于老师定语从句专题

1、定语从句(I)一 定语从句概念1)在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。2)先行词: 被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个名词，代词或整个主句。 如：A letter that is written in pencil is difficult to read. _ You can take anything that you like. _ He didnt pass the exam, which made his parents angry. _3)关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有：_,_,_,_,_,_. 关系副词有

2、：_,_,_.关系词的作用有三个：引导定语从句 代替先行词 在定语从句中担当一个成分。二关系代词的基本用法：观察下面的句子，归纳关系代词的用法并填写下面表格。 The girl who/that is standing there is Mary. Do you know the girl whose dress is blue. These are the trees which/that were planted last year.The book which/that I bought yesterday is very interesting.Hes a man whom/who/t

3、hat we should learn from. China is the country that it used to be.Ive never seen such a talented young man as he is.As we know, Taiwan is a part of China. This is the same book as I bought yesterday.关系代词先行词关系代词在从句中做指人指物主语宾语表语定语whowhomwhichthatwhoseas三关系副词的基本用法This is the house where/in which I lived

4、 last year.I will never forget the day when /on which I met the foreigner.Do you know the reason why/for which he came late yesterday? when 在定语从句中做_ 相当于介词+whichwhere 在定语从句中做_ 相当于介词+whichwhy 在定语从句中做_ 相当于_+which四关系代词与介词1. 当介词放在关系代词前时，只能用关系代词which，whom，whose且关系代词一律不能省略。I want to find the pen _ which I

5、wrote that letter.The engineer _whose department I work gave me the paper.I didnt recognize the lady _ whom you spoke just now.2. 模糊地点类名词（situation形势，情况；point/case情况；scene情景） 当先行词是如上的模糊地点名词时，也可使用关系副词where（相当于in which）occasion(时机) 为模糊时间1. And theres one point where Id like your advice.2. Hes got hims

6、elf into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.3. I can think of many cases where cultural differences really exist.即学即练：1. Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. A that B which C who D where2. We will be shown aroun

7、d the city schools, museums, and some other places, _ other visitors seldom go. A what B which C where D when 3. You can find whatever you need at the shopping center, _ is always busy at the weekend. A that B where C what D which4. Today, well discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail t

8、o use the language properly. A which B as C why D where5. I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A how B which C where D that6. Were just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. A where B that C when D which7. -Do you have anything to say

9、for yourselves?-Yes, there is one point _ we must insist on. A why B where C how D /8. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing. A when B whose C which D where9. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. A who B w

10、hich C why D when10. Shell never forget her stay there _ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. A that B which C where D when二改错1. There are a lot of people plant trees there.2. The tomatoes were on the table were given to you.3. The book, I bought yesterday, is Harry Potter.4. Jac

11、kson is a man whom I believe him to be honest.5. We shall visit the school where your father has worked there for many years.三填空1. I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together.2. September is the month _comes after August. September is the month _ we usually return

12、 to school.3. She didnt tell me the place _ she was born. She didnt tell me the place _ she was born in.4. That is the reason _ he gave me. That is the reason _ he didnt come yesterday.5, This is the plane in _ I went to Beijing. This is the plane _ I took to Beijing. 定语从句(II)一that和which的不同A.在下列情况下,

13、 一般用that而不用which。(1)先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。I am sure she has something that you can borrow(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few等修饰时。Ive read all the books that are not mine.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。This is the first/best book that he has read.(4

14、)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。This is the very book that belongs to him.(5)先行词既有人又有物时.We talked about the persons and the things that we can remember. (6) 当要避免与疑问词which重复时. Which is the book that belongs to me？ (7)先行词在主语句中作表语,而关系代词在从句中也作表语时。 Beijing is no longer the city that is use

15、d to be.B.在下列情况下, 一般用which而不用that。(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前） Those are many trees under which they can have a rest.(2)在非限制性定语从句中 Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.C用that 和which 填空1.Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police.2.He paid the

16、 boy 80yuan for washing his windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.3.The second book _I want to read is Travels in China.4.This is the house in _ my parents once lived.5.He said he hadnt read the book ,_ is true.6.The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.7.Those a

17、re the very words _ he used. 8.Whih is the car _ was made in Shanghai.二关系代词as 和which 的区别搭配上,as多用于such as, so as“像一样的”，“像之类” the sameas“和同样的等结构中。如：I have the same book as you have . Such people as you say are short now. He is so clever a boy as everyone likes.比较such . as 和such that /so as和so that 的区别

18、 Here is such a big ( so big a )stone as no one can lift. _ 从句_ 成分Here is such a big ( so big a ) stone that no one can lift it. _ 从句_ 成分as引导的非限制定语定语从句可位于主句之前，之后，而which 只能位于主句之后。As we all know, smoking is harmful to ones health . He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.which 引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句，

19、意思是“这件事”；as 不可以。He sold his bicycle, which surprised me.当非限制定语从句是否定句或表示否定时只能用which. He treated me like a baby, which I cant bear.as 引导非限制定语从句常有“如同，正像 的含义” as we know/ as is known to all , as we all can see, as has been said before/ above, as has been pointed out, as is often the case, as might be ex

