结构并不简单，用词 高级。 怎样填充时间？怎样把简单句变得复？ 名词前面加形容词或定语，动词前面或后面加副词，形 容词前面加副词，加各种从句，加补足语，加状语， 加同位语，。 基本句子结构上加各种修饰成分，把信息细化。 A friend of mine failed a major chance to work in a big company at a very promising position, simply because he was so careless that he forgot to include his personal contact information in the job application. Practice makes perfect! lThe eyes lThe voice lExpression lAppearance What is important when selecting staff (for promotion)? Experience Academic certificates What is important when considering a career change? -financial rewards -further study or training -opportunities for future promotion What is important when motivating employees? -training opportunities -career development opportunities -bonus What is important when selecting a retail sales assistant? lPrevious experience lAppearance What is important when contacting clients by telephone? lCalling at the right time lListening carefully See you next time! Part 3 Collaborative task & discussion 2人组5分钟，3人组7分钟 1.讨论题目，做出决定。（2人组讨论2小问题并 解决它们， 3人组讨论3个问题并解决这些问题 ，2人组约3分钟，3人组约4分钟） 2.回答一两个相关问题。（老师可能问一个问题 ，也可能问两个问题，老师可能只问其中一个 考生问题，也可能问所有考生一个问题，2人组 约1.5分钟，3人组约2分钟） 评分标准 l内容-切题，完整（要完成的两点或三点 都讨论过并做出了结论）。 l交际功能-沟通充分，起始过渡和结尾自 然。 l语言-流利，准确，易懂。 Now, in this part of the test, you are going to discuss something together. (Hold the Part 3 booklet open at the task while giving the instructions below.) You will have 30 seconds to read this task carefully, and then about 3 /4 minutes to discuss and decide about it together. You should give reasons for your decisions and opinions. You dont need to write anything. Is that clear? (Place the booklet open at task 22 in front of the candidates so they can both see it.) 真题再现 Recruiting Temporary Staff The company you work for is about to inform consumers about a fault with one of its products. It is expected that there will be a lot of enquiries. You have been asked for your ideas on recruiting staff to deal with these questions. Discuss the situation together and decide: l What kind of people need to be recruited. l What kind of training they will need. l l What kind of service should they provide.(3What kind of service should they provide.(3人组备用）人组备用） 30 seconds later: Im just going to listen and then ask you to stop after about three minutes. Please speak so that we can hear you 3 minutes later Can I have the booklet, please? (select one or more of the following questions as appropriate, to redress any imbalance between candidates in part 3, or to extend the discussion.) Back-up questions What do you think is the best way of recruiting temporary staff? Why? Do you think faulty products will damage a companys reputation? Why or why not? Which would you prefer, a replacement for a faulty product or your money back? How do you think customers should be informed about faulty products? Why? lDo you think its useful to make recordings of telephone conversations between staff and customers? Why or why not? lDo you think product quality will become more important in the future? Why or why not? Thank you. That is the end of the test. Notes ! l所有考生共用一本试题册，要确保大家都能看见题 目（尤其是三人组）考生相互交流，不要看老师， 看同伴。 l考前熟悉题型和老师指令，到时不需要听老师的指 令，可以节约时间用来看题。 l看题时候，要有选择性，看标题，看情景，看问题 ，固定的套话就不用看了。 l如果题目还没看完老师就让开始了，不要继续看， 先读题，讨论第一个论题，等稍后再看第二点， oh, we als need to discuss低头看题。 Notes ! l不要冷场，瞎说也比不说好，把时间填满。 l内容不够语言凑： 用比较长的句子，