商务英语第二版课后答案

1、商务英语第二版课后答案【篇一：商务英语阅读(第二版) 王关富unit2the_world_economic_forum 课后答案】hanged global reality exercises 1. answer the questions on the text: 1) what are the features of the two major economies that the world has seen formore than 200 years? one has dominated technological innovation and trade and amassed g

2、reat wealth. the secondmuch of it politically under the thumb of the firsthas remained poor and technologically dependent. 2) how much did low-and-middle-income countries contribute to world growth in 2010? almost half (46%) 3) taking a long term view, why is it good news that developing countries a

3、re growing fast? as billions of poor people become more prosperous, they will be able to afford comforts their counterparts in the rich world have long considered the normal appurtenances of life. 4) what are the worst-case scenarios that europe has so far avoided? a collapse of the euro, a debt cri

4、sis that spills from small economies such as greece and ireland to much bigger ones like italy and spain, and bitter social uest in those nations that are having to massage wages down while cutting public budgets. 5) why does jim walker think that 2011 will be a “year of reckoning”? because jim walk

5、er thinks that the rebound in the us is a mirage created by excessive stimulus. he expects the us to slip into the double dip it dodged in 2010. 6) why has the private-sector debt crisis of 2008-2009 morphed into a public-sector debt crisis in 2010-11? it has been the result of the debt and deficits

6、 amassed in the process of stimulating economies and bailing out banks during the downturn. 7) what are the risks that emerging economies face? a. sharp rise in inflation b. rising oil prices c. soaring food price 8) what did china and india do to cope with inflation and rising food prices? china ra

7、ised the reserve-requirement ratio; india resorted to diplomatic means when pakistan temporarily cut off some exports of onions to the country. 9) how can the disaffection with global capitalism in the developed world be prevented from turning into a backlash against it?it would help if there were m

8、echanisms in place to manage the stresses in the international economy. 10) what is the most serious division between countries that policymakers have to contend with? economic disparity 2. fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the list given below: 1) the search f

9、or the child sharply today, with almost a third of the volunteers heading home. 2) the former federal reserve chairman says there is a risk that the us coulda recession by years end. 3) the ceo of the firm said that they would traditional labor-intensive products 4) in the aftermath of the financial

10、 crisis the group some of its ambitious regional expansion plans. 5) toyota motor corp. is offering widespread job buyouts to its us workers for the first time and cutting the workweek at some of its american plants by 10% to falling sales. 6) eventually, it must a system that functions on stability

11、, or it will fail and cause an unstoppable breakdown and widespread hardship. 7) unfortunately most of the central banks in the world today are still firmly politicians. 8) the stock markets endurance could depend heavily on whether economic and corporate performance remains uncertain, or begins ind

12、icating that the economy truly is 9) survivors were encouraged to talk about their horrible experiences to help them 10) other countriesnotably australiahave also avoided a bust in their housing markets, and have instead seen prices increases 3. match the terms in column a with the explanations in c

13、olumn b: 1）double-dip recessiona) a physical substance, such as food, grains, and metals, which is interchangeable with another product of the same type, and which investors buy or sell, usually through future contracts 2) credit ratingb) a measure that examines the weighted average of prices of foo

14、dstuffs, often used as an important factor to assess the cost of living. 3)austerity c) a government policy of deficit-cutting, lower spending, and a reduction in the amount of benefits and publicservices provided, sometimes coupled with increases reserves each commercial bank must hold to customer

15、deposits and notes. 5）protective tariff e) the part of the economy that is not state controlled, and is run by individuals and companies for profit. 6）beggar thy neighbor f) an expression in economics describing policy that seeks benefits for one country at the expense of others. such policies attem

16、pt to remedy the economic problems in one country by means which tend to worsen the problems of other countries. 7) commodity g) a published ranking based on detailed financial analysis by a credit bureau, of ones financial history, specifically as it relates to ones ability to meet debt obligations

17、. 8）sovereign-debt crisis h) a crisis in which a national government owes so much debt that it is unable to repay or on the edge of bankruptcy. 9）food-price indexi) a tariff which tries to ban imports to stop them competing with local products 10）reserve requirement j) a situation where economic gro

