第二部分高考语法点拨语法专题2

1、第二部分 高考语法点拨2021届新亮剑高考总复习语法专题2形容词和副词第二部分 高考语法点拨1命题 深度解读234应试 能力点拨目录语法 必备知识CONTENTS高考 变式训练目 录 命题 深度解读第 3 页第二部分 高考语法点拨命题 深度解读应试 能力点拨语法 必备知识高考 变式训练目 录第 4 页第二部分 高考语法点拨题型分类典型例题命题解读语法填空1.(2019全国,63)Her years of hard work have finally (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Chesh

2、ires Woman Of The Year.2.(2019 全 国 ,68)They also shared with us manytraditionalstoriesaboutHawaiithatwerehugely(huge) popular with tourists.3.(2018全国,69)Runningischeap,easyandits always energetic(energy).4.(2017全国,66)Even worse (bad),the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.1. 考查形容词和副词的基本用法;2

3、. 考查形容词或副词比较等级的用法;3. 考查词类转换命题 深度解读应试 能力点拨语法 必备知识高考 变式训练目 录第 5 页第二部分 高考语法点拨题型分类典型例题命题解读短文改错1.(2019 全 国 )From nowthen on, I started to play football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.2.(2019 全 国 )Then, when I was in the fifth grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my Englis

4、h teacher toovery / so much.3.(2017 全 国 )They often get up earlierearly and water the vegetables together.4.(2017全国)BesideBesides,they often get some useful information from the Internet.1. 形容词之间、副词之间或形容词与副词之间的错用;2. 形近引起的错用;3. 比较等级的错用命题 深度解读应试 能力点拨语法 必备知识高考 变式训练目 录 应试 能力点拨第 6 页第二部分 高考语法点拨命题 深度解读应试 能

5、力点拨语法 必备知识高考 变式训练目 录第 7 页第二部分 高考语法点拨形容词、副词与语法填空1. 准确理解句意,分析句子结构,判断空格处要填的词在句中作什么成分如果用来修饰名词或位于系动词后作表语,应填形容词;如果用来修饰动词、副词、形容词或整个句子,则填副词。2. 观察句中是否有表示比较的提示词than,表示比较范围的in/of短语、定语从句或含有比较级的固定句式,如“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构等,再根据语 境判断是否需要填形容词或副词的比较等级命题 深度解读应试 能力点拨语法 必备知识高考 变式训练目 录第 8 页第二部分 高考语法点拨形容词、副词与短文改错1. 注意形容词和副

6、词之间的误用:如果修饰名词,要用形容词;如果修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,要用副词。作定语、表语或宾补时,要用形容 词;作状语时应该用副词。2. 注意比较范围,判断形式是否正确。如果是两者之间的比较,则用比较级;如 果是三者或三者以上的比较,则用最高级。3. 注意比较级前是否误加了more。4. 注意含有比较级的固定句式是否准确。5. 注意一些习惯表达中形容词或副词的形式。如soonerorlater、whats more/worse等命题 深度解读应试 能力点拨语法 必备知识高考 变式训练目 录 语法 必备知识考点二考点一第 9 页第二部分 高考语法点拨命题 深度解读应试 能力点拨语法

7、必备知识高考 变式训练语法必备知识形容词和副词的类别1.形容词可分为定语形容词和表语形容词。定语形容词位于名词前,修饰名词;表语形容词位于系动词后,作系动词的表语。(2019浙江,阅读理解)This medal was very precious to my parents. 这枚奖章对我父母来说非常珍贵。(2018全国,阅读理解)Join a guided bike tour and view some of themost popular monuments in Washington, DC. 加入一个有向导的自行第 10 页第二部分 高考语法点拨考点一考点二语法必备知识车旅行团并观看一

8、些在华盛顿特区最受欢迎的纪念碑。(2019全国,阅读理解)For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion.对于希尔来说,在谈论时尚时,不可能不谈论中国作为领头羊的地位。The little boy is still asleep. 小男孩仍然在睡觉。2.副词一般分为时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、关系副词、连接副词等。(1)时间副词如now、usually、often、always等。第 11 页第二部分 高考语法点拨考点一考点二语

