新概念第二册课文和翻译.docx

新概念英语第二册课文及翻译Lesson 1 A private conversation私人谈话Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat.The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it.A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily(状语). They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. I cant hear a word! I said angrily.Its none of your business, the young man said rudely. This is a private conversation!. 上星期我去看戏。我的座位很好，戏很有意思，但我却无法欣赏。一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后，大声地说着话。我非常生气，因为我听不见演员在说什么。我回过头去怒视着那一男一女，他们却毫不理会。最后，我忍不住了，又一次回过头去，生气地说：“我一个字也听不见了！”“不关你的事，”那男的毫不客气地说，“这是私人间的谈话！”【NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS】生词和短语private adj.私人的its my private letter/house ；美式英语private school:私立学校 英式英语：公学 ETON (private school) privacy：隐私 its a privacy. adj.Private Ryan private soldier：大兵private life：私生Letter n. 首字母public：公众的，公开的public school ； public letter 公开信 ；public place :公共场所conversationn.谈话 uni verse转动 uniformUni-bi-tri-quar-pent-sex/hex-sept-oct-nov-decBilateral trade 双边贸易 triangle quarter pentagon sex古罗马历法 10个月-12凯撒大帝 julis-July 七月屋大维 augusto-August 八月September九月(原七月）-septwolvesOctober 十月（原八月）-octopusNovember December- decade subject of conversation：话题 辨析： conversation, dialogue, talk, chat这些名词均含“交谈”之意。 conversation： 一般用词， 指两个或更多人互相交换意见的交谈。 talk： 通用词， 可与conversation换用， 但当talk用作复数时指正式交谈。如six-party talks 六方会谈 / phone talks 电话会谈 / peace talks 和谈（和平谈判）。dialogue： 指“对话”， 多指剧中的对白。chat： 指熟人之间非常随便的交谈， 强调谈话的亲密和非正式性。theatre n.剧场，戏剧cinema:电影院seatn.座位have a good seat(place) take a seat : 座下来，就座take your seat/take a seatIs the seat taken?这个座位有人吗？no/yessit down ,pleaseseattake your seat,pleasebe seated,please 更为礼貌seat是及物动词，后面有宾语sit是不及物动词，后面不加宾语seat后面会加人; seat sb;seat him;seat sb.:让某人就座he is sitting there. you seat him;语法精粹When all those present(到场者)_D_ he began his lecture.A.sit B.setC.seated D.were seatedplay n.戏loudly adv. 大声的angryadj. 生气的cross=angry ;I was angry.He was cross.annoyed: 恼火的;I was annoyed. I was angry/cross.I was very angry.be blue in the face; I am blue in the face.angrilyadv. 生气的副词修饰动词attentionn. 注意Attention ,please. 请注意pay attention :注意pay attention to : 对什么注意You must pay attention to that girl.pay a little attention :稍加注意pay much attention :多加注意pay more attention :更多注意pay no attention :不用注意 pay close attention 密切关注链接 1） draw/catch/arrest/attract ones attention 吸引某人注意力2） turn ones attention to .把注意力转向 3） focus/fix ones attention on 集中注意力于 4） distract/divert attention from. 分散注意bear(bore,borne)v. 容忍I cant bear/stand youendure :忍受,容忍 endurable put up with :忍受I got divorced.I could not put up with himsuffer:遭受,忍受 (精神或肉体上)+痛苦I suffer the headache. Suffer from He often suffers defeat.bear/stand/endure=put up with忍受的极限在加大bear n.熊white bearbear hug :热情(热烈)的拥抱 give sb a bear hugBusinessn. 事Business man :生意人 business card /name card 名片do Business: 做生意 Harvard business college on Business:出差I went to Tianjin on Business.thing可以指事情,也可以指东西Its my Business 私人事情=Its none of your Business= None of your Businessrudelyadv. 无礼地，粗鲁地rude adj.