18、wth slides back to negative after a short-lived growth and the economy may move into a deeper and longer downturn. 4. translate the following into chinese: 星期五，世界上20个主要经济体的领导人结束了在这座东北亚首都城市举行的为期两天的峰会。各国争论不休，然而却没有就避免破坏性货币和贸易战争的具体措施达成一致意见。会议遭遇的挫折远多于收获，而奥巴马总统最为沮丧，其采取统一方法推动全球经济的努力未能成功。 20国集团成员国突然拒绝支持美国迫使

19、中国提高币值的尝试，延续了这场痛苦的争端，很多人认为争端最终会导致全球贸易战。 在离开这座城市之前，各国领导人发表了一项打了折扣的声明，仅仅同意避免货币的“竞争性贬值”。这份联合声明大致描述了他们推动增长，并平衡贸易和汇率以及避免贸易保护主义政策的意图。美国官员称此为一份重要协议，将会帮助减轻一些承受巨额贸易逆差的国家的压力。但是各国并没有义务遵守这些协议。 在最后的讲话中，奥巴马对这次令人失望的峰会持积极态度，说世界上的发达国家和发展中国家已经成功地把世界经济引入通往复苏的道路。但是他也承认参与峰会的各国可能重陷一种险境：引起本次全球经济危机的经济失衡。尽管如此，他不会承认在后门会议上遭遇的

20、失败。这样的会议经常被认为是处于陷入敌对状态的边缘。“我们在此所做的工作并不一定那么激动人心、始终能改变世界，但我们确实是在稳步地增强国际管理机制和机构，减少世界各国间的摩擦”，奥巴马说。他强调二十国集团领袖们作出了巨大的努力，包括建立国际社会所要求的裁定当事国是否对贸易伙伴采取不公平做法的仲裁机制。“有时我觉得人们本能地聚焦于分歧也是很自然的，”美国总统说，但实际上“我们在每次这样的峰会上都取得实质性的进展。” 但在首尔，世界领袖们一再显示他们无意妥协，只愿做出空泛的许诺，难以遮盖他们在寻求共识果敢行动上的无能。不能达成共识有时则会促使世界各国去追求各自的利益，而会损害有协调的全球均衡增长。

21、 5. fill in each of the following gaps with one of the sentences given below: 1) this week the imf predicted that global gdp should expand by 4.8% this year. 2) most obviously, there is the gap between the vitality of the big emerging economies, some of which have been sprinting along at close to 10

22、%, and the sluggishness of many rich ones. 3) poor countries, especially young ones, ought in theory to invest more than they save, and so be a net source of demand for richer, older ones, all the more so when the latter are in bad shape. 4) rich countries are planning tax rises and spending cuts wo

23、rth 1.25% of their collective gdp in 2011, the biggest synchronised fiscal tightening on record. 5) even in america the ageing of the baby-boomers points to a slower-growing workforce. supplementary reading the survival of the safest 1. which of the following is an important reason for the american

24、economys persistent weakness? a. new risks b. damage to morale c. distrust in one another d. john maynard keynes theory 2. according to the passage, the book “why wages dont fall during a recession” focuses on: a. the recession of 1999 b. the recession of 1990-1999 c. the recession of 1990-1991 d. t

25、he recession of 2008-now 3. what is unusual about the market for labor compared with other productive factors?a. for other productive factors such as wheat, the price usually drops until the excess supply is mostly gone. b. excess supply of labor shows up as unemployment. c. unlike factors of produc

26、tions such as wheat or trucks, human beings dont have morale issues. d. for labor market, excess supply can be prominent and persistent. 4. a. they are concerned about both the emotional and physical state of their core employees. b. they are concerned about the emotional state of their core employe

27、es c. they are concerned about the physical state of their core employees d. they are concerned about the emotional state of all their employees 5. the underlined part in the sentence “they sentimentality”means: a. become hard-hearted b. wrap themselves with steel. c. be equipped with steel d. fight

