中考英语句子种类复习试题.rtf

陈述句、感叹句、疑 陈述句、感叹句、疑 问句、祈使句问句、祈使句 A A 陈述句陈述句 以陈述事实或观点的句子叫做陈述句。陈述句有肯定 以陈述事实或观点的句子叫做陈述句。陈述句有肯定 结构和否定结构。结构和否定结构。 1.1.肯定结构：主语肯定结构：主语+ +谓语谓语+ +其他 如其他 如: : Tom is a middle school student.Tom is a middle school student.汤姆是一名汤姆是一名 中学生。中学生。 2.2.否定结构否定结构: :主语主语+ +构成谓语动词的助动词构成谓语动词的助动词+not+not+其他 其他 如：如： She cant swim She cant swim 她不会游泳。她不会游泳。 有些否定句可以用表示全部或部分否定的词，如 有些否定句可以用表示全部或部分否定的词，如 n n ever,hardly,nothing,ever,hardly,nothing, seldom,few,littleseldom,few,little等。如：等。如： She has never been abroad She has never been abroad 。 她从未出过国。 她从未出过国。 B B 疑问句疑问句 用来提问的句子是疑问句。 用来提问的句子是疑问句。 疑问具有四种：一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问 疑问具有四种：一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问 句，反意疑问句，句，反意疑问句， 1.1.一般疑问句一般疑问句 一般疑问句以 一般疑问句以bebe动词、助动词，情态动词开头，用动词、助动词，情态动词开头，用 yesyes或或nono回答、 如：回答、 如： Do you often travel during holidays? Do you often travel during holidays? 你你 假日里经常旅游吗假日里经常旅游吗? ? No,l dont have enough money . No,l dont have enough money . 不，我没不，我没 有足够的钱。有足够的钱。 2.2.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句以疑问开头。疑问词包括疑问代词 特殊疑问句以疑问开头。疑问词包括疑问代词 和疑问副词。回答要依照实际情况、和疑问副词。回答要依照实际情况、 如 如:How did you get here ? By bus :How did you get here ? By bus 。 你怎么到这儿的 你怎么到这儿的? ?坐公共汽车来的。坐公共汽车来的。 3.3.选择疑问句选择疑问句 选择疑问句由 选择疑问句由bebe动词，助动词，情态动词或疑动词，助动词，情态动词或疑 问词开头，并提供俩种以上情况供选择问词开头，并提供俩种以上情况供选择 如： 如：Will you leave or stay tonight ? I will Will you leave or stay tonight ? I will stay here.stay here. 你今晚是去还是留 你今晚是去还是留? ?我留下。我留下。 4.4.反意疑问句反意疑问句 反意疑问句用来提问以证实自己的想法或看法。反意 反意疑问句用来提问以证实自己的想法或看法。反意 疑问句通常又一个陈述句和一个简 短的疑问疑问句通常又一个陈述句和一个简 短的疑问 句构成句构成, ,中间以逗号隔开。如果陈述句部分是肯定句，疑问句部分就需中间以逗号隔开。如果陈述句部分是肯定句，疑问句部分就需 要用否定句来提问如果陈述句部分是否定句，那么疑问句部分就必须要用否定句来提问如果陈述句部分是否定句，那么疑问句部分就必须 用肯定句来提问。可以概括为 “前肯后否”， 和“前否后肯”用肯定句来提问。可以概括为 “前肯后否”， 和“前否后肯” 如： 如：You dont like math,do you ?You dont like math,do you ?你不喜欢数学是你不喜欢数学是 吗吗? ? You like math , dont you ? You like math , dont you ? 你喜欢数学 不是你喜欢数学 不是 吗吗? ? 前后句的谓语动词要呼应， 前后句的谓语动词要呼应， 如果句中出现全部或部分否定词，如 如果句中出现全部或部分否定词，如never,hardnever,hard ly,nothing,ly,nothing, seldom,few,littleseldom,few,little等，将其视为否定句，疑等，将其视为否定句，疑 问部分用肯定形式提问。问部分用肯定形式提问。 如： 如：He has few friends,does he ?He has few friends,does he ?他几乎没有他几乎没有 朋友。是吗朋友。是吗? ? 如果是 如果是there be there be 句式，疑问句要变为 句式，疑问句要变为 be therbe ther e.e.如如: : There is a bus station near here , isThere is a bus station near here , is nt there?nt there? 这附近有个公车站 这附近有个公车站, ,对吗对吗? ? 陈述句主语是 陈述句主语是everyoneeveryone，nothingnothing等作主语时，疑等作主语时，疑 问句部分用问句部分用itit代替。代替。 如 如;Everyone is ready, isnt it? ;Everyone is ready, isnt it? 一切一切 都已就绪，不是吗都已就绪，不是吗? ? 陈述句部分用 陈述句部分用everything , everyone , someoneeverything , everyone , someone , anybody , anybody , anyone , nobody , no one ,anyone , nobody , no one ,等不定代词作等不定代词作 主语时，疑问句部分常用主语时，疑问句部分常用they,they, 有时也用 有时也用he .he .如如: Everyone knows it, dont the: Everyone knows it, dont the y / doesnt believe he ?y / doesnt believe he ? 大家都知道。对吗 大家都知道。对吗? ? 陈述句部分如果包含宾语从句，疑问句部分的 陈述句部分如果包含宾语从句，疑问句部分的 谓语动词常和主语的谓语动词一致。谓语动词常和主语的谓语动词一致。 担当陈述句部分是 担当陈述句部分是I dont think. ,I dont belI dont think. ,I dont bel ieve.ieve.