【课文讲解】Last weekgo to the theatresee a film,go to the cinemago to the +地点表示去某地干嘛go to the doctors 去看病go to the dairy去牛奶店go to the + 人 + s 表示去这个人开的店go to the butchers 买肉go to school: 去上学go to church: 去做礼拜go to hospital(医院):去看病go to the Great Wallgo home; 跟Home相连一定表示没有事情可做,回家休息I am at Homeenjoy, enjoy oneself:玩的开心 have a passion for 热爱enjoy+sth :喜欢,从当中得到一种享受I like something very much./I love something.I enjoy the class.I enjoy the music.I enjoy the book.enjoy the dinner/film/program/gamewere sitting :当时正座在过去进行时态 :过去的某个时间正在发生的动作一个故事的背景往往用进行时态描述I+be+v(ing)The girl was reading a book in the garden.A boy came to her.The girl is reading a book in the garden.got :变得,表示一种变化,got angryI am/was angry 是一个事实I got angry:强调变化过程It is hot.It got hot.got取代be动词,got是一个半联系动词,可以直接加形容词说话的时候喜欢用缩略.Im not,he isnt,they arent写的时候会说:I am not,he is not,they are notI didnt do sth,I did not do sthhear:听见hear+人:听见某人的话I could not hear you.Beg your pardon?I couldnt hear you./I couldnt hear a word./I couldnt catch your word.I couldnt hear you clearly./I couldnt catch your words.Beg your pardon? /I couldnt catch your words.turn round:转头I could not bear it./you./the noise.I cant hear a word.hear a word, a word 等于一句话May I speak to Jim?/May I have a word with Jim?写作当中的第一步从完整句子开始写起sitting behindbehind:在.后面in front of :在.前面 (相对静止的概念)before : 在.前面 (+词、句子、一定和时间相连)above: 在.上面ahead of:在.前面 (+时间、位置)(动态的行为)He arrived before six oclock.Before he came backAhead of timeHe goes ahead of me.any用在否定句和疑问句中some用在肯定句中none没有任何东西、没有任何人None knows./None of us knows.not any=nonot否定词,要放在非实义动词后面He didnt pay attentionno形容词、修饰名词I dont have any friends./I have no friends.I have no time./I dont have any time.【KEY STUCTURES】 关键句型Word order in simple statements: 简单陈述句的语序陈述句一定是有主语,有动词,有宾语,有句号612 3 4 5 6when? Who?ActionWho?How?Where?When?Which?Which?What? What?-主语一般有名词或代词构成 you can use the smartphone. The girl （sitting over there )gives me an apple. who is sitting over there 定语 修饰 的非谓语动词 （ 现在分词ing，过去分词ed，动词不定式 to do） sitting over there =who is sitting over there 简短Me 间接宾语 apple 直接宾语2 -谓语由动词充当3 -宾语4 -副词或介词短语,对方式或状态提问,往往做状语 I like her very much5 -地点状语6 -时间状语可以放在句首或句末I like the girl very much in Beijing last year.简单陈述句一定不能少的是主语 主语动词宾语状语状语: 放在最前面是副词,方式状语,表示状态/程度的状语,下面是地点,然后是时间1.主语和动词不能少2.如果时间和地点连在一起,先放地点,再放时间如果问何时何地,是一个固定搭配when and where练习：排列句子The little boy; an apple; this morning; ate greedily; in the Kitchen.The little boy ate an apple greedily in the Kitchen this morning.排列句子 game; played; yesterday; in their room; the children; quietlyThe children played game quietly in their room yesterday.Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?早餐还是午餐？ It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunch time.Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside.What a day! I thought. Its raining again. Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. Ive just arrived by train, she said. Im coming to see you. But Im still having breakfast, I said.What are you doing? she asked. Im having breakfast, I repeated.Dear me, she said. Do you always get up so late? Its one oclock! 那是个星期天，而在星期天我是从来不早起的，有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候。上个星期天，我起得很晚。我望望窗外，外面一片昏暗。“鬼天气！”