28、 against 6. why do managers often lay off more people than necessary? a. to ensure that they dont have to repeat the ordeal anytime soon. b. to ensure that the remaining workers work harder. c. to cut down cost d. because the remaining workers want to take extra work. 7. which of the following is tr

29、ue according to the passage? a. the laid-off employees can directly “poison the atmosphere” in their former workplaces. b. the laid-off employees can never “poison the atmosphere” in their former workplaces once they get fired. c. the laid-off employees can indirectly “poison the atmosphere” in thei

30、r former workplaces. d. the laid-off employees are forbidden to get in touch with those remaining employees. 8. which of the following will employees who stay employed not experience? a. survivors guilt b. pain c. empathy with the less fortunate d. extravagant vocations 9. which of the following is

31、not a consequence of the reticence of employees? a. preserving jobs in ones own company b. working against job growth elsewhere. c. resulting in a loss of vigor in the aggregate economy. d. leading to the sapping of creativity. 10. the author suggests that the current unemployment may be solved by:

32、a. inspiring creativity in private sector.【篇二：商务英语翻译课后习题答案】同生效之日起到合同终止期间，双方每年举行一次正式会晤，以便讨论合同执行中存在的问题，以及就技术发展与改进问题进行交流，为进一步技术合作奠定基础。双方的会晤轮流在两国举行。讨论的内容和结论载入备忘录。每方与会人员不得超过5人，费用自理。 2)如果合同一方未能在合同规定的时限内履行合同义务，并在收到未违约方通知后15天内未能消除违约或采取补救措施，而且在被允许延长期内未履行合同，在此情形下，未违约方应书面通知违约方解除合同，同时有权向违约方索赔。 1)从合同生效之日起到合同终止期间

33、，双方每年举行一次正式会晤，以便讨论合同执行中存在的问题，以及就技术发展与改进问题进行交流，为进一步技术合作奠定基础。双方的会晤轮流在两国举行。讨论的内容和结论载入备忘录。每方与会人员不得超过5人，费用自理。 2)如果合同一方未能在合同规定的时限内履行合同义务，并在收到未违约方通知后15天内未能消除违约或采取补救措施，而且在被允许延长期内未履行合同，在此情形下，未违约方应书面通知违约方解除合同，同时有权向违约方索赔。 1） 仅进去年一年时间，美元升值已经超过10%，这与1997年至1998年的亚洲金融危机期间的升值幅度差不多。 美国经济的减速很可能更加支持人们对美元的信心。 2） 汇率变动对于

34、进口价格的影响取决于国内市场需求的强度。 事实上，今年美国的出口已经有显著增长，长期以来首次超过了进口。 1） 当事人一方不履行合同义务或者履行合同义务不符合约定的，在履行义务或者采取补救措施后，对方还有其他损失的，应当赔偿损失。 2） 对发行机构本身业务需要发行债券的，所筹资金必须按批准的用途使用，债券本息的偿还自行负责。 3） 报关手续由住所在该国的一方或其代表办理，这通常是可取的。因此，出口商通常应办理出口报关手续，进口商应办理进口报关手续。 1)世界贸易组织于1995年成立，是年轻的国际组织之一。世界贸易组织的前身是关贸总协定，成立于第二次世界大战结束时期。因此，尽管世界贸易组织很年轻

35、，但是关贸总协定时期建立的多边贸易体系已经有50年的历史了。1998年5月19日多边贸易体系在日内瓦庆祝其50周年纪念日时，许多国家和政府首脑都到场参加了庆祝活动。 2)因此，生产者和消费者都知道他们所需的成品、零部件、原材料、服务会得到充足的供应，且选择面广。生产者和出口商同样明白，国外市场会对他们开放。 3)与其前身不同的是，世界贸易组织是一个正式组建的实体，它的所有规定对其成员国具有法律的约力，并且它是独立于联合国以外的国际组织。它为国家贸易法规提供了总的框架，同时也将关税及贸易总协定规定的范围扩大到服务贸易、知识产权和投资贸易。1） 对不包括在合同中的工程或业主签订的其他与合同工程有关

