耳鼻咽喉外伤_2课件

耳鼻咽喉科常见外伤 (Trauma to ENT) Nose:：fracture of nasal bone, cerebrospinal rhinorrhea Throat: Blunt trauma of larynx, open injury Ear: traumatic perforation of ear drum, fracture of temporal bone Trachea and esophagus: burn, caustic injury Neck: Open or closed wounds 鼻骨骨折 （Fracture of the nasal bone) l Applied anatomy Clinical features lDeformity of external nose lSwelling lPain and tenderness lNosebleed lCo-existed nasal septum trauma Diagnosis lClinical diagnosis lX-ray diagnosis Treatment lManipulation needed only in case of cosmetic deformity 喉挫伤 (contusion of the larynx) lConcept: Blunt injury lEtiology: external violence from front lCo-existed trauma of the other organs in neck Applied anatomy Clinical features lSore throat lHoarseness/dysphonia lBleeding/hemoptysis lDyspnea/laryngeal obstruction ldysphagia Examination lPE：Swelling, subcutaneous emphysema, l tenderness, deformity of laryngeal l cartilages lLaryngoscopy lX-ray/CT Treatment lTracheotomy lOpen replacement of laryngeal cartilage and repair of mucosal tears lStent lABCs 外伤性鼓膜穿孔 (traumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane) lConcept lEtiology： l direct trauma l Explosion l iatrogenic l Anatomy Anatomy Clinical features lHearing loss lOtalgia lBleeding (rare) lTinnitus/vertigo lOtoscopy lAudiometry Treatment lAvoid irrigation lAvoid ear drops lAvoid water into t