北京市西城区2015初三一模英语(解析版)

北京市西城区 2015 初三一模英语参考答案 2015.4 听力理解 (共 30 分) 一、听对话，从下面各题所给的 A、B、C 三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的 图片。每段对话你将听两遍。 (共 5 分，每小题 1 分) 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的 A、B、C 三 个选项中选择最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 (共 15 分，每小题 1.5 分) 请听一段对话，完成第 6 至第 7 小题。 6. Whats the matter with the man? A. Hes got a cold. B. Hes lost his umbrella. C. Hes had an accident. 7. What was the weather like yesterday afternoon? A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Rainy. 请听一段对话，完成第 8 至第 9 小题。 8. Whats Helen going to do on Friday evening? A. To visit her neighbours. B. To go out with her friend. C. To have a birthday party. 9. Whats the woman going to take with her? A. A bottle of wine. B. Some food and drinks. C. Some flowers. 请听一段独白，完成第 10 至第 11 小题。 10. What can we learn about the man? A. He learnt cooking from his mother. B. He is taking a cooking lesson. C. He works in a restaurant. 11. What makes the woman get bored now? A. Cooking at home. B. Eating take-out food. C. Being busy with her work. 请听一段独白，完成第 12 至第 13 小题。 12. What is the woman doing now? A. Putting paper cuts on the window. 3 B. Teaching how to make paper cuts. C. Drawing some pictures for paper cuts. 13. How did the woman get her paper cut? A. She bought it at a local market. B. She got it from an old lady. C. She made it all by herself. 请听一段独白，完成第 14 至第 15 小题。 14. Why cant the speaker go to work today? A. Her son is ill. B. She isnt feeling well. C. She has to go to her sons school. 15. What does the speaker ask Raman to do? A. To get in touch with the trainer. B. To book a room on the third floor. C. To order lunch for ten people. 三、听对话，根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语，记录关键信息。对话你将听 两遍。 (共 10 分，每小题 2 分) Table Reservation (预订) Name: Kate _ (16) Telephone Number: _ (17) Table: a table by the _ (18) Time: about 7:00 pm on _ (19) Order: two bottles of _ (20) wine 知识运用 (共 25 分) 四、单项填空 (共 10 分，每小题 1 分) 从下面各题所给的 A、B 、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 21. Where is Mike? Have you seen _? A he B. him C. his D. himself 【正确答案】B 【解题思路】本题考查人称代词（宾格） ，空格出现在动词后，所以我们得知 本空应该选取人称代词的宾格形式，选项 A 为主格，错误。选项 B 为宾格， 正确。选项 C 后面应该加名词，错误。选项 D 意思不通，错误。所以答案为 B。 22. Lily _ many English novels since she went to the middle school. A. read B. reads C. has read D. is reading 【正确答案】: C 【解题思路】: 本题考查动词时态（现在完成时） ，时态题首先寻找特殊的时间 标志词，本题中的 since 就是突破点，since 后面用的一般过去式，所以前面应 该选用现在完成时（have/has done） ，所以答案为 C。 23. Betty is _ than any other girl in her class. A. as tall B. taller C. tall D. the tallest 【正确答案】: B 【解题思路】: 本题考查形容词比较级，本题中 than 一词，告知我们本题应该 选取形容词的比较级。而 tall 的比较级为 taller，选项 A 。as tall 错误，选项 C 为形容词原级，错误。选项 D 为最高级，错误。所以答案为 B。 24. - Where were you when I called you yesterday afternoon? - I _ in the cinema. A. was seeing a movie B. see a movie C. have seen a movie D. will see a movie 【正确答案】: A 【解题思路】: 本题考查动词时态（过去进行时） ，时态题首先寻找特殊的时间 标志词，本题中的时间标志词不明显，从而我们应该寻找题目中已知动词。从 were 和 called 我们知道，本题的时态应该为过去的某种时态，所以排除选项 5 B 和 D，根据句子翻译答案为 A。 25. Well have a meeting at Hilton Hotel _ May, 2015. A. on B. in C. at D. from 【正确答案】: B 【解题思路】: 本题考查时间介词，根据我们常规解题方法，题目中出现了月 份，所以在月份前面应该加介词 in。所以答案为 B。 26. Hurry up, _ youll miss the train. A. but B. so C. and D. or 【正确答案】: D 【解题思路】: 本题考查连词，连词题我们只需翻译即可，根据翻译 “快点儿， XX 你将错过火车。 ”可知，答案为 D， “否则”。 27. - What did you do last night? - I _ a report. A. write B. wrote C. will write D. have written 【正确答案】: B 【解题思路】: 本题考查动词时态（一般过去时） ，时态题首先寻找特殊的时间 标志词，本题时间标志词为 last night，所以时态应为一般过去时，答案为 B。 28. The teacher asked us _ something for our mothers on Mothers Day. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did 【正确答案】: B 【解题思路】: 本题考查非谓语（固定搭配） ，看到题目中的 “ask”便知，本题 考察 ask sb to do sth。所以答案为 B。 29. The 7th Womens Football World Cup _ soon in Canada. A. will be held B. will hold C. holds D. is held 【正确答案】: A 【解题思路】: 本题考查被动语态，被动语态在中考中考查两点，语态和时态。 “女足世界杯” 应该是 “被举办” 。所以排除 B 和 C。而通过题目中的 soon，可 知时态是一般将来时，所以答案为 A。 30. - Could you tell me _? - In a book store at the corner. A. where you bought this book B. where did you buy this book C. where you buy this book D. where do you buy this book 【正确答案】: A 【解题思路】: 本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句在中考中考查两点，语序和时态。 通过语序为陈述句我们排除了选项 B 和 D，通过第二个人说的话，我们知道这 本书已经卖完了，所以时态应该选择一般过去时，所以答案为 A。 五、完形填空 (共 15 分，每小题 1.5 分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个 选项中，选择最佳选项。 The hug The phone rang. It was Lisa, my 86-year-old friend, calling. Lisa was wondering if I could take her to Flint to see the _ (31). I promised her I could, so on the date of the appointment (预约) I drove over to her home to pick her up. Lisas eyesight was _ (32), so she wasnt able to drive her car anymore. However, she still kept her old white Cadillac and insisted that I drive it whenever we went anywhere. Lisas appointment went _ (33) and she was really satisfied with her doctor. Then, we were on our way to get a bite to eat. It was a cloudy day without any rain or snow, but the road was still busy. The _ (34) was stop and go as we were in an area by the market. We were at a _ (35) stop when someone hit us from behind. Lisa was very angry, and she even started to say some dirty words in a low voice. I could _ (36) this situation could get very bad. There really wasnt any reason why someone should rear end (追尾) the car so I wasnt sure what was going on when I pulled over. I was feeling a little _ (37) when I got out of the car. As I walked around the car a young 7 woman got out of the car with anger! I could see all the other doors on her car starting to open. For some unknown _ (38), I walked over to this young woman and put my arms around her and gave her a hug. When I gave her a hug all the other doors shut! Lisa got out and when she saw me hugging this girl she _ (39) down. I called the police and they came out and took a report. I really dont know what was actually going on that day. I do know that I just wanted to hug this girl in my mind and I believe it _ (40) us all from what could have been a very ugly scene. 31. A. eye doctor B. house cleaner C. music teacher D. office worker 【正确答案】A 【解题思路】考查名词短语。后文提到 Lisas eyesight was _, so she wasnt able to drive her car anymore. 由此可以推断出 Lisa 问作者是否能够带 她去看眼科医生。eye doctor 译为 “眼科医生 ”，为正确答案。其他选项： house cleaner， “清扫房子的人 ”；music teacher，译为 “音乐老师”；office worker，译为 “办公室工作人员”。 32. A. hurting B. falling C. changing D. improving 【正确答案】B 【解题思路】考查动词。so 表示因果关系，前句是 Lisa 的视力在_，所 以她不能再开车了。所以可以推测出 32 空选择消极意思的词汇，排除 changing，译为 “改变” ，排除 improving，译为 “提升”。hurting ，译为 “伤害”； failing，译为 “下降”。因主语是视力在_，所以选择 falling 与之匹配，为 最佳答案。而 hurting，眼睛可以受伤，但视力用受伤匹配不恰当。 33. A. badly B. well C. late D. quietly 【正确答案】B 【解题思路】考查副词。and 表示并列关系，后句是她很满意医生，感情色彩 积极，前句也表达一样的感情色彩，well 为最佳选项，译为 “好地”。其他选项： badly， “坏地、严重地”；late ， “晚地”；quietly ， “安静地”。 34. A. traffic B. crowd C. rain D. bus 【正确答案】A 【解题思路】考查名词。as we were in an area by the market，译为 “就像我 们在市场一样”，the road was still busy，译为 “道路仍然很拥堵 ”，由此两句话 可以推测出表示拥挤。stop and go 译为 “停停走走”，traffic 为最佳选项，译为 “交通情况” 。其他选项： crowd， “人群”；rain ， “雨” ；bus ， “公交车”。易错 选项 crowd 和 bus。后句中提到 I was feeling a little _ when I got out of the car.由此可以推断出，作者和 Lisa 在私家车上，crowd 和 bus 因此排除。 35. A. sudden B. slow C. complete D. quick 【正确答案】C 【解题思路】考查形容词。