36、的辅助合同项目，承包人按业主的要求，为业主雇佣的其他承包人及其工人，业主雇佣的工人和其他在工程现场课雇佣的机构提供合理的开展工作的机会。 2） 然而，如果承包人应工程师或其代表的书面要求，让其他承包人、业主或其他机构可以使用由他负责维护的公路或道路，或者允许他们使用施工现场的脚手架或其他设备，或提供其他任何类似的服务，则业主应向承包人支付工程师认为合理的费用。 3） 所有在既是承包人又是业主的工地上发现的化石、钱币、有价物品或古代文物、建筑物和其他具有地质或考古价值的遗迹、物品均被认为绝对属于业主的财产。承包人应防止他人搬走或损坏这些物品，并在发现之后搬动之前，立即通知工程师的代表，按其指示处

37、理这些物品，费用由业主承担。 4） 为了防范汇率风险，稳定进出口贸易（包括其他对外经济活动）成本，开展即期和远期外汇买卖业务，特制定本规定。 1） 在合同签字后12年内，买方不得全部或部分地披露按本合同所获得的专有技术、技术资料和其他情况。但买方有权将上述内容提供给为本合同工厂工作或与本合同工厂有关的人员。对专有技术、技术资料和其他情报已经公开的部分，买方不再承担保密义务。 2） 若由卖方负责消除缺陷，买方应按卖方要求，向卖方提供必需的人员、安装工具和吊车等。由此而产生的费用由卖方负担。消除缺陷应尽快进行，卖方应尽最大努力使合同工厂的建设进度不受其影响。 3） 安装期间，卖方技术人员须参加全部

38、设备安装质量的检查和测试。双方各自授权一名代表，处理合同工厂从安装到验收期间有关合同工厂的全部技术工作。双方代表如有分岐意见应友好地协商解决。当不能解决时，可报请双方的上级处理 1)新公司股东应在新公司成立时，在基于本协议规定制订的公司章程中描述其权利和义务的条款。如果新公司各股东对本工程的有关事宜不能达成协议，主要股东的意见和决定应是最终的，对新公司的其他股东具有约束力。 2) b方应确保在建造期间，c方可以免去下述税费，即免除各种设备和材料的进口关税、国税及地税，如发电设备、施工设备、车辆（包括小汽车、吉普车等）、工具、建筑材料以及其他物品和生活设施。 3)本协议中的任何规定不应被理解为对

39、本协议所述设备的专利或版权进行转让，所有这些权利均完全属于其正的合法主人，c方或新公司应保留对有关说明书、策划案、图纸和其他文件的所有权利，b方保证在未经c方或新公司事先书面同意的条件下不得将类似或相关内容泄露给第三国。 1、9月28日，该公司股票首次在东京证券交易所挂牌上市。 2、出售期货合约的出售者被认为是处在市场空头。 3、期货交易只能在政府管理的交易所内进行。 4、清算所将每个交易所清算成员各自的净结算额通知他们。 5、如果你卖空而期货价格上升，你就赔钱。6、外汇期货是金融期货的一种。 7、直到期货合约到期之时，期货价格才稳定。 8、保证金也给了交易商以极大的财务杠杆的便利。 9、多头

40、是指一种货币的流入大于流出，而空头指一种货币的流出大于流入。 10、期货市场上的套做交易实际上就是转移风险。 1)9月17日，行人从位于纽约时代广场的纳斯达克股票市场走过，那天股市以跌幅达7%收盘，这是继9月11日被劫持的飞机撞塌世贸中心大厦以来首次开盘。 2)上海证券交易所开张迄今15年，这个中国首家资本市场目前已覆盖全国，并开始与国际股市接轨。上海证券交易所是一个世界股市有史以来成长最快的资本市场。从2010年至2020年，上海证券交易所将成为全球最大的股票市场之一。 3)纽约证券交易所是由21位董事会来经营，其中10位从证券业选举产生，10位从非证券业中挑选产生，还有一位是由董事们选举的