9、法必备知识(2)地点副词如here、there、out、everywhere等。(3)方式副词如hard、fast、slowly等。(4)程度副词如very、much、still、almost等。(5)疑问副词如how、when、why、where等。(6)关系副词如when、where、why等。(7)连接副词如whether、why、when、how等。 usuallyveryMike wascareful,yet this timehe made a smallmistake. 迈克通常很仔细,但这次他犯了个小错误。第 12 页第二部分 高考语法点拨考点一考点二语法必备知识Jim wen

10、t to answer the phone. Meanwhile,Harry started to prepare lunch. 吉姆去接电话。与此同时,哈里开始准备午饭。When to start has not been decided. 什么时候出发还没有决定。第 13 页第二部分 高考语法点拨易错警示有些形容词作表语时,句子的主语不能是指人的词。如convenient、difficult、necessary、pleasant等。以-ly结尾的形容词。如friendly、lovely、lively、lonely、elderly等。仅作定语的形容词。如little、many、live、on

11、ly、elder等。考点一考点二语法必备知识第 14 页第二部分 高考语法点拨意义有别的同根副词:close接近closely紧密地hard努力地hardly几乎不late晚;迟lately近来wide充分地widely广泛地high高highly非常;高标准地deep深深地deeply极其;深沉地;强烈地考点一考点二语法必备知识原级、比较级和最高级 Tip1基本用法1.两者相比(甲=乙),用“as+原级+as”表示。For cheerleaders,their sport is just as serious as baseball or football.对啦啦队来说,他们的运动就像棒球或

12、足球一样重要。第 15 页第二部分 高考语法点拨考点一考点二语法必备知识。2.两者相比(甲乙),用“比较级+than”表示。(2019全国,阅读理解)But in this experiment what theyre doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one. 但 在这个实验中,他们所做的是更多地关注大数字而不是小数字。4. 三个或三个以上的人或事物比较,表示最大程度时,用“最高级+比较范围”。During the 1990s,Michael Jordan was probably the bes

13、t known basketball player in the world. 在20世纪90年代,迈克尔乔丹可能是世界上最著名的篮球运动员。第 17 页第二部分 高考语法点拨考点一考点二语法必备知识特殊用法Tip21.“比较级+and+比较级”和“more and more+原级”表示“越来越其反义表达为“less and less+原级”。In many ways my disability has made me more and more indepen.dent在许多方面,我的残疾已使我越来越独立。”,2.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越,就越”。The more upse

14、t I got, the lessI was able to concentrate. 我 越是沮丧,就越难以集中精力。第 18 页第二部分 高考语法点拨考点一考点二语法必备知识3.“more+原级+than+原级”表示“与其说,不如说”。The girl was more frightened thanhurt. 与其说这个女孩受伤了,不如说她吓坏了。4.“more than+主语+can+谓语”表示“非所能;不能”。The beauty of the city is more than I can describe. 这座城市的美不是我所能描述的。5.形容词比较级前一般不用冠词,但如果出现

15、了表示范围的词,就需要加定冠词。第 19 页第二部分 高考语法点拨考点一考点二语法必备知识Of the two sisters,Mary is the cleverer. 在这两姐妹中,玛丽更聪明。6.“the+形容词原级”表示一类人或物。the old / poor / rich 老人/穷人/富人第 20 页第二部分 高考语法点拨易错警示“most+形容词原级”意为“非常;十分”,此时most相当于very。a most beautiful city一座非常美丽的城市I am most happy to get your email. 我很高兴收到你的电子邮件。考点一考点二语法必备知识 Ti

16、p3比较级表示最高级1.在某个特定范围内对同类事物进行对比时可用以下比较级结构表示最高级含义:any other+单数可数名词比较级+than+the other+复数名词anyone/anything elseany of the other+复数名词第 21 页第二部分 高考语法点拨考点一考点二语法必备知识China is larger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲其他任何国家都大。2.never+谓语+a+形容词比较级+单数可数名词I have never heard a better voice. 我从未听过比这更好的声音。第 22 页第二