我想，“又下雨了。”正在这时，电话铃响了。是我姑母露西打来的。“我刚下火车，”她说，“我这就来看你。”“但我还在吃早饭，”我说。“你在干什么？”她问道。“我正在吃早饭，”我又说了一遍。“天啊，”她说，“你总是起得这么晚吗？现在已经1点钟了！”until1.prep. 到为止， 在以前 I stayed up until four oclock trying to get my assignment done. （用作介词， 引出时间状语） 我熬夜到四点以完成功课。非谓语动词：现在分词 ing 过去分词 ed 动词不定式 to do汉语 重 意合 英语 重 形合后面加(时间状语)从句,前面就是主句1) His father didnt die until he came back. (肯定)直到他回来,他爸爸才死。2) His father was alive until he came back.(否定)直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的。conj. 到为止， 在以前， 直到才Nothing is learned until you can use it. （该句中是用作连词，因为它后面跟的是句子）outsideadv. 外面 作状语He is waiting for me outside. Inside adv.It is cold outside.ring(rang.rung)v.(铃、电话等)响 (刺耳的)The telephone(door bell) is ringing.给某人打电话 : ring sb.Tomorrow Ill ring you.打电话(名) : give sb. a ringremember to ring me/remember to give me a ringring a bell 提醒， 使想起 （听力必备词汇） Does this name ring a bell? 这个名字是否让你想起点什么？ n. 环状物 ，圆圈 , 戒指The kids sat in a ring around the teacher. 孩子们围坐在老师周围。The Lord of the Rings 指环王 landlord n.地主aunt n.姑,姨,婶,舅妈uncle:叔叔 sibling n.兄弟姐妹cousin: 堂兄妹 offspring n. descendant n.nephew: 外甥niece:外甥女Vi. 不及物 Vt.及物动词Would you mind repeating your question please? 你能重复一遍你的问题吗？ History always repeats itself. 历史总在重演。Anyone can make a mistake, but only a fool repeats it. 人人皆犯错， 只有傻瓜一犯再犯。repeat + that She repeated that she had no interest in this field. 她一再说她对这个领域不感兴趣。 n. repetition His second book is full of repetition. 他的第二 本书有许多重复之处。 adj. repeated repeated mistakes 老出的错 / warnings 不停的警告 adv. repeatedly He visited her family repeatedly, begging her to marry him. 他一再地拜访她家，求她嫁给他。1. What a day! 感叹句， 用来表示说话人的喜怒哀乐， 一般用感叹词how或what引导， how修饰形容词或副词， what修饰的中心词是名词。 What引导的感叹句基本结构： Whata/an形容词可数名词 （单数） 主语谓语! （主谓可省） What a beautiful day （it is） ! What形容词可数名词复数 （或不可数名词） 主语谓语！ What cute puppies （these are） ! What lovely weather （it is） ! How引导的感叹句基本结构是： How形容词/副词主语谓语 How terrifying the experience is! 2. Its raining again. “下雨了！” 有多种表达法。如： Its drizzling. （毛毛雨） Its raining cats and dogs. （大雨瓢泼） I will be there for you, rain or shine! （风雨无阻） 3. “Ive just arrived by train,” she said. “I m coming to see you.” 交通方式= by + 具体交通工具 derail by train / bus / bike / ship / plane / light rail / subway / MRT （mass rapid transit） minibus /motorbike / moped （助动车）等等， 除了on foot。Lesson 3 Please send me a card请给我寄一张明信片Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words ofItalian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send any cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card! 明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。去年夏天，我去了意大利。我参观了博物馆，还去了公园。一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语，之后还借给我一本书。我读了几行，但一个字也不懂。我每天都想着明信片的事。假期过得真快，可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。到了最后一天，我作出了一项重大决定。我早早起了床，买来了37张明信片。我在房间里关了整整一天。然而竟连一张明信片也没写成！Word Study1.spoil vt.(spoiled or spoilt)1). ruin 破坏，糟蹋，使不如意The rain spoiled the picnic. 下雨了，野炊泡汤了。Too much oil spoils the soup. 油太重了会坏了汤的味道。几种破坏：打破玻璃用break;damage:破坏，但是程度不一定很重;destroy：破坏，彻底摧毁;以上三个是指物理上的破坏，而spoil主要指精神上2). 娇惯，宠爱The child is badly spoiled. 那孩子给惯坏了。3). 食物变坏，变质Meat spoils easily in summer. 夏天，肉容易臭。4). 谚语Spare the rod and spoil the child.