高中英语选修六 Unit 3 A healthy life

1、Unit 3 A healthy life,1. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 2. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 3. A light heart lives long. 4. Good health is over wealth. 5. Health is happiness.,Warming up,1. What health issues do you think concern young people the most?,Ci

2、garette smoking Drinking alcohol Drug taking Diet Physical fitness Sexual health Stress Obesity,A truly healthy person should be healthy in _ and _.,body,mind,A healthy life should include _ and _ health.,physical,mental,Whats a healthy person like?,Looking at the following pictures. What are they d

3、oing? Which are healthy activities while which are unhealthy activities?,Singing,Healthy,Healthy,Dancing,Playing basketball,Healthy,Doing Taiji,Healthy,Drinking alcohol,Unhealthy,Eating too much,Unhealthy,Smoking, coughing,Unhealthy,2. Why do you think some adolescents start smoking?,1) falsely infl

4、uenced by some media 2) think its cool 3) want to lighten some stress,1. Have you ever smoked? If you have, have you stopped?,3. In what ways is smoking harmful? Do you think smoking should be banned?,Ive become addicted to smoking cigarettes.,Smoking causes fire.,Smoking is a bad example to childre

5、n.,Smoking causes lung cancer.,Smoking affects the health of the nonsmokers.,中国约十万人因吸二手烟而死.,4. Where could you get good advice on stopping smoking?,Unit 3 A healthy life,Reading ADVICE FROM GRANDAD,1. Who? 2. To whom? 3. Purpose?,James grandfather James To give James some advice and encourage him to

6、 quit smoking,Main idea:,James grandfather wrote to him to give him some advice and encourage him to quit smoking.,Please glance through the text as fast as you can and try to find out:,2,3,5,4,1,Find the main idea of each para.,Become physically addicted to nicotine,Become addicted through habit,Be

7、come mentally addicted,withdrawal symptoms: (断瘾症状),You will smoke _ if smoking becomes a habit.,You believe you are _, _ after smoking and only feel_ when smoking.,bad-tempered quitting) 接动词-ing形式，“停止做” I wish youd quit complaining. 辞职，离开 His father quit because of ill health. He has to quit school

8、because he cant afford the education. quit ones job / quit office / quit school 2) But I did finally manage. ( vi.) = But I did finally manage it. ( vt.) = But I did finally manage to quit smoking.,只能用动词的 -ing形式做宾语的动词有: admit; advise; allow; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; complete; consider; deny; fo

9、rbid; fancy想象; finish; keep; mention; mind; miss; pardon; permit; prevent; delay; discuss; dislike; enjoy; escape; excuse; explain; imagine; postpone推迟; practise; quit; recall记起; recommend推荐; recollect记起; resist抵抗; risk冒险; suggest; tolerate忍受; understand,拓展,9. When I was young, I didnt know much abo

10、ut the harmful effects of smoking. 吸烟的危害 effect n效果，影响，作用，结果 have an effect / influence on / upon sb / sth 对有效；对产生影响 The TV programme has a positive effect on children as well as the old. come / go into effect (尤指法律等)实行，起作用 bring / carry / put . into effect 实行；实施； The new law comes into effect from

11、April. take effect (药)生效；开始起作用 The medicine was starting to take effect and the pain eased. 药开始起作用，疼痛减轻了。,10. I didnt know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant. 当初我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺 部，也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会

12、下降。 该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的主从复合句。 or连接这两个宾语从句，意为“也不(知道)” I dont know .or. 这个句型译为“我不知道, 也不知道”。如: I dont know where to go or what to do.我不知道去 哪里也不知道干什么。,主句,宾语从句,宾语从句,11. However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible. 然而我的的确确知道，我 的女朋友觉得我的烟味很难闻。 smell v. The food must go bad. It smells

13、. vt. 闻到，嗅出，常与can，could 连用 I can smell something burning. n. 嗅觉，气味，臭味 Taste and smell are closely connected. Theres a smell of cooking., 连系动词，“闻起来”，后接adj.、分词,The flowers smell sweet., vi. 发出臭气，气味难闻,12. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smok

14、ing. 而当我因为不健康 而被校足球队除 名之后，我才知道该是我戒烟的时候了。 unfit adj. （身体）不健康的 She never gets any exercise she must be really unfit. 不合适的，不胜任的 be unfit for sth He was found to be medially unfit for oversea duty. 他体检不合格，不能到海外执行任务 be unfit for public office 不适宜担任公职,13. It might help you to stop and strengthen your reso