17、部分高考语法点拨易错警示以下是常见的无比较级和最高级的形容词及副词:relative、absolute、perfect、entire、senior、golden、afraid、unique、present、simply、right、wrong、sure、round、empty等考点一考点二目 录 高考 变式训练第 23 页第二部分 高考语法点拨命题 深度解读应试 能力点拨语法 必备知识高考 变式训练高考变式训练全国卷单句填空/单句改错1.(2019 全 国 ,62)It is difficult to figure out a global population of bears as muc

18、h of the range has been poorly(poor) studied.polarcongregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the(错觉)thatpopulationsare higher(high)thantheyactuallymay beillusionare.第 24 页第二部分 高考语法点拨根据空后的than可知,此处用high的比较级。2.此(20处19应全用国副词,68作)S状cie语nt修ist饰s 谓ha语ve动re词sp。onded by noting that hungry bearsA

19、卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练3.(2019全国,短文改错)I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly backhardlyhardto the playground.4.(2019全国,70)We are so proud of her. Its wonderful (wonder).第 25 页第二部分 高考语法点拨本句是主系表结构,故用形容词作表语。此处句意为“我截住了球并用力地将它踢回操场”。hardly意为“几乎不”,hard意为“用力地”,故将hardly改为hard。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练5.(2019全国,短文改错)First, I

20、 wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly.coollycool6.(2019全国,短文改错)They were two reasons for the decision.TheyThere第 26 页第二部分高考语法点拨此处是there be句型,表示“有”。looked在这里表示“看起来”,是系动词,后接形容词作表语。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练7.(2019全国,短文改错)One was that I was amazed at the fact that asick person could feel much m

21、ore better after seeing a doctor.去掉more8.(2019全国,61)Onourhelpwaytothehowhouse,itwsaosraininghardthatwecouldntwonderinglongitwouldtaketoget第 27 页第二部分高考语法点拨thseor.e.that是固定结构，意为“如此以至于”。此处much修饰well的比较级better,表示程度。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练9.(2019全国,67)They also shared with us many traditional(tradition)stories

22、about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.10.(2019全国,短文改错)What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe butordinarilyordinarya very special one.第 28 页第二部分 高考语法点拨此处应用形容词作cafe的定语,故将ordinarily改为ordinary。此处应用形容词作stories的定语。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练11.(2018全国,61) According to a review of evidence in a medi

23、caljournal, runners live three years longer(long) than non-runners.12.(2018全国,短文改错) I felt happily that their life had improved.happilyhappy第 29 页第二部分 高考语法点拨本句中felt是系动词,后面应用形容词作表语,故将happily 改为happy。根据后面的than可知,此处用long的比较级。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练13.(2018全国,63) A taste for meat is actually(actual) behind the

24、change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs,and cattle.14.(2018 全 国 ,67) According to the World Bank, China accountsfor about 30 percent of total global(globe) fertilizer consumption.。第 30 页第二部分 高考语法点拨本空和total一起修饰名词短语fertilizer consumption,故填形容词global此处应用副词作状语,修饰介词短语behind t

25、he change。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练15.(2018全国,63).andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreams the loudest(loud) of all.16.(2018全国,短文改错) I was afraid to speak in front of a largerlargerlargegroup of people.第 31 页第二部分 高考语法点拨由语境可知,此处不含比较关系,因此将larger改为large。a large group of指“一大群”。the和of all均提示了此处应用最高级,因此填loudest。A卷全国

26、卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练17.(2018全国,短文改错)Immediate, I raised my hand.ImmediateImmediately18.(2017全国,69)However,be carefu(lcare)nottogotoextremes.第 32 页第二部分高考语法点拨系动词be后面应接形容词作表语。此处应用副词修饰后面的整个句子。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练19.(2017全国,短文改错)It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop justsuddenlysuddenin the middle of the roa

