高考英语词汇手册精品整理

1新课标高考英语词汇手册 精品整理1. abilitythe ability to do the capability of doingbe (un)able to do be capable of sth/doing1 主语可以是物 2 可以加不好的事Cf. was able to do ( = managed to do = succeeded in doing sth)Couldenable sb. to do2. (ab)normal adj. n. above normal below normal return to normalCf. average adj. 平均的； 典型，有代表性的n. above/below average on (the) averageagainst an average of the average drivers common adj. 人人都有；到处可见 Its common to have a mobile phone now. 共同；共有 have in common; common interest ordinary adj. general adj. 总的 the general manager the general idea/outline 社会一般的 the general public general knowledgegeneral electiongenerally speakingin general VS in detailusual adj. universal adj. a universal truth/rulea universal language/universal peace/donortopics of universal interestn. the universe Cf. space3. aboard adv. prepgo aboard the ship.On board4. abroad adv. go/study abroad; from home and abroad5. absence n. ones absence from in the absence of = for lack ofabsent adj. be absent from VS be present atabsent-minded6. absorb vt. absorb light/water/heat/the training/what he says(sb.) be absorbed in sth/doing sth7. accept vt. Cf accept an invitation receive an invitationCf. be accepted by all2be well/coldly/poorly received by allCf. be accepted by a companybe admitted to/into a company(un)acceptable adj. be acceptable to sb. 8. access (u)n. the access to the village have (easy/no) access to the librarythe Internet access(in)accessible adj. be to9. accident n. Cf. accident eventincidentissueby accident = by chance = accidentally = unintentionallyon purpose = by intention = by design = purposefully = intentionally10.according to the chairman/reportaccording to the specific situationaccording to me (此表达法错，正确为 so/as far as I am concerned)11.account account for 1)占据 Girls account for 30% of the whole class.2)解释的原因 The student could not account for his absence.Give a detailed/full account of sthTake sth into account/considerationOn no account should we give up. We should not on any account give up.12.with great accuracyCf. accurateexactactual13.accuse sb. of sthcharge sb. with stharrest sb. for sth.blame sb. for sth. = blame sth. on sb. scold sb. for sth.criticize sb. for sth.14.accustomed adj. his accustomed seat/ an accustomed smilebe accustomed to sth./doing sth. = be used to sth./doing sth.get accustomed to sth./doing sth. = get used to sth./doing sth.15.ache n. have a bad headache/stomachachevi. = hurtI ache all over.My heart aches for you.My leg has been hurting/aching since yesterday.Cf. hurt (hurt, hurt)vt. hurt my leg/have my leg hurt/hurt my feelings3vi. My leg hurts.wound vt. a wounded solidern. = injuryinjure vt. injure his leg / injure his feelingsn. injurydamage vt. damage the table/chairsdamage ones health/eyesightn. do/cause damage toCf. damagesdestroy vt.spoil vt. Spare the rod, spoil the child.a spoilt childspoil his birthday party/the picnicCf. offend himharm vt. harm sb. harm ones eyesn. do harm to sb. = do sb. harm= be harmful to = be bad for16.achieve vt. achieve success/ fame/recognition/an effect 达到（较抽象）achieve a task/ones aim 完成achievement n. make achievements inaccomplish vt. accomplish a task/ones aim 完成accomplish something/nothing/wonders/whatever you do 做到（具体）fulfill vt. fulfill a promise/contrast 履行fulfill a task 完成fulfill ones needs/requirements = meet; satisfy 满足17.acquire vt. acquire sth. 获得 acquire a knowledge of French/a bad reputation 学得；养成gain vt .gain sth. gain/lose five minutes a dayobtain vt. obtain sth. obtain ones goalearn vt. earn sb. sth.win vt. win sth. win sb. sth. win over sb. 18. across the desert; shout across the room; run across the plainCome across19.act as act n. Cf. actbehaviouractiondeed20.actual adj. the actual price/ the actual cost/ his actual words/ in actual factCf. real real leather/silk4a real person in real lifetrue Its not true. She made up the story.true love/friends21.adapt v. adapt sth. to sth.adapt oneself to sth. = adapt to sth. adopt vt. adopt a childadopt a good attitude/the proposaladjust vt. adjust the focus/ the clockadjust oneself to sth. = adjust to sth.22.add v. add sth. to sth.add up A and Badd that 接着说add to sth. = increase sth. 增添了 add to our helplessness(sth) add up to 总和addition n. in addition to = besidesin addition = besides = furthermore = whats more23.address n. 