等时，疑问句部分的谓语动 词和从句谓语保持一致。如等时，疑问句部分的谓语动 词和从句谓语保持一致。如:Yo:Yo u said it was going to rain ,didnt you ?u said it was going to rain ,didnt you ? 你说过会下雨 你说过会下雨, ,是吧是吧? ? l dont think he can spell the word ,cal dont think he can spell the word ,ca n he ?n he ? 我认为他不会拼这个单词，是吗 我认为他不会拼这个单词，是吗? ? C C 祈使句祈使句 用以表示请求 用以表示请求, ,命令，劝告，建议等的句子叫做祈命令，劝告，建议等的句子叫做祈 使句。使句。 1. 1. 祈使句的结构与陈述句一样，但主语常省略祈使句的结构与陈述句一样，但主语常省略。 祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用。祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用。 2.2.祈使句的主语常为第二人称祈使句的主语常为第二人称you you 。 3.3.祈使句有肯定和否定俩种形式。祈使句有肯定和否定俩种形式。 肯定式 肯定式 用动词原形开头。如： 用动词原形开头。如：Open the window, pleasOpen the window, pleas e. e. 请把窗子打开。请把窗子打开。 有些标语常用祈使句。如： 有些标语常用祈使句。如：Be quiet . Be quiet . 肃静。肃静。 否定式 否定式 由 由dont+dont+动词原形构成。如：动词原形构成。如：Dont close the Dont close the door ,please.door ,please.请别关门请别关门 4.4.以以letlet开始的祈使句：开始的祈使句：let sb do sth let sb do sth 让某人做某让某人做某 事。如事。如: : lets begin our plan .lets begin our plan .让我们开始我们的计让我们开始我们的计 划吧。划吧。 D D 感叹句感叹句 以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫做感叹句。 以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫做感叹句。 感叹句的构成方法 感叹句的构成方法: : 1 . 1 . 陈述句，疑问句只要改变原来的音调即可构成感叹句陈述句，疑问句只要改变原来的音调即可构成感叹句。 如：如： The house is on fire!The house is on fire!房子着火了！房子着火了！ 2 . 2 . 对名词表示感叹：对名词表示感叹：What + What + 名词 名词 + + 主语 主语 + + 谓语 ！如谓语 ！如： What a lovely girl she is ! What a lovely girl she is ! 她是一个多么可爱的女她是一个多么可爱的女 孩啊！孩啊！ What big trees they are ! What big trees they are ! 多么大的树啊！多么大的树啊！ What clen water ! What clen water ! 多清的水啊！多清的水啊！ 3. 3. 对形容词侯副词表示感叹：对形容词侯副词表示感叹：How + How + 形容词或副词 形容词或副词 + + 主主 语 语 + + 谓语！如：谓语！如： How blue the sky is ! How blue the sky is ! 天空多蓝啊！天空多蓝啊！ 单项选择单项选择 1.The sea looks beautiful ,_it?1.The sea looks beautiful ,_it? A is B does C isnt A is B does C isnt D doesntD doesnt 2.He hardly hurt himself in the accident,_2.He hardly hurt himself in the accident,_？ A doesnt B didnt he C did he A doesnt B didnt he C did he D does heD does he 3.She has never been to Japan ,_?3.She has never been to Japan ,_? A hasnt B has she C doesnt she A hasnt B has she C doesnt she D does she D does she 4. Lets go to the cinema after school,_?4. Lets go to the cinema after school,_? A shant we B shall we C will you A shant we B shall we C will you D Wont you D Wont you 5.They have to work alone,_?5.They have to work alone,_? A have they B do they C dont they A have they B do they C dont they D havent theyD havent they 6._lovely day it is !6._lovely day it is ! A What a B What C How a A What a B What C How a D HowD How 7._useful work they have done 7._useful work they have done ！ A What B How C What an A What B How C What an D How an D How an 8._bad the weather is today !8._bad the weather is today ! A What B How C What a A What B How C What a D How aD How a 9. _the music sounds !9. _the music sounds ! A What B How C What a A What B How C What a D How aD How a 10. I have lost a chance to win the match ._10. I have lost a chance to win the match ._ A Well done! B Good luck ! C What a pity A Well done! B Good luck ! C What a pity ! ! D Congratulations D Congratulations！ 