省了棍子惯坏了孩子/不打不成材5). spoilerspoil-sport 扫兴的人 Don t be such a spoil-sport !别这麽扫人兴!2.public 公共的，公众的这个词我们在第一课见过了，基本用法和private一起记。下面再说两点：1）public house简称pub：酒吧 bar2）in public:公开的; in private:私下里的3.friendly adj. Lovelyfriendly adj.友好的以-ly结尾是形容词，同样的还有lovelyfriendly单独用，一般做宾语来用作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好，用短语in a friendly way1). 亲切的，和蔼的，友好的A doctor should be a friendly person.医生应该亲切。friendly nations 友邦a friendly smile 亲切的微笑a friendly match 友谊赛2). 有利的，有益的a friendly rain 及时雨a friendly warning 忠告3).be on friendly terms with sb.与某人关系融洽This company is on friendly terms with clients.这家公司与客户的关系很好。4). friendmake friends with 与某人交朋友A friend in need is a friend indeed. Adj.真正的患难朋友才是真正的朋友。5). friendship 友谊4.lendlend color to 使某件事情显得可信The success of the experiment lends color to his theory.实验的成功使他的理论更可信。lend an ear to 耐心而同情地听We should lend an ear to those international refugees.我们应该耐心听听国际难民的遭遇。lend name to 参与某事He never lends his name to violence.他从不参与暴力活动。lend a (helping)hand to 资助，帮助The merciful boss lends a helping hand to the village with a school. Mercy 那位好心的老板资助这个村庄建学校。5.decision做出决定做某事make /reach/come to / a decision to do sthdecide to do sthmake up ones mind to do sthbe determined to do sth determination n.Success goes to the determined.=where there is a will,there is a way.7. wholeadj.整个的on the whole 整体说来The plan is successful on the whole.整体来说，这个计划是成功的。as a whole 总体来说The book is worth reading as a whole.总的来说，这本书值得一读。the whole truth 全部真相wholehearted 全心全意的，全神贯注的wholeheartedlywholeness 完整性 wholesale 批发all of后面如果加代词，代词前面不需要修饰词，一旦要加名词，前面一定要加theall of us;all of the students8.singlea single bed 单人床 a double bed 双人床a single parent 单亲 biological parent 亲生父母 adoptive/foster parent养父母the single life 独身生活 a married life 婚姻生活a single ticket 单程票 a round trip ticket 往返票9.wordhave a word with sb 和某人说几句话have words with sb 与某人争吵写作：in other words 换句话说word for word 一字一句地，原原本本地Can I have a word with you ?我能和你说几句话吗？Tony had words with his wife last night.Tony 昨天晚上和妻子吵架了。In other words, you cant live without communicating.换句话说，你活着就得交流。She told me the whole story word for word.她把事情一五一十地告诉了我。Keep the word =keep a promise 信守诺言Break a promise10.line n. v.line up 排队outline 轮廓，纲要，概述underline 下划线 v.read between lines 读懂言外之意be online 在线be offline 离线Fans lined up for the signature from the super star.追星族排队等候大明星的签名。The architect drew an outline of the building.建筑师画出了大楼的轮廓。He outlined his theory in a few words.他用几句话概括了他的理论。When it comes to poet, we always need to read between lines.说到诗，很多情况下我们不能只从字面上理解。11.thinkthink about/of 考虑，思考，think of还可指 想到What do you think of the weather today?冷：cold,chilly(凛冽)，freeze:Ill freeze.(冻僵)think over:仔细考虑think out 仔细考虑，想出办法think sth through 全面地考虑问题think-tank 智囊团，专家小组panelthinkable 可以想象的，可以想见的-unthinkable 不可想象的thinker 思想家,statesman,educator,poet12.send v.寄寄信：send a letter用法：send sth to sb/send sb sth类似的用法还有give,take,pass,read,sell.send/take children to school区别：take：强调某人亲自送;send则是通过第三人去送，如美国的校车本课重点：双宾语双宾语指直接宾语(表示动作结果)和间接宾语(表示动作目标)如在give sb sth中，sb是间接宾语，sth是直接宾语间接宾语在后面时，其前必须加to give sth to sb.