when someone hit us from behind，译为 “当某人 从后面撞击了我们时”，由此可以推断出，作者的车停了，对比前面 stop and go 走走停停，可以推测出此时是完全停了。 complete，译为 “完全的”。其他选 项：sudden， “突然”；slow， “慢慢的” ；quick ， “快速的”。 36. A. understand B. recognize C. show D. tell 【正确答案】D 【解题思路】考查动词。前句：Lisa 很生气，她甚至开始低声说脏话了。作者 能够_这个情况(指追尾和堵车)会变得很糟糕。tell，译为 “辨别出；保证”。 原本天气不佳，交通拥堵，车停停走走，导致情况不佳，再加上追尾事故，作 者认为情况会变得更加糟糕，由此选择 tell。其他选项：understand， “理解”； recognize， “认出、识别、承认”；show， “展现 ”。该题建议选择排除法，考 查的是 tell 的熟词僻意。 37. A. comfortable B. tired C. painful D. nervous 【正确答案】D 【解题思路】考查形容词。后句提到当作者在车周边走来走去的时候，一个年 轻女子生气地下车了。作者看到该女子车上的其他的门也打开了。可以推测出， 年轻女子很生气，车里的人也要下车。对方人多，作者有点紧张，nervous，译 为 “紧张的” 。其他选项： comfortable， “舒适的 ”；tired ， “疲惫的”； painful， “疼痛的 ”。 38. A. reason B. excuse C. purpose D. answer 9 【正确答案】A 【解题思路】考查名词。文中提及作者走向年轻女子，拥抱了她，作者这样的 举动是没有理由的。因为作者是被追尾的一方，本应该生气，但作者却拥抱了 肇事方，即该年轻女子。reason ，译为 “原因”。其他选项：excuse ， “借口”； purpose， “目的”；answer， “答案”。 39. A. looked B. cooled C. fell D. walked 【正确答案】B 【解题思路】考查动词。原本 Lisa 是生气的，但当 Lisa 看到作者拥抱了肇事 女子，Lisa 就平静了许多。cooled down，译为 “淡定”。其他选项：looked down， “向下看；看扁”；fell down， “摔倒”；walked down ， “向下走”。 40. A. separated B. taught C. benefited D. saved 【正确答案】D 【解题思路】考查动词。from 表示 “脱离、远离”，could have done 表示 “本 能做，而没有做”。本来追尾后双方争吵是很难看的情况，但 from 和 could have done 表示并没有发生类似的事情，所以选择 save，save sb. from sth.， 译为 “拯救某人免于做某事”。其他选项：separated， “分开”；taught， “教”； benefited， “收益”。 阅读理解 (共 50 分) 6、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A、B 、C、D 四个选 项中，选择最佳选项。 (共 30 分，每小题 2 分) A Fun Kids Activities Guide Stadium (体育馆) Tours Now you can take a trip to Wembley Stadium! Wembley Stadium is one of the most famous football stadiums in the world. You will get to look in the changing rooms, and visit the royal Time Tour Bus Time Tour Bus is a bus tour of London. You get one of the best buses ever! And the guide will tell you about all parts of London in the past, now and even the future! box (主席台). Where: West London Price: Adult: 16 Under 18: 9 Where: Central London Price: Adult: 20 Under 18: 14 Theatre Workshops If you love acting, you should go to Theatre Workshops. There you can learn more about acting and make friends. Every term youll work on shows according to your ideas. At the end of the term youll act them out! Where: 444 Camden Road, London Price: 100 per term Boat Tours You can now take a tour around Londons world-famous Olympic Park from the water! The boat leaves on the hour so just turn up and get on the boat! It runs all year between 12 pm-5 pm. Where: Stratford Waterfront Price: Adult: 8 Under 18: 4 41. If you want to take a bus tour of London, where will you go? A. West London. B. Central London. C. 444 Camden Road. D. Stratford Waterfront. 【正确答案】B 【解题思路】细节题。通过 “a bus tour of London” 定位到第二张图 “Time Tour Bus”，所以选 B。 42. If you like acting, which activity will you join in? A. Stadium Tours. B. Time Tour Bus. C. Theatre Workshops. D. Boat Tours. 【正确答案】C 【解题思路】细节题。通过 “acting” 定位到第三张图 “Theatre Workshops”第 一行 “If you love acting.”，所以选 C。 43. If a kid and his father take the boat tour, they need to pay _. A. 12 B. 20 C. 22 D. 24 【正确答案】A 【解题思路】细节题。通过 “take a boat tour” 定位到第四张图 “Boat Tours”。 成年人，8 英镑；小朋友，4 英镑，所以共计 12 英镑，所以选 A。 