注意词义vt. address the envelopeaddress the meeting/ a large audience24.admire vt. admire you/ admire your bravery /admire you for your braveryadmire the beautiful sunset = appreciate 25.admit vt. admit sb. to/into sp.admit doing sth. VS deny doing sth. Cf. permit vt. permit sth. permit doing sth. permit sb. to doallow vt. allow sth. allow doing sth. allow sb. to do advise doing advise sb. to dorecommend doing recommend sb. to do26.advance v. n. C/U make advances in = make progress inadvancement n. Uadvanced technology / advanced course27.take full advantage of = make full use of = make the most ofCf. make the best ofhave an advantage over sb. 28.adventure n. 冒险的活动Cf. venture n. 冒险的事业 Every venture has the possibility of making or losing money.Risk29.advertise the new car model in the newspaperadvertise for a job/roommate30.advise sb. on sth. suggest sth.advise sb. to do suggest ones doingadvise doing suggest (to sb.) that (should) doadvise that(should) do5give advice to sb. on sth. make a suggestion to sb. give tips to sb. on sth.31.affair (usu. pl.) foreign affairs/ political affairshousehold affairs/ a love affairCf. business do business with business hours on business or for pleasureIts none of your business.set up/start a businessmatter Its a matter of choice/of personal tastes/life and death.Is there anything the matter with you?32.affect vt . affect a childs growth (不良影响)be affected by the story = be moved/touched by the storybe affected by a disease = be infected with/by a disease = develop/catch/pick up/(carry) a diseaseCf. influence vt. influence a childs thought/opinionn. U have influence oneffect n. have an effect onachieve the intended effectcause and effectcreate a wonderful sound effect(sth.)take effect bring sth. into effecteffort n. make effort(s) to do without effort(s) in ones efforts to dospare no efforts to do through combined effortsimpact n. have an impact on33.afford vt. 买得起 afford sth. afford to do承受得起后果 A language learner cannot afford not to have a dictionary.34.afraid adj. be afraid to dobe afraid of doingCf. I am afraid of dogs.I fear dogs.Dogs frighten me.I am frightened at dogs.35. agree to doagree to my planagree with me/my words/what I saidHis words dont agree with his actions. 相符The food/weather here does not agree with me. 适合，适宜(All of them) agree on (a date)come to/reach/arrive at an agreementagreeable(= pleasant) people/weather36.ahead of me 在前面; 胜过ahead of time/schedule VS behind time ahead of ones time/the times VS behind the times 落后于时代37.aid n. a knowledge of first aid6hearing aids audio-visual aids teaching aidscome to/ go to ones aid/help/rescue/assistancewith the aid of = with the help ofaid v. = help; assist aid (sb.) with sth.aid sb. in doing 38. aim his gun at the target aim his words at meaim at sth. aim to do = aim at doing The advert aims at promoting good service. aim highachieve ones aim to do sth.39. alike(adv.) The boss treats us all alike. (=in the same way)(adj.) The two brothers look much alike. Cf. A looks like B. 40.Cf. alive the oldest man alive catch sb. alive keep sb. aliveliving the oldest living man the living and the dead a living languagelively a lively boy/lessonlive (adj.)a live broadcast/match experiment on live animals(adv.)be broadcast live41.all students/all the students/all of the studentsall of themin allall in allafter allabove allfirst of allall over(not) at all42.almost nobody/nothing/nonot nearly satisfactory = far from satisfactory/perfect/enoughalmost/nearly everybodyCf. almost/most/mostly43.alone adj. She is alone, but she is not lonely.adv. do it alone = do it on ones own = do it by oneselfMoney alone(光，仅仅) cant make me happy.lonely adj. She is lonely.a lonely girla lonely village = a remote/faraway village44. amaze vt. amuse vt. 45.have an ambition to do sthachieve/realize/fulfill ones ambition746.a large amount of; a great deal of + Uplenty of, a large quantity of; large quantities of + U/Cmasses of; a good many; a large number of + C47.in ancient times VS in modern timesthe ancients48.be angry with sb. at/about sth.49.announce vt. 公开宣布announce sth. ( announce their marriage) announce thatdeclare vt. (权威. 政府)宣布; 申报关税declare sth. (declare peace/war)declare sth/sb. (to be) + n./adj. (declare the meeting open)declare thatclaim vt. 要求获得权利 ;认领某物 claim sth. (claim the wallet/ claim the reward) 自称 claim to do ( 无 claim sb. to do) claim thatdemand vt. 需要 demand sth. ( demand great care/patience)= need sth.= call for sth. = require sth.