migrating legacy monoliths to cloud native microservices architectures on kubernetes-46页

1、Migrating Legacy Monoliths toCloud Native Microservices Architectures on KubernetesDan Kohn, Executive DirectorThispresentationisavailableat:/cncf/presentations每日免费获取报告1、每日微信群内分享5+最新重磅报告；2、每日分享当日华尔街日报、3、每周分享经济学人4、每月汇总500+份当月重磅报告（增值服务）；扫一扫二维码关注公号回复：研究报告加入“起点财经”微信群。Cloud Native Comput

2、ing Foundation Non-profit, part of the Linux FoundationFounded December 2015 Current projects:OrchestrationMonitoringDistributed Tracing APILoggingService MeshRemote Procedure CallService DiscoveryContainer RuntimeContainer RuntimeNetworking APIService MeshDistributed Tracing Platinum members:2Today

3、 the Linux Foundation is much more thanLinuxSecurityNetworkingCloudAutomotiveBlockchainWebWe are helping global privacy and security through a program to encryptthe entire internet.We are creating ecosystems around networking to improve agility in the evolving software-defineddatacenter.We are creat

4、ing a portability layer for the cloud, driving de facto standards and developing the orchestration layer for allclouds.We are creating the platform for infotainment in the auto industry that can be expanded into instrument clusters andtelematics systems.We are creating a permanent, secure distribute

5、d ledger that makes it easier to create cost-efficient, decentralized businessnetworks.We are providing the application development framework for next generation web, mobile, serverless, and IoTapplications.We are regularly adding projects. For the most up-to-date listing of all projects visit http:

6、/3Alibaba and CNCF Alibaba is a gold member of CNCF Alibaba has been one of the earliest Chinese members of CNCF Alibaba has been an active contributor to theCNCF project containerd, the runtime inside DockerNon-Virtualized Servers: Sun (2000)Launching a new application? Buy a new ser

7、ver; or a rack of them!Building block of your application is physical serversNon- Virtualized Hardware5200Virtualization: VMWare (2001)Releases for server market in 2001 Popularizes virtual machines (VMs)Run many VMs on one physical machine, meaning you can buy fewer servers!Architectural building b

8、lock becomes a VMNon- Virtualized HardwareVirtualiza- tion200162000IaaS: AWS (2006)Amazon Web Services (AWS) creates the Infrastructure-as-a-Service market by launching Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) in 2006Rent servers by the hour Convert CapEx to OpExArchitectural building block is also a VM, calleda

9、n Amazon Machine Image (AMI)Non- Virtualized HardwareVirtualiza- tionIaaS7200201206PaaS: Heroku (2009)Heroku popularizes Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) with their launch in 2009Building block is a buildpack, which enables containerized 12-factor applications The process for building the container is o

10、paque, but: Deploying new version of an app is just:gitpushherokuNon- Virtualized HardwareVirtualiza- tionPaaSIaaS82002012062009Open Source IaaS: OpenStack (2010)OpenStack brings together an extraordinarily diverse group of vendors to create an open source Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)Competes

11、with AWS and VMWareBuilding block remains a VMNon- Virtualized HardwareOpen Source IaaSVirtualiza- tionPaaSIaaS92002012062009200Open Source PaaS: Cloud Foundry (2011)Pivotal builds an open source alternative to Herokus PaaS and launches the Cloud Foundry Foundation in late 2014Building block is Gard

12、en containers, which can hold Heroku buildpacks, Docker containers and even non-Linux OSesOpen Source PaaSNon- Virtualized HardwareOpen Source IaaSVirtualiza- tionPaaSIaaS10200020012006200920102011Containers: Docker (2013)Docker combines LXC, Union File System and cgroups to create a containerizatio

13、n standard adopted by millions of developers around the worldFastest uptake of a developer technology everEnables isolation, reuse and immutabilityOpen Source PaaSNon- Virtualized HardwareOpen Source IaaSVirtualiza- tionContainersPaaSIaaS112000200120062009201020112013Cloud Native: CNCF (2015)Cloud n