15、lve. 也许对你戒烟和坚定决心会有所帮助。 strengthen vi. 伸展 The ladder wont reach the window. 2) 到达 (= get to; arrive at / in) They reached London. reach n. 伸手可及之距离 within reach of the shops 买东西很方便的地方 The ball was out of reach. 我够不着这个球。,19. If you feel desperate, you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist about som

16、ething to help you, like nicotine chewing gum. 如果你的确感到没法办， 你还可以找一个医生或药剂师来谈谈,帮你想点 办法，如含尼古丁的口香糖等。 desperate adj. 绝望的；不顾一切的 We had no food left at all and were getting desperate. 非常需要的 1) be desperate for sth / to do sth By then I was desperate for a holiday. Ben was desperate to get a job.,2) in despe

17、rate need of sth We are in desperate need of help. 极其严峻的 There was a desperate shortage of doctors.医生 人数严重不足。,desperately adv. 绝望地，拼命地；非常地 Doctors were trying desperately to save her life. desperation n. 绝望 a look of desperation in his eyes,拓展,20. Do not be disappointed if you have to try several ti

18、mes before you finally stop smoking.即使非得经过 多次戒烟才能最后把它戒掉,你也不要失去希望。 disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的 be disappointed with / in Im disappointed in you / your work. be disappointed about / at Im disappointed at the result of the game. Are you disappointed about / at not being chosen? be disappointed to see / f

19、ind / hear We were disappointed to find the museum closed. be disappointed that Im disappointed that I havent got an invitation.,21. If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed.如果你因意志衰弱而又 抽烟了，也不 要觉得难为情。 ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的(表语形容词) She feels ashamed of having failed in the examination.她因

20、考试不及格而感到羞愧。 She was too ashamed to ask her family for help.她 觉得没脸向家人求助。 Barry was ashamed that he had lost his temper.巴里 因自己发脾气感到很惭愧。,拓展,be ashamed of (doing) sth be ashamed to do sth be ashamed that,因(做了)某事而感到羞愧 耻于做某事； 因难为情而不愿做某事 对感到内疚,ashamed与shameful adj. 羞耻的，惭愧的 ashamed做表语，表示“感到羞耻的；感到惭 愧的”。指事情使人

21、感到羞耻、惭愧、难为情等。 只能用作表语。 shameful指“可耻的；丢脸的”。指事情或行为 本身不道德。既可用作表语又可用作定语。,辨析,shameless adj. 无耻的，不要脸的 shame n. u 羞愧，耻辱,1) He was _ to cheat, because he realized that it was _ to cheat in the exam. 2) I was _ of my _ behavior at that time. 3) I was _of having lied to my teacher. 4) If he did anything _, I w

22、ont go with him. 5) He is a _ liar. 6) How could you do such a thing? Have you no _？ 7) The boy was _ to tell his mother that he had failed.,ashamed,shameful,ashamed,shameful,ashamed,shameful,shameless,shame,ashamed,22. In spite of all his efforts he failed. He was so upset about himself that he fel

23、t like crying. in spite of = despite “尽管”，表示让步 in spite of sth / doing sth He was hell-bent on goingin spite ofthe heavy rain. 尽管下着大雨，他还是坚持要出去。 Try to sleepin spite ofthe noise. 尽管有喧闹声也 要设法睡着。 in spite of / despite与although, though 的区别： in spite of / despite为介词或介词短语，后接名 词或doing； although/ though为连词，

24、后接句子，引导让步 状语从句。,23. He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks. take risks / a risk 冒险 risk n. 危险，风险 vt. 冒险；冒的危险 take risks / a risk to do sth 冒险做某事 at the risk of 冒着的风险 risk doing sth 冒险做某事 risk ones life to do sth 冒着生命危险做某事,Unit 3 A healthy life,Learning about languag

25、e,Discovering useful words and expressions,Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text. 1. feeling foolish or uncomfortable because of something 2. stop doing 3. having an unborn child or young in the body 4. because of 5. pressure caused by the problems of living, t

26、oo much work,ashamed,quit,pregnant,due to,stress,Discovering useful words and expressions,Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text. 6. done as a habit without thinking 7. in the habit of; used to 8. succeed in doing 9. of the mind 10. a boy or girl in the period b

27、etween being a child and an adult.,automatically,accustomed,manage,mental,adolescents,Discovering useful words and expressions,Find a word or phrase from the text that means the same as the underlined words in each sentence. Use the correct form and rewrite the sentence if necessary. 1. You will be

