级英语阅读试卷A

1、 人文社科系2017级英语教育专业_班 姓 名_ 学号 _ _- 装 -订- 线- EXAMINATION PAPER OFENGLISH EXTENSIVE READING 题 序IIIIIIIVVVI合计分 值151515151030100得 分阅卷人 Text 1The Life Span of English Language When one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the English language, he should be able to notice a nu

2、mber of significant truths. The history of our language has always been a history of constant changeat times a slow, almost imperceptible change, at other times a violent collision between two languages. Our language has always been a living growing organism, it has never been static. Another signif

3、icant truth that emerges from such a study is that language at all times has been the possession not of one class or group but of many. At one extreme it has been the property of the common, ignorant folk, who have used it in the daily business of their living, much as they have used their animals o

4、r the kitchen pots and pans. At the other extreme it has been the treasure of those who have respected it as an instrument and a sign of civilization, and who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence, order, dignity, and if possible, a little beauty.As we consider our changing la

5、nguage, we should note here two developments that are of special and immediate importance to us. One is that since the time of the Anglo-Saxons there has been an almost complete reversal of the different devices for showing the relationship of words in a sentence. Anglo-Saxon (old English) was a lan

6、guage of many inflections. Modern English has few inflections. We must now depend largely on word order and function words to convey the meanings that the older language did by means of changes in the forms of words. Function words, you should understand, are words such as prepositions, conjunctions

7、, and a few others that are used primarily to show relationships among other words. A few inflections, however, have survived. And when some word inflections come into conflict with word order, there may be trouble for the users of the language, as we shall see later when we turn our attention to su

8、ch maters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I. The second fact we must consider is that as language itself changes, our attitudes toward language forms change also.The eighteenth century, for example, produced from various sources a tendency to fix (2017级英语教育专业英语阅读2期终考试试卷A，2018年1月) the language into patterns

9、 not always set in and grew, until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy and re-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in which people speak and write.I. Choose, according to Text 1 , the best answer to each of the followingquestions.(15%)1. In contrast to the earlier l

10、inguists, modern linguists tend to .A. attempt to continue the standardization of the language B. evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patternsC. be more concerned about the improvement of the language than its analysis or historyD. be more aware of

11、the rules of the language usage 2.Choose the appropriate meaning for the word “inflection” used in line 4 of paragraph 2.A. Changes in the forms of words.B. Changes in sentence structures.C. Changes in spelling rules.D. Words that have similar meanings.3.Which of the following statements is not ment

12、ioned in the passage? A. It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginning of the modern English language.B. Some other languages had great influence on the English language at some stages of its development.C. The English language has been and still in a state of relatively co

13、nstant change.D. Many classes or groups have contributed to the development of the English language. 4. The author of these paragraphs is probably a(an) .A. historian B. philosopher C. anthropologist D. linguist5.Which of the following can be best used as the title of the passage? A. The history of

14、the English language. B. Our changing attitude towards the English language.C. Our changing language. D. Some characteristics of modern English.Text 2 Brain and MemoryThe brain is a seemingly endless library, whose shelves house our most precious memories as well as our lifetimes knowledge. But is t

15、here a point where it reaches capacity?The answer is no, because brains are more sophisticated than that. Instead of just crowding in, old information is sometimes pushed out of the brain for new memories to form.Previous behavioral studies have shown that learning new information can lead to forget

16、ting. But in a new study, researchers demonstrated for the first time how this effect occurs in the brain.In daily life, forgetting actually has clear advantages. Imagine, for instance, that you lost your bank card. The new card you receive will come with a new personal identification number (PIN).

17、Each time you remember the new PIN, you gradually forget the old one. This process improves access to relevant information, without old memories interfering.And most of us may sometimes feel the frustration of having old memories interfere with new, relevant memories. Consider trying to remember whe

18、re you parked your car in the same car park you were at a week earlier. This type of memory (where you are trying to remember new, but similar information) is particularly vulnerable to interference.When we acquire new information, the brain automatically tries to incorporate（合并）it within existing i

19、nformation by forming associations. And when we retrieve（检索）information, both the desired and associated but irrelevant information is recalled.The majority of previous research has focused on how we learn and remember new information. But current studies are beginning to place greater emphasis on t