14、ative computing uses an open source software stack to:segment applications into microservices, packaging each part into its own containerand dynamically orchestrating those containers tooptimize resource utilizationOpen Source PaaSNon- Virtualized HardwareOpen Source IaaSCloud NativeVirtualiza- tion

15、ContainersPaaSIaaS1220002001200620092010201120132015What Have We Learned?Core Building Block: Servers Virtual Machines Buildpacks ContainersIsolation Units From heavier to lighter weight, in spin-up time and sizeImmutability From pets to cattleProvider From closed source, single vendor to open sourc

16、e, cross-vendor1314Avoid Vendor Lock-inOpen source software stack enables deploymenton any public, private cloud or hybrid cloudEnable Unlimited ScalabilityScales from several nodes on your laptop to tensof thousands of self-healing multi-tenant nodesIncrease Agility and MaintainabilityBy splitting

17、applications into microserviceswith explicitly described dependenciesImprove Efficiency and Resource UtilizationVia a central orchestrating process that dynamicallymanages and schedules microservicesAchieve ResiliencyTo failures of individual containers, machines, andeven data centers and to varying

18、 levels of demandCloud Native Enables High PerformanceHigh-performing teams deploy more frequently and have much faster lead times.They make changes with fewer failures, and recover faster from failures.3x2,555x24x24x faster recovery from failures200x200x more frequent deployments2,555x shorter lead

19、 times3x lower change failure rate2016 State of DevOps Report Infographic from Puppet20Greenfield ApplicationsCloud Native application architectures are thedefault choice for greenfield applicationsGreenfield Application Design The leading choice for cloud native orchestration is:Selected by top ent

20、erprises and startups like Bloomberg, Box, Redditand the New York TimesOne of the highest development velocity projects in the history of open sourceAmazing group of technology giants and startups cooperating to rapidly improve22In the long run we are all dead. Economists set themselves tooeasy, too

21、 useless a task, if in tempestuous seasons they can only tell us, that when the storm is long past, the ocean is flat again. John Maynard Keynestoo easy, too useless a taskThe Real World Consists of Brownfield ApplicationsThe gross world product is about $100 trillionand almost all of it flows throu

22、gh brownfield applications, which are generally monolithsNearly All Production Applications Are MonolithsHow About a Rewrite? The Second System Syndrome says that many rewrites end in failure The existing system evolves faster than the second onecan catch upStep One Is to Stop DiggingStep Two is Lif

23、t-and-Shift Your MonolithStatefulSets are helpful for providing stable, persistentstorage and unique network identifiers to your monolithChip Away at the MonolithAs different parts of your monolith needupgradesor improvements, consider chipping away at thatfunctionality and moving it to its ownmicro

24、serviceNew Functionality Can Go in New AppsWrite new functionality in separate applicationsoptimized for it, such as Node.js for OAuth or Go for performance sensitive tasksStart with Stateless ServicesKubernetes delivers the largest immediate value today forstateless services, such as application fr

25、ont end servers that need resiliency, load-balancing, autoscaling, etc.Transition Your Data Stores LastSupporting stateful services like Postgres or Redisremains the most challenging part of working with Kubernetes and should likely go last in any transitionMonoliths Are the Antithesis of Cloud Nati

26、veInflexible, tightly-coupled, brittleConsider Complementary ProjectsConsider the constellation of CNCF projects(and their competitors) to provide related servicesEnvoyJaegerCNIPrometheusOpenTracingFluentdLinkerdgRPCCoreDNScontainerdrktEvolving Your Monolith into a MicroserviceAnd Eventually You Have a CollectionKubernetes and GreenfieldAvoid the “soft bigotry of low expectations”of thinking that you need to do a greenfield rewrite to get the benefits of cloud nativeKubernetes and Brownfieldbrownfield applicationsMore Info