28、able to stop smoking eventually if you are determined enough. 2. Having lived in Hawaii all his life, he was not used to the cold of Northern Europe. 3. She felt embarrassed about her body shape, so she decided to go on a diet.,quit,tough,accustomed to,ashamed (of her),Discovering useful words and e

29、xpressions,Find a word or phrase from the text that means the same as the underlined words in each sentence. Use the correct form and rewrite the sentence if necessary. 4. Running a marathon will leave you out of breath. 5. You really have no idea just how hopeless cancer can make you feel. 6. The e

30、ffects of drinking too much alcohol on your health can be serious. 7. Doing exercises every day can not only make your muscles stronger but also help you relax.,breathless,desperate,(The) (effects),strengthen,alcoholic,Discovering useful words and expressions,Find a word or phrase from the text that

31、 means the same as the underlined words in each sentence. Use the correct form and rewrite the sentence if necessary. 8. If you are expecting a baby, your smoking habit might cause problems for it. 9. In spite of all his efforts he failed. He was so upset about himself that he felt like crying. 10.

32、He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.,pregnant,disappointed,decide on,Discovering useful words and expressions,Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from below.,due to cigarettes tough unfit alcohol mental quit withdrawal adolescents addicted to stress effects,

33、Smoking _, drinking _ or taking other drugs produce many harmful _ and have no real benefits. So why do _ do it? Perhaps some think it makes them look _ or cool. Others may think it will help them with _ in their lives possibly _ pressure from parents or teachers. Some may just want to experiment. W

34、hat they do not realize is how easy it is to become _ smoking.,alcohol,adolescents,stress,due to,cigarettes,effects,tough,addicted to,Discovering useful words and expressions,Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from below.,due to cigarettes tough unfit alcohol mental quit withdrawal adolescents

35、 addicted to stress effects,In fact it is the _ addiction rather than the physical effects that makes it really hard to _ smoking. When an adolescent realizes how _ he or she is becoming, it is too late. Sadly the _ symptoms can be quite severe for some people. Of course the best way to deal with th

36、ese drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!,mental,quit,unfit,withdrawal,USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS,Choose the prepositions to form phrases.,1. ashamed _ sth / sb / oneself 2. embarrassed _ sth 3. disappointed _ sth / sb 4. grateful _ sb _ sth 5. angry _ sb _ sth 6. delighted _ sth 7

37、. nervous _ sth 8. upset _ sth 9. bored _ sth / sb 10. shocked _ sth,with of about at for by into,of,about,with,with,about / for,with / by,about,(with sb) about / by,with,at / by,to for,Translations,1、听到我叔叔赞美吸烟让我觉得尴尬，我希 望其他人能做出自己的判断而不会效法他。 (awkward; judgement) I felt awkward hearing my uncle praise

38、smoking, and I hoped that others would make their own judgment and not follow his example. 2、男孩为自己的表现感到羞愧，当医生将针 管插入他的胳膊抽血的时候他晕倒了。 (ashamed; needle) The boy felt ashamed of his behavior. When the doctor put a needle in his arm and took out some blood, he fainted.,Translations,3、当杰克把最后一包香烟扔掉以后，他立刻 感觉自

39、己像一个从不吸烟的人。 (packet; cigarettes; feel like a non-smoker) When Jack threw away his last packet of cigarettes, he immediately began to feel like a non-smoker. 4、专家们正考虑一项关于禁止向青少年贩卖酒 和香烟的提议。 (ban; alcohol; adolescents) The specialists are considering a proposal to ban the sale of alcohol and cigarettes

40、to adolescents.,Translations,5、尽管寒冷，他还是跳入河中将落水的男孩从 水中拉了出来。他冒了很大的危险，但孩子的 生还使他感到极为快乐。 (in spite of; take a risk; survival) In spite of the cold, he jumped into the river and pulled the fallen boy out of the water. He took a great risk, but the survival of the boy made him feel extremely happy.,Transla

41、tions,6、父母亲由于不喜欢未出生婴儿的性别而决定 堕胎是违法的。对女性的偏见甚至持续到今天， 这让我很气愤。 (illegal; abortion; prejudice; against; female) Its illegal for parents to decide to have an abortion because they dont like the gender of their unborn baby. Im so angry that this prejudice against female children continues even today.,Transl