(强烈) 要求 demand sth. ( demand an apology/ demand a reasonable explanation) demand to do (无 demand sb. to do)demand that(should) dorequire vt. 需要 require sth.= need sth. = demand sth. = call for sth.require doing = require to be done ( = want; need; deserve)(规定 ) 要求 require sb. to do(sb. ) be required to dorequire too much of sb. = ask too much of sb. = expect too much of sb. ( = beg sth. of sb.)require that(should) don. requirement meet/satisfy admission/entrance requirementsinquire vi. 咨询,询问inquire for sth. = ask for inquire about sth. = ask aboutinquire into the matterinquire after sb.n. inquiry make inquiries for/about/into/afterrequest vt. 请求 request sth. (from sb. )request sb. to dorequest that(should) don. make an request for sth.a pamphlet will be sent on/upon requestat ones request = at the request of sb. command vt. command the army / command silence 指挥command respect/ command a high price 博得8command a large vocabulary/ command English = mastercommand sb. to docommand that(should) don. have a good command of English = have a good mastery of English50. annoy vt. 惹恼 annoy sb. (with sth.) be annoyed by the poor bus servicedisturb vt. 打搅 disturb sb. (with sth.) Dont disturb.扰乱 disturb the smooth surface of the riverdisturb the balance of nature使心烦意乱 be disturbed by the newsdisturbance errupt vt. 打断 interrupt us (with sth.) interrupt our conversationbother vt . 打搅 bother sb. with sth.vi. 麻烦; 费心 Dont bother to do that.Dont bother about supper.He hasnt even bothered to write to his parents. 他甚至懒得写信给他爸妈51.answer vt. answer the question = reply to the questionanswer the telephone/doorbell/the appeal of the governmentanswer for 为。 。 。负责n. = reply52. be anxious for sth. = be eager for=be desperate forbe anxious about sth. = be worried about 53.anyhow = anyway adv. 无论如何Cf. somehow adv. 不知怎么的; 以某种方式somewhat adv. = a bit; a little54.apologize to sb. for sth.make an apology to sb. for sth.55.appeal vi.恳求;要求 appeal to sb. for sth./ appeal to sb. to do sth. = call on sb. to do = urge sb. to do诉诸 appeal to war/arms吸引 appeal to meappeal n. make an appeal for sth.56.Cf. sb. appear/seem/happen to be/to do There appear/seem/happen to beIt appear/seem/happen that Cf. sb. is said/reported/known/assumed/thought/believedto be/to doIt is said/reported/known/assumes/thought/believed thatAs is known, 57. have an appetite for sth. lose/stimulate ones appetite58. burst into applause warm applause join in the applause59. electrical appliances = electrical equipment household appliancesCf. appliance 器具 electrical/household appliancesequipment Utool carpenters tools /gardeners tools9instrument lab/musical/medical instrumentsan instrument for/of communicationdevice a device for peeling apples/for closing the door automaticallyimplement 用具 farming/writing/gardening implementsfacility U 便利 be used with great facilitypl.设施 kitchen/airport/educational/language teaching plete/fill in/fill out an application formapprove/refuse/reject/turn down an applicationmake an application to sb. for sth.the new application(s) of sth. in (a field)apply to sb. for sth.apply the rule to this occasion(The rule does not) apply to the caseThe rule applies(be effective) till next May.61.appoint him (as/to be) chairman of the boardmeet at the appointed timesee patients by appointment onlymake/have an appointment with sb.62.have an appreciation of modern art/paintingsappreciate you/your talentappreciate modern art/paintingsappreciate your help/appreciate your kindness in doing sth. = thank you for your help = be grateful/thankful to you for your help= show my gratitude to you for your help63.批准 approve the plan wait for the fund to be approved同意 approve (of) your opinion64.area n. cover an area of 100 square metersbe outstanding in his area = in his fieldCf. regiondistrictzonefield65.argue with sb. over/about sth. augue for/against sth.argument n. 66.arise vi. = come up; appear; emerge arise fromrise vi. = stand up = raise oneself rise to ones feetThe flag is rising. a rising flag VS a risen sunn. on the rise = on the increase rise and fall of an umpireraise vt. raise oneself raise a flag at the flag-raising ceremonyraise ones voice /the rentraise money = collect money raise pets = keep petsarouse vt. arouse curiosity/interest1067. arrange flowers arrange booksarrange for sb. to do sth. Mom has arranged for me to study abroad.arrange with sb. to do sth. Ive arranged with Jack to meet at the square. make arrangements/preparations for sth./to do sth.68. arrive at VS. arrive inThe letter reached me yesterday. (不可用 get to/arrive at)arrive at an agreement/decision/conclusion69.article n. 