11 B I am a Kid Reporter, Linda Scott. I took part in the third yearly State of Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (SoSTEM) event on Wednesday January 21. Before SoSTEM started, I interviewed Charles Bolden. He was an astronaut (宇航员) and has been to space four times. “I enjoy watching young people take their ideas and turn them into reality,” he said. Next I spoke to Dr. Ellen Stofan. She spoke about her lifelong interest in science. “When I was in the middle school, I knew I wanted to be a scientist, but I wasnt sure what kind,” she told me. As she grew up, she became interested in space. Her advice to young people who want to become a scientist is to “follow your dreams”. My third interview was with Megan Smith. She talked about encouraging more girls to step into STEM fields. She told me that women have always been part of amazing scientific discoveries, even though sometimes history records have left women out. Finally, I interviewed Kathy Pham, who is working to improve health care for more Americans through IT services. I asked her advice for young people who want a career (职业) in computer science. She advised kids to join in groups working on science and technology and to read more books on the subject. After the interview, we had a free talk. When I asked which technology careers were going to be most in need in the next 10 years, Dr. Stofan noted that careers having something to do with energy sources (能源) are certainly going to be needed. My biggest take-away from the event was that the future holds many wonderful chances for people interested in STEM. Just as the computer scientist Kathy Pham said: “Whatever your love is whether its clothing, space or cars today you can find a STEM field where you can do something you like.” 44. How many people did Linda interview before SoSTEM started? A. There. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 【正确答案】B 【解题思路】本题属于细节题，题目问我们在 “SoSTEM”国家科学会议开始之 前，Linda 共采访了几个人。结合关键词 “interview”和时间状语 “before SoSTEM started”，我们只需按照段落顺序将被采访的人数出即可。被采访的 分别为：Charles Bolden、Dr. Ellen Stofan、Megan Smith、Kathy Pham。共 四人。因此答案为 B。 45. When Dr. Stofan was young, she wanted to become _. A. a reporter B. a teacher C. a scientist D. an astronaut 【正确答案】C 【解题思路】本题属于细节题。关键词为人名 “Dr. Stofan”和动词 “become”， 我们很轻松即可在第三段找到出处， “When I was in the middle school, I knew I wanted to be a scientist”。答案为 C。 46. Kathy Pham advised kids who want a career in computer science to _. A. talk with famous people B. write a scientific report C. read more books on the subject D. make scientific discoveries 【正确答案】C 【解题思路】本题属于细节题，题目问我们 Kathy Pham 建议那些向往从事计 算机科学的孩子们，要做哪些事。根据关键词：人名 “Kathy Pham”和动词 “advised”，我们轻松将出处定位至本文第五段的最后一句 “She advised kids to join in groups working on science and technology and to read more books on the subject.”因此，答案是 C。 47. What can we learn from the passage? 13 A. Charles Bolden has never been to space. B. Megan Smith encouraged boys to step into STEM fields. C. Linda Scott attended the event on January 25. D. There will be many chances for people interested in STEM. 【正确答案】D 【解题思路】本题属于细节推断题，我们需要将每个选项回归到原文当中定位， 并结合推断题的解题原则作答。A 选项， “Charles 从来没有去过太空”，定位 至本文第二段，可知他去过四次；B 选项， “Megan 鼓励男孩步入到 STEM 的 领域当中”，定位至本文第四段，实际上 Megan 鼓励的是女孩；C 选项， “Linda 于一月 25 日出席了活动”，定位至本文第一段，应为 1 月 21 日；D 选 项， “对于那些对 STEM 深感兴趣的人来说，前方会有很多机会 ”，定位至本文 第七段 “My biggest take-away from the event was that future holds many wonderful chances for people interested in STEM.”答案是 D。 C We all know that zebras have stripes (条纹). But why? Its hard to get a black-and-white answer. This is a question not just common people like us have asked, but scientists too. Several studies have been done to find out the reason behind the stripes and many theories (理论) have been suggested. According to a recent study, the type of stripes changes depending on the temperature where zebras live. The warmer the place is, the more stripes they may have. From this study, scientists believe that stripes may help to keep a zebra cool in warmer places. According to the cooler temperature theory, when air hits a zebra, the movements of air are stronger and faster over the black