41、董事会主席。纽约证券交易所不拥有证券，不买卖股票，也不影响它们的价格，它只提供一个集中的地方以供其成员买卖证券。 1）（人民币的）汇率并轨是（中国）外贸、金融、物价改革迈出的很大一步。汇率并轨极大有利于促进出口，帮助平衡国家财政收支，刺激外商直接投资，而不会对国内经济产生巨大的冲击。 2）债券购买者天性谨慎。在购入债券之前，常常坚持要求掌握一份法律上可强制执行的合同。这种债券契约阐述债券持有人的权利及债券发行者的义务，尤其强调发行者本金和利息的及时支付。除此以外，债券契约通常包含若干保护性条例，如限制发放现金红利以及不许发售新债券等。 3）债券发行之后，发行机构应根据管汇部门的要求，按季报送资

42、金的使用情况、投资和贷款项目的经营状况以及资金的偿还情况。如果需要改变资金用途，发行机构应事先取得管汇部门的同意。 1） 为了让外国游客和商人能方便地支付在中国的费用和以及让国民试用这种世界流行的信用工具，中国银行一直在努力向客户推介使用长城卡。目前已有数万张长城卡投入使用，显示出比传统的现金结算更高的效率。 2） 信用卡能使持卡人通过赊账的方式获得商品和服务。信用卡由零售商店、银行或信用卡公司发放给经过批准的客户。银行或信用卡公司结清客户的账单，按月给客户开列消费清单，收取欠款的利息。他们的利润来自所收取的高额利息，持卡人支付的年费以及接受信用卡的单位交纳的代理费。 3） 当持卡人到已经与中

43、国银行订立协议接受这种付款工具的商店、宾馆、餐馆购物或接受服务之时，可以用信用卡支付账单。然后，这些供应单位再向银行索偿，银行全额偿付这些款项后，每月对客户的账户结算一次。 4） 除此以外，中国银行还开办了用外汇计值的长城金卡，它是专门为国际旅游者设计的。因为该卡已加入了万事达和维萨两大国际信用卡公司网络，此卡的持卡人就可以作为这两种外国信用卡的成员，在任何与这两家信用卡集团有关系的国外服务机构使用它。 1、 当时，银行的规定对小额零星存款和短期存款的利率有限制。但是资金市场互助基金却使个体投资者能够参与国债，大额存单，商业本票的批发或“资金”市场，这些市场的利率要高的多。 2、基金投资运作的

44、关键是尽可能降低风险，同时尽最大可能获取利润。然而，高收益往往与高风险相伴，低风险与低收益同行。因此，资金投资运作必须正确处理好风险与收益的关系。在现代投资理论和投资实践中，解决这一问题的基本对策是组合投资。 3、 自去年以来，高利率帮助存货急剧减少。首先，因为高利率使借款购货变得昂贵；其次，因为当货币市场有高利可图时，人们不愿再存放成本高的无利息的商品。 2） 出口配额是出口国政府允许出口的某种或某类商品的数量。出口配额的目的是保护如糖，水泥和木材等这类商品在国内的供应。出口配额也可用作抬高如石油，战略金属等商品的国际市场的价格，以保护输出国自然资源。配额一词通常指进口配额。在实际操作中，配

45、额通常指进口配额，虽然有些不够准确。当出口方谈及出口配额时，一般指进口国的进口配额。 3） 法律环境对企业来说是指东道国与商业有关的法律法规。了解这些法律和法规，同时调整自己的行为以适应东道国的法律环境，对公司都非常重要。 1） 所得税建立在净收入的基础上，是从毛收入中扣除某些项目后所剩余的部分。可扣除的项目和使用的税率由法律规定，个人所得税和公司所得税是不同的。 2） 社会保险税是联邦政府征收的薪金税，此项税收为老年救济金和失业救济金的社会义务保险计划提供资金。税款来自雇员和雇主，并根据雇员的收入征税。不能因为所得税也是一种收益税而将其与社会保险混淆。社会保险税用于一种特定的目的，而所得税则