文章 write an article on sth.物品 see articles of all kinds Cf. item n. 一则新闻 a news item = an item of news一项 many items on display/on the list/in the test paperI love the last item on the program.70. artificial adj. an artificial flower/ snow/ leg/hand/eye/satellitean artificial smile/artificial mannersCf. synthetic fibers/materialsfalse teeth a false statement/alarmfake money a fake painting by Picassoa faulty electric fan71. suchas the sameassuch a great man as he=a great man like himCf. She is such a nice girl as is loved by all of us.She is such a nice girl that she is loved by all of us.She is such a nice girl as to be loved by all of us.Cf. as, like as, though, althoughas, when, whileas, whichasas, soas72.be/feel ashamed of sth. Cf. shameful adj.73.be/fall asleep VS a sleeping babybe fast/sound asleep VS be wide awake74.assign sth. to sb. assign sb. to sth. I was assigned to that project.assign sb. sth.assign sb. to do sth.75.联系;联想 associate A with B A be associated with B有关联 relate A to B A be related to B结合 combine A with B A combine with B 连接; 联系 link A to/with B = connect A to/with B系 tie A to B 76. 假定 assume sth. (assume his innocence)assume sb. (to be) + adj./n.assume that11承担 assume office/responsibility77. assure sb. of sth. assure sb. thatensure sth. ensure sb. sth. ensure thatguarantee vt. 保修 guarantee the clock for a year保证 guarantee to do = guarantee that担保 guarantee the painting genuinen. have a two-year guarantee under guaranteea guarantee of happinessa guarantee to doa guarantee thatinsure his house against fire78.attack vt. a disease/disaster attack/strike/hit a placen. make/launch an attack ondie of a heart attack79.attach sth. to sth.attach to sth. be attached to sth.80. attempt sth. attempt to do sth.make an attempt at sth. make an attempt to do sth.81.attend a meeting/a concert/school/churchattend (to) a sick child = tend (to) = look after = take care ofattend to the matter82.pay attention to sth./doing sth.attract/draw/catch ones attention catch ones eyecall ones attention to sth.83.adopt/assume/take/maintain a positive/negative attitude towards/about sth.84.attract sb./sth.attract sb. to/into sp.distract sb. from sth./doing sth.a tourist attraction (U)85. a large /small audience ( = vocabulary)an audience of 10086.have authority over sb.87.be available to sb. make sth available to sb. Three basketball playgrounds are available to students. 88.avenge sth. on sb. 89.avoid sth. avoid doing sth.Cf. prevent a disease90.awake adj. awaken vt. awaken sb. wake vt. wake sb. (up)vi. wake upwaken vt. waken sb. vi. 1291.award vt. award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. Cf. reward sb. with sth. for sth.give/offer/hand sb. sth. = give/offer/hand sth. to sb. present sb. with sth. = present sth. to sb. provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. supply sb. with sth. = supply sth, to sb. award n. Cf. reward, prize92.Cf. be (un)aware of sth.be conscious remain conscious after the accidentbe conscious of sth.93.be set in a backgroundlook nice against the black background94.backward adv. go backward VS go forwardadj. a background country95.be badly needed/wanted be more badly needed/wantedbe badly done be worse donebe in bad/urgent need of sth96.break/disturb/upset the balance of naturekeep/lose ones balancebe in/out of balanceeat a balanced diet97.ban vt. ban sth.ban sb. from doing sth.Cf. prevent/ stop/prohibit sb. (from) doing sth.keep sb. from doing sth.forbid sb. to do sth.98. a bare mountain/branch bare feet/shouldersCf. empty an empty bottle/ roomvacant a vacant job/postrare a rare stamp/species/flower/metalAir is rare in the mountains.scarce Fruit is scarce during the winter/war.short be short of sth. give me short weight (短斤缺两)99. make a bargain with sb. = make a deal with sb. pick up a bargain100. Cf. base an air basethe base of the vase/statuebasement in the basementbasis (pl. bases) the basis of the theory on a regular basisfoundation lay a solid foundation for sth.the foundation of the PRCthe Nobel Foundationthe foundation of the building101. have/take a bath the bathing suit13102. Cf. beach go to the beach play on the beachcoast off the coast along the coast on the coastseasidebank along the river bank103. bea