parts and slower over the white. This is because black color takes in more heat than white. So at the point where the black and white meet, there is cooling airflow. It can quickly cool a zebras skin! In fact, scientists have noticed that heavily striped zebras have 5.4F lower skin temperature than other animals without stripes in the same area. Some scientists believe that stripes may be an adaptation (适应) by zebras to defend (防卫) themselves from the horseflies that follow zebras. The cooler temperature theory holds merit here too, since disease-carrying flies like horseflies like it ht. Flies also dont like landing on striped surfaces. There also have been many other theories that have been suggested for why zebras have stripes. Some explanations are very common. One of them is that stripes may help zebras hide in grass especially from lions. Lions are color blind and even if they are not far assay they may see stripes as grey and be confused by them. Whats more, zebras are a large group of animals living together. When a number of zebras stand or move together, stripes may confuse lions into thinking it is one large animal. 48. Stripes are helpful for zebras to _. A. stay cool B. move together C. live in clod places D. fight against diseases 【正确答案】A 【解题思路】本题属于细节题，根据题目 stripe 和 helpful 回归原文，定位到第 二段最后一句话: scientists believe that stripes may help to keep a zebra cool in warmer places.”的 keep 对应 A 选项的 stay，所以选择 A。 49. How do zebras stripes protect them from lions? A. Lions may be frightened away by stripes. B. Lions may see stripes as many animals. C. Stripes can prevent zebras from being seen. D. stripes may make lions confused. 【正确答案】A 【解题思路】本题属于细节题，根据题目 stripe 和 helpful 回归原文，定位到第 二段最后一句话: scientists believe that stripes may help to keep a zebra cool 15 in warmer places.”的 keep 对应 A 选项的 stay，所以选择 A。 50. The underlined words “Holds merit” on Paragraph 4 probably mean “_”. A. works well B. sounds unreasonable C. causes disagreement D. needs supporting facts 【正确答案】A 【解题思路】本题属于猜词题，定位原文第四段，该段落前面提到斑马的条纹 可能是用来抵挡马蝇，而接下来又说了 cooler temperature theory holds merit here too, 该句后面 since disease-carrying flies like horseflies like it hot, 因为 携带疾病的苍蝇比如马蝇喜欢体温高的斑马，再结合刚刚上文提到的，斑马的 条纹可以为其降温，所以可知，低温理论也其一定的作用，用来解释为什么斑 马要有条纹，所以选择 A。 51. What is the passage mainly about? A. Why lions cant eat zebras. B. How horseflies keep away from zebras. C. Why zebras have stripes. D. How animals adapt to nature. 【正确答案】C 【解题思路】本题属于主旨大意题，对于说明文或议论文，一般文章开头部分 会文章的中心，并通常在转折词后出现，比如本文，文章第一句话， “我们都 知道斑马有条纹，但是为什么呢？”第二段开头 several studies have been done to find out the reason behind the stripes and many theories have been suggested, 科学家进行很多研究就寻找斑马有条纹的原因，以及后面的条纹能 让斑马保持低温和第 4、 5 段一系列理论和解释可知整篇文章在讲为什么斑马 身上有斑纹，所以选择 C。 D Entertainment (娱乐) is a developing business. Its popularity continues to grow as it keeps up with technology. More people are willing to pay for entertainment with their time and money. Sometimes entertainment is a form of escapism (逃避). It takes us away from our reality and gets us into another worldnot our own. Why do we want to escape? Boredom or loneliness: The boredom of daily life gets to us and we feel we need some excitement and a bit change. A TV running in the background, and maybe catching our attention every now and then, keeps us company. Fear and avoidance: We dont want to face something we fear, or cant bring ourselves to move past the fear and do something about it. Were scared to go for what we want, so we choose to turn on the TV. Struggle: Life sometimes feels like a battle traffic, work, taking care of ourselves and keeping up with whats going on. At the e