42、ations,7、因为有中国艾滋病策略支持项目（CHARTS） 的赞助，许多像濮存昕那样的名人一直积极参 加遏制艾滋病的运动。 (due to; campaign against) Due to the sponsor of CHARTS project, many famous people like Pu Cunxin have been active in the campaign against AIDS.,Translations,8、课文中一些造成学生理解困难的句子在教材 后附录中的注释部分做了进一步的解释。 (comprehension; appendix) Some sente

43、nces in the texts which cause students comprehension difficulties are further explained in the notes of the appendix at the end of the textbook.,Unit 3 A healthy life,Grammar The use of “it”,Go over the first reading passage again and note the use of “it”. “It” is a very useful word in English and c

44、an be used in many ways. Here are two ways. “It” can be used in the subject or object position to stand for an infinitive, -ing form or a clause.,It is amazing that at my age I am still fit. It is easier to fall than to rise. I think it best that you should do more exercise. It is no good crying ove

45、r spilt milk. He found it difficult to accustom himself to getting up early.,Go over the first reading passage again and note the use of “it”. “It” is a very useful word in English and can be used in many ways. Here are two ways. Impersonal “it” can be used to talk about time, distance, weather, etc

46、.,It is a beautiful day. It takes all sorts. It never rains but it pours. It is 10 kilometres to the castle. It was time to quit smoking.,Grammar,The use of “it”,1. It rains heavily. 2. It is 20 kilometers from Granddads house to James. 3. It is November 11, 2005. 4. It is 9 oclock at night. 5. Itll

47、 be lovely in the garden tonight 6. It is bad to smoke. 7. It is likely that he will succeed.,天气,距离,日期,时间,形式主语,环境,形式主语,1. it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指 刚提到的事物，以避免重复: Xian isabeautifulcity, isntit? 2. 也可以指动物或婴儿（未知性别的 婴儿或孩子）: - Is this your dog? - No, it isnt.,一、it 作人称代词,二、it作非人称代词,it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、 时间、日期、距离、价值、

48、度量衡、温度、 环境等，称为非人称的it： 1. 指天气： It is a lovely day, isntit? It is a bit windy. 2. 指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back. 3. 指环境: It was very quiet inthecaf.,4. 指距离： It is half an hourswalkto the city centre from my home. 5. 指日期： - Whats the date today? - Its May 1, 2015. 6. 指季节： It is summer

49、now. 7. 指度量衡： It is about 5 kilograms. 8. 指价值： - Whats the cost of the T-shirt? - It is 150 yuan.,替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。,三、it用作形式主语,1、替代作主语的动词不定式,1) It + be + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词，常见的 有： easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossib

50、le, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license. It is important to learn English well

51、. It is very hard for him to study two languages.,2) It + be + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词，常见的 有： kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy Its kind of you to help me with the problem. Its very

52、 nice of you to help me. It was stupid of me to talk in that way to my mother.,3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型 Its no good / use doing Its (well) worth doing Its (well) worth ones while doing / to do Its (well) worth while doing / to do Its no use crying over spilt milk. Its well worth visiting the History Muse

53、um.,2. it作形式主语替代主语从句 1) It is adj. + clause It is clear / obvious / true / possible / certain that . 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引 导的主语从句，常译为“清楚(显然，真的)” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如： It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. Itisobvious thatthe earth

54、is round. = That thatthe earth is round isobvious.,It is important / necessary / right / strange / natural. that .+ (should) do 该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中 的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气 (should + 动词原形)，should 可以省去。 It is necessary that we (should) arrive there earlier. It is important that we (should) finish the

55、task ahead of time. Itisstrangethatheshouldhavefailedinthisexam.,2) It is v-ed that= sb. / sth. is v-ed to do It is said (reported / learned / believed / thought / known / told / hoped.) that . 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为 “据说(据报道, 据悉)”。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. = He is sai

56、d to have come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. = Another earth satellite is reported to have been put into orbit.,It is suggested ( ordered, required . ) that . + (should) do 该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去 分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时，that 后的 从句要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)，should

57、 可 以省略。常译为“ 据建议；有命令”。 Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputoff. It is required that nobody (should) smoke here.,3) It is + noun + 从句 It is a pity (a shame / an honor / a good thing / a fact / a surprise. ) that . 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气 （should + 动词原形），should可省去。表示 出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义 时，则不用虚拟语气。例如： It

58、 is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是 遗憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！,四、it作形式宾语,当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名 词、宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补 足语后面，而用it作形式宾语，放在宾语 补足语之前。 该句型中的it作形式宾语，常用的动 词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。,I think it no use arguing with him. 我认为和他争吵没有用。 I found it very interesting to study English. 我发现学英语非常有趣。 He mad