11.Arent you a student ?11.Arent you a student ? -I study in NO, 10 Middle School.-I study in NO, 10 Middle School. A No I am B Yes Im not C No Im notA No I am B Yes Im not C No Im not D Yes I amD Yes I am 12.The Changjiang River isnt the longest river in 12.The Changjiang River isnt the longest river in China ,is it ?China ,is it ? A Yes it is B No it isnt C No it is A Yes it is B No it isnt C No it is D Yes it isntD Yes it isnt 13. _me the truth , or I am not going to leave th13. _me the truth , or I am not going to leave th e room.e room. A Telling B To tell C If you dA Telling B To tell C If you d ont tell D Tellont tell D Tell 14. _!The traffic is moving fast ! Thanks,I wil14. _!The traffic is moving fast ! Thanks,I wil l.l. A Stop B Look out C Watch A Stop B Look out C Watch D Dont moveD Dont move 15._is the population of China ?15._is the population of China ? A How much B How many C How long A How much B How many C How long D What D What 16 . I dont think the girl is right, _?16 . I dont think the girl is right, _? A do I B is she C isnt she A do I B is she C isnt she D does she D does she 17. Your sister was cooking when you got home ,_17. Your sister was cooking when you got home ,_ _?_? A was she B is she Cwasnt she A was she B is she Cwasnt she Disnt she Disnt she 18 . _Mrs. Smith is!18 . _Mrs. Smith is! A How kind woman B What a kind woman C What kinA How kind woman B What a kind woman C What kin d woman D How a kind womand woman D How a kind woman 19. Your brother has washed all the clothes by him19. Your brother has washed all the clothes by him self,_?self,_? A is he B does he C doesnt D hasnt heA is he B does he C doesnt D hasnt he 20 . _its blowing!20 . _its blowing! A What strong B How strong C How strongly D WhaA What strong B How strong C How strongly D Wha t stronglyt strongly 21. Could you tell me _youve been here ?Since la21. Could you tell me _youve been here ?Since la st year .st year . A how far B how often C how soon D how long A how far B how often C how soon D how long 22.You havent been to Beijing,_?But I want to go t22.You havent been to Beijing,_?But I want to go t here this summer.here this summer. A do you B are you C have you D did you A do you B are you C have you D did you 23 _? The one behind the tree.23 _? The one behind the tree. A Whose girl B Whos that gial C Which girl D WhA Whose girl B Whos that gial C Which girl D Wh eres the girleres the girl 24 There is some soup on the table, isnt _?24 There is some soup on the table, isnt _? No , I think thats water.No , I think thats water. A there B it C that D oneA there B it C that D one 25 An earthquake hit Indonesia yesterday._terri25 An earthquake hit Indonesia yesterday._terri ble news!ble news! A How a B What a C How D What A How a B What a C How D What 26 He s flown to Qingdao for summer holiday ,_he ?26 He s flown to Qingdao for summer holiday ,_he ? A isnt