20、he conditions under which we forget, as its importance begins to be more appreciated.A very small number of people are able to remember almost every detail of their life. While it may sound like an advantage to many, people with this rare condition often find their unusual ability burdensome.In a se

21、nse, forgetting is our brains way of sorting memories, so the most relevant memories are ready for retrieval. Normal forgetting may even be a safety mechanism to ensure our brain doesnt become too full.II.Choose, according to Text 2 , the best answer to each of the following questions.(15%)6. What h

22、ave past behavioral studies found about our brain?A. Its capacity actually knows no limits.B. It grows sophisticated with practice.C. It keeps our most precious memories until lifes end.D. New information learned pushes old information out.7. What is the benefit of forgetting?A. It frees us from pai

23、nful memories.B. It helps slow down our aging process.C. It facilitates our access to relevant information.D. It prevents old information from forming associations.8. What is the emphasis of current studies of memory?A. When people tend to forget.B. What contributes to forgetting.C. How new technolo

24、gy hinders memory capacity.D. Why learning and forgetting are complementary.9. What do people find about their rare ability to remember every detail of their life?A. It adds to the burden of their memory.B. It makes their life more complicated.C. It contributes to their success in life.D. It constit

25、utes a rare object of envy.10. What docs the passage say about forgetting?A. It can enlarge our brain capacity.B. It helps get rid of negative memories.C. It is a way of organizing our memories.D. It should not cause any alarm in any way.Text 3Around the world more and more people are taking part in

26、 dangerous sports and activities. Now, there are people who look for an immediate excitement from a risky activity which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.I would consider bungee jumping to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place 200 meters above the ground with a

27、n elastic (弹性的) rope tied to your feet. You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around the world have now tied bungee jumping. Other activities which most people around the world have now tied bungee jumping fr

28、om tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs.Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very lone ago, peoples lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out

29、 and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured, and life was a continuous battle for survival.Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in safe conditions; they buy food in shops, and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them become ill. T

30、he answer for some of the these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping(蹦极).III.Choose, according to Text 2 , the best answer to each of the following questions.(15%)11. Of the risky activities, bungee jumping _.A. offers an immediate excitement. B. is a fashion.C. makes on

31、e relaxedD. make one brave.12. In bungee jumping, you _.A. Jump as high as you can C. tie yourself to a rope and fallB. Slide down a rope to the ground D. fall without a rope13. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. About 200,000 people in the world have tried bungee jumping.B.

32、In order to keep one safe, a rope is tied to the feet of the jumper.C. Diving into the sea from the top of the cliffs is much more dangerous than bungee jumping.D. Many people nowadays feel life dull because they havent tried bungee jumping.14. The writer of the passage has a _ attitude towards dang

33、erous sports.A. positive B. negative C. neutral D. critical15. The best title for the passage is _ .A. Dangerous Sports: What and WayB. Boredom of Modern LifeC. Bungee Jumping: Is It Really Dangerous?D. Need for ExerciseIV. According to Text 3, translate the following sentences into Chinese. (15%)16

34、. Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. 17.Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement.18.The answer for some of the these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping.multiple producer analyzed visual nom

35、inationsthemes adaptation descent Academy diversityV. Cracking Vocabulary. (10%)Choose from the bank ONE word to fill in each of the following blanks in the passage. Each word in the bank should be used only once.Ang Lee was born on October 23, 1954. He is not only an Asian 19)_ film director,but al

36、so screenwriter and 20)_. Lee has directed a diverse set of films such as Sense and Sensibility (1995), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000), which won the 21)_ Award for Best Foreign Language Film, and Hulk (2003). He is the first person of Asian to win the Oscar twice for Best Director. The Other

37、 Side of Screen, Whitney Crothers Dilley has 22)_ inn detail the striking 23)_ of Lee films, as well as Lees recurring 24)_ of alienation, marginalization, and depression.This times award for Best Director is the second Oscar for Lee, who won in 2005 for Brokeback Mountain. He becomes only the 19th

38、director to win the honor 25)_ times. Life of Pi is Lees first 3D movie. The film was an 26)_ of Yann Martels fantasy adventure novel about an Indian boy who survives a shipwreck but is stranded in a lifeboat with a Bengal tiger. It earned 11 27)_ and grabbed 3 other Oscars, including best 28)_ effects, cinematography and score.VI.Read the following sentences. Each of the sentences includes a pair of words with similar dictionary definition but differen