(对而做，翻译为“给”)或for(为而做，翻译为“替”)可以翻译为“给”，“替”，“为”的，就用for;如果只能翻译为“给”就以用togive a book to me;I buy a book for you.总结：用for的词：buy,order,make,findDo me a favor please.=Do a favor for me.Exercise1.He paid some money to the shop-keeper.2.The writer brought the man a bottle of beer.宾语补足语museum n.博物馆英语词源故事museum（博物馆）：文艺女神缪斯 缪斯（Muses）是希腊神话中主管科学和文艺的女神们的总称，共九位。由于缪斯女神主管文艺，所以在古代西方，人们往往将杰出的艺术作品放在缪斯女神的神庙中，这就是博物馆（museum）的起源。它由muse（缪斯）和表示“场所”的后缀-um，本意就是“缪斯的神庙”。同样，英语单词music（音乐）原本是muse的形容词，本意是“缪斯的（艺术）”，mosaic（马赛克、镶嵌艺术）的本意是“work of the Muses”（缪斯的作品），以前都是供奉给缪斯女神的。Muse： mjuz n. 司文艺、音乐、美术的女神缪斯museum：mjuzmn.博物馆music：mjuzkn.音乐，乐曲mosaic：m()zekn.马赛克，镶嵌，镶嵌图案那么多博物馆一定要记住我们的Palace Museum(故宫)14.性别词缀-ess “女的，女性的，雌性的”waiter waitress 女服务员只出现在餐馆里actor actress 女演员prince princess 公主lion lioness 母狮子领班：chief waiter商店里的店员：shop assistant其他公共场所的服务员:attendant15.语言不可数，所以要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian16.last summer里的last表示“上一个”the last day里的last表示“最后一个”，表示“最后一个”时要加冠词the，这时前面要加介词17.spend+时间+地点eg:I spent three hours in the sea.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)I spend my weekend at my mothers.I spend three hours in the classroom everyday.Lesson 4 An exciting trip激动人心的旅行I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting. 我刚刚收到弟弟蒂姆的来信，他正在澳大利亚。他在那儿已经住了6个月了。蒂姆是个工程师，正在一家大公司工作，并且已经去过澳大利亚的不少地方了。他刚买了一辆澳大利亚小汽车，现在去了澳大利亚中部的小镇艾利斯斯普林斯。他不久还将到达达尔文去，从那里，他再飞往珀斯。我弟弟以前从未出过国，因此，他觉得这次旅行非常激动人心。New words and expressions1.exciting adj.令人兴奋的v.excite 激动-adj.excited ,excitingexcite, surprise, satisfy, frighten 等动词的词义中含有“使”的意思 .它们的共同点就是都可以通过在后面分别加 -ing和-ed构成形容词，其中-ing词尾的形容词 用来表示所说明的物体或人给人的感觉，可以理 解成“令人的”；而以-ed结尾的形容词则用来表示“感到的”，通常用来说明人的情绪。 excite 使兴奋 surprise 使吃惊 Satisfy 使满意 frighten 使害怕 an exciting speech 激动人心的讲话 an excited person （感到）兴奋的人 surprising news 令人吃惊的消息 a surprised child （感到）吃惊的孩子 interesting:令人感到有趣的;interested：感到有意思的动词的宾语一定是人，让后面的人感到eg:The news excited me. The book interested me.2. receive v.接受，收到I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.同位语：一个名词（或短语等）与另一个名词（或短语）并列而作为其说明或限定成分时称为同位语。同位语与它所补充说明的成分之间用逗号隔开。在译成汉语时，同位语或者插入主句中，或者另译为一句，很少像英语中那样用逗号隔开。This is John, one of my best friends. 这位是约翰。他是我最好的朋友之一。Mrs. Smith, my neighbor, has never been abroad. 我的邻居史密斯夫人从来没有出过国。3个接受： receive 收到（不一定接受）客观的收到 accept 接受（肯定收到） 主观上乐意 receive(与have通用)： receive/have a letter from sbeg:This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didnt accept it.take:接受，与前两词无可比性，只需记住两个搭配：take the exam;take advice adopt advice衍生词： elevator n.电梯 elevate v.receiver 接收器，接受者 receipt 收条，收据 reception 服务台 receptionist 接待员 receptive 接受得快的 adj.He is receptive to new ideas concept。 他很容易接受新思维。 received 被普遍接受的 adj.a received theory 得到广泛认可的理论 反义词：decline, refuse, reject ,deny, turn down, 句型：收到来信 receive a letter from=hear from I am looking forward to hearing from you.给写信 write to sb=write a letter to sb=drop sb a line 3. firm n.商行，会计行，事务所，公司等同于company1）n.公司,企业 company , enterprise, corporation 2）adj.结实的，坚硬的 firm muscles结实的肌肉 firm soil 坚硬的土壤 3）adj.坚定的，不容易改变的 firm belief坚定的信仰 firm evidence 可靠的证据 firm refusal 严词拒绝 4）adv. firmly a firmly handshakeThe knob was fixed on the door firmly. 把门把牢牢地安装在门上。4.abroad adv.在国外注意是个副词，直接和动词连用，不需要介词go abroad 去国外 ab