27、d.20.(2017全国,短文改错)Iwhich direction was left.wasso much nervous that去掉muchIcouldhardlytell第 33 页第二部分 高考语法点拨固定结构so. that.表示“如此以至于”,且nervous是形容词,直接跟在so后面,故much是多余的。此处应用形容词修饰名词stop。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练21.(2017全国,短文改错)A fewminutes late, the instructor asked latelatermetostop the car.22.(

28、2017 全 国 ,66)Steam engines were used to pull the carriagesand itmust have been fairly(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all thesmoke and noise.第 34 页第二部分 高考语法点拨unpleasant是形容词,所以其前应用副词来修饰。a few minutes later表示“几分钟后”。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练23.(2017全国,70)The Central London Railway was one of the most(

29、succesu)cocfestshfeusle new lines, and was opened in 1900.24.(2017全国,70)Itis certainly(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittle unreal.第 35 页第二部分 高考语法点拨修饰形容词fun应用副词形式。根据语境和空格前的the most可知,此处应用形容词,与the most一起构成最高级。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练25.(2017全国,短文改错)Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsof cars and planes, playing po

30、p music, and collecting the latest musicalbums.differencedifferent。26.(2016 全 国 ,61)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify ( 识 别 ) those of greater(great)and less importance.第 36 页第二部分 高考语法点拨根据后面的less可知,此处也应用比较级。修饰名词kinds应用形容词形式,故将difference改为diffe

31、rentA卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练27.(2016全国,短文改错)The teenage years from 13 to 19 were themost difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse yearsworse worstin my life.28.(2016全国,短文改错)Atonetime,Ievenfeltmyparentscouldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.freely free第 37 页第二部分高考语法点拨系动词

32、be后面应用形容词作表语,故将freely改为free。此处与前面的best并列,应用最高级,故将worse改为worst。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练29.(2016全国,短文改错)Instead,grow steady.hehopesthathisbusinesswillsteadysteadily30.(2016全国,65)So, get an early start and try to be as productive aspossible before lunch.第 38 页第二部分 高考语法点拨固定表达as. as possible“尽可能”。修饰谓语动词grow应用副词。

33、A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练31.(2016 全 国 ,66)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily withtwigs which gradually (gradual)turned into chopsticks.第 39 页第二部分 高考语法点拨此处应用副词修饰后面的动词短语。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练地方卷单句填空1.(2019浙江,60)When thechildren are walking or cycling to schoolon dark mornings, car drivers can easily(easy) s

34、ee them.第 40 页第二部分高考语法点拨修饰句中的动词see应用副词。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练2.(2019浙江,65)Schooluniformsare traditional(tradition)inBritain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them.3.(2019北京,10)Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollege before thinking about which college to attend, and its never too early

35、to make necessary preparations for a healthy andmeaningful(meaning)college experience.第 41 页第二部分 高考语法点拨此处与前面的healthy并列,修饰后面的college experience,故此处也要用形容词。系动词are后面应用形容词作表语。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练4.(2019 天 津 ,9)Kate heard a mans voice in the background, but shecouldnt make outwhat he was saying.5.(2019天津,15)A

36、 dogs eating habit requires regular training beforeit is properly (proper) established.第 42 页第二部分 高考语法点拨此处是副词修饰动词。make out“辨认出;理解”。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练6.(2019江苏,28)Unliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeopleflexible (flexibility) options to exercise.7.(2018浙江,62)The obvious one is money; eating out

37、once or twice aweek may be affordable (afford) but doing this most days adds up.第 43 页第二部分 高考语法点拨系动词be后用形容词作表语,表示“负担得起的”,应填affordable。此处应用形容词修饰后面的名词。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练8.(2017浙江,60)Sixteenyears(early),Pahlssonhadearlierremoved the diamond ring to cook a meal.9.(2017浙江,58)Pahlssonscreamed soloudlythatherdaughter came running from the house.第 44 页第二部分高考语法点拨固定结构so.that.表示“如此以至于”。sixteen years earlier表示“16年前”。A卷全国卷B卷地方卷高考变式训练A卷全国卷B卷地方卷10.(2016 浙 江 ,18)I have always enjoye