46、用于多种目的。 3） 销售税是按固定的比率对商品零售价格征收的税。在一些州或城市，食品及药品一类的商品和服务都是免税的，但在其他地方却不然。联邦政府对货物的最终销售不征收“普通”营业税，然而对酒类、汽油和其他产品的制造、销售和消费则征收特别的销售税，即消费税。 4）电子商务的概念不是新出现的-商业上应用edi进行商业交易已经多年了。edi使企业能够在计算机系统之间交换结构化的信息（订单、发票等）而无须人工参与。信息通常在专用的增值网络（vans）上传送，vans为用户提供存储和接收邮件的服务。【篇三：商务英语写作 课后答案】chapter one parts and formats of bu

47、siness letters 1. use the following information to type a letter: human resources, global securities world financial center, north tower - 250 vesey street new york, ny 10281-1332 july 20, 2007 professor lyndon kenton business department, university of tennessee kronxwille, tennessee 37916 dear prof

48、essor lyndon kenton, we are considering joanne tucker for our analyst training program at global securities. she is a promising candidate, and we need more detailed information about her education and your opinion of her ability to handle the rigors of training. ms. tucker submitted your name not on

49、ly as her professor but also as her faculty advisor. in addition to the long hours involved in training, candidates must have a sound, logical approach to problem solving. we are looking for people who are not afraid to express their ideas and who exude confidence in their manner and deed. the job o

50、f financial analyst requires not only technical knowledge of the market but also extensive people skills, and we appreciate any information about joanne tucker that will help guide our decision. we need your letter of recommendation no later than may 30, but would appreciate it earlier, if convenien

51、t. your evaluation will be kept strictly confidential in accordance with our governing by-laws. thank you for your time on ms. tuckers behalf. sincerely yours, sandra blackmon 2. read the following passage, list the main points and then discuss about it. （答案略） chapter two sales letters 1. translate

52、the following sales letter into chinese: 尊敬的顾客： 我们ps系统有限公司向您介绍即将为您提供的新系列产品，可确保您的办公室更加安全。18年来，p$系统公司一直是安全产品行业的创新者，是北美电子报警设备的主要供应商之一。现在，我们正将这种安全扩展到东亚各公司和机构。 我们新开发的ts801探测系列结合了两种先进技术：微波技术和无源红外线技术，以获得最大程度的可靠性。过去一年中，ps为4500家企业安装了这种新的装置。大量市场反馈证明新产品是非常成功的。所有ps产品可按客户需求安装。最近技术上的进步使得我们能以极具竞争力的价格出售我们的产品。 ps将很高

53、兴派销售代表为您免费介绍产品。他们也非常乐意无偿登门拜访。只需您拨打1-800-000-0000电话号码即可。 谨上 2. translate the following sentences from chinese into english: 1) would you like to increase your turnover without tying up additional capital? then why not add our line of products to your range of carpets? there are very few quality produ

54、cts which show such excellent profits without tying up capital in stock. 2) dont move to the moon if you need more space. let us show you how to make the most of the space youve got! 3) let our company take the whole problem off your shoulders and advise you on the correct safety equipment for your

55、particular operation. our experts are only too eager to serve you and we have a complete range of safety equipment for every industrial situation. remember - accidents increase production costs, lower morale, waste time and materials. its good business to get good safety equipment for your employees

56、. our brand is the best. 4) dont delay. act now. just fill in the bottom portion of this letter and return it to us in the enclosed envelope. we will do the rest. 1. read the following article and present your own opinion: （答案略） chapter three inquiries 1. link the sentences in column a with those in

57、 column b 1. e) 2. a) 3. f) 4. b) 5. d) 6. c) 2. please translate the following inquiry letter into english: would you provide us with information regarding your hd_340 portable printer? we are interested inpurchasing 34 lightweight printers that our account representatives can use with their toshib

58、a 1200xe notebook computers whey they travel. specifically, i would like answers to the following questions: 1. is it a laser printer? 2. is it battery-operated? since we wish to use the printer for traveling, such a feature is important. 3. does it come with at least a one-year warranty? we would appreciate your faxing us the information we nee