20、pected, as often happens 等，一般不用which 代替as. He won the first prize, as often happens.三特殊注意1. who 和 that 指代人时，下面情况下宜用who, 而不宜用that先行词为anyone, anybody, those, all, they, he, people时. 如：1)The person I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works well.2)Anyone who is not fit for their work sh

21、ould leave office at once3)Those who are not fit for their work should leave office at once2. whose +n= the +n +of which = of which +the+ n I am living in the house whose door is red. I am living in the house _ is red. I am living in the house _ is red.3.当先行词是way (意为“方式，方法”)时，引导定语从句的关系代词有下列三种形式。 The

22、 way that/which/不填he explained to us was quite simple. way 为_关系词作_ The way that /in which/不填 he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. way 为_关系词作_4. one of +复数名词+关系代词+复数谓语 the one/the only one +复数名词+关系代词+单数谓语 He is the one of the students who _ won the prize. He is one of the

23、students who _ won the prize. 5. Is this +the +n.+关系词+定语从句 Is this the book that you want? Is this +n.+ the one +定语从句 Is this book the one that you want?即学即练：1. _ I explain on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. A When B After C As D Since2. _ has been announced, we shall

24、 have our final exams next month. A That B As C It D What 3. _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A Which B When C What D As4. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.

25、 A who B that C as D which5. The Beatles, _ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. A what B that C how D as6. I am at least _ age _ Robert if I am not older than he. A the same; as B the same; with C as same; as7. The driver and his car _ fell into the river have not yet been d

26、iscovered. A what B that C who D which8. George Orwell, _ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. A the real name B what his real name C his real name D whose real name.9. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _ effects the people are still suffering. A that

27、B whose C those D what10. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, _ he studied very hard and was made chairman of the Students Union. A during which time B for which time C during whose time D by that time.二完成句子1. He has to have lessons on Sundays, _(这他一点也不喜欢)2. It might snow this w

28、eekend, _(在这种情况下)we wont go hiking in the mountains.3. They rushed over to help the man _(他的车坏了)4. He is a teacher, _( 这一点可以看出来) from his manner.5. The driver and his car _(掉入河里的司机与车子)have not yet been discovered.三 填空1. Anyone _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.2. Those _ want to go

29、 to the Great Wall sign up here.3. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police.4. He was very rude to the customs officer, _ of course made things even worse.5. There was little _ the doctor could do for the patient.6. The first place _ well visit in London is Buckingham Palac

30、e.定语从句(III)特殊的定语从句 考点一：分割定语从句1.I was the only person in my office who was invited. 先行词_2.Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to see you? 先行词_3.The day will surely come when everybody realizes the danger of pollution. 先行词_4.China has produced many great writers over the past ten y

31、ears, among whom was Mo Yan. 先行词_总结归纳:分割定语从句：先行词与定语从句被其他成分分割时，首先要根据句子意义确定先行词和定语从句，然后选择合适的关系词。即学即练：1.The film brought the hours back to me_ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where2. The village has developed a lot_ we learned farming two years ago. A. when

32、 B. which C. that D. where3.Occasions are quite rare_ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. A. who B. which C. why D. when考点二：含有插入语的定语从句1. Ahead of me I saw a woman who I thought was my aunt. who作_成分2. I will hire the man who they say is a good English speaker. who作_成分3. The girl who you supp

33、ose is honest is her sister. who作_成分总结归纳：关系词后含有插入语you think/suppose/believe/imagine/say/guess等的定语从句中，确定关系词在从句中的成分时，要先去掉插入语，然后再确定其成分，不要受插入语的影响。即学即练：1.He made another wonderful discovery,_ of great importance to science.A. which I think is B. I think which it C. which I think it D. I think which is2.

34、A fast food restaurant is the place _, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly. A. which B. where C. there D. what3. Jackson is a man in my office_ I believe is honest. A. who B. whom C. which D. in which4. Jackson is a man in my office_ I believe (to be) honest. A. which B. whom C. w

35、here D. in which考点三：省略式定语从句：“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构1.I have no pen with which I can write.=I have no pen with which_ write.=I have no pen to write with.2.He is the best man with whom we can discuss the matter.=He is the best man with whom_ discuss the matter.即学即练：1. Franks dream was to have his own shop_ to

36、 produce the working of his own hands. A. that B. in which C. by which D. how2. Fred has some money in the bank,_ to help his mother. A. that B. how C. by which D. with which考点四：多重（并列）定语从句翻译下列句子，体会其中关系代词的意义和用法1.She said she would never forget the moment when she first met Jim and which she regarded

37、as the happiest in her life.2. Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.即学即练：1.I shall never forget these years_ I lived in the country with the farmers, _has a great effect on my life. A. that; which B. when; which C. which; that D. when; who2.The genera

38、l at last got a chance to visit the village_ he used to fight, _he had been dreaming of for years. A. that; which B. where; that C. in which; what D. where; which3.I can never forget the day_ we worked together and the day_ we spent together. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which;

39、when 定语从句(IV)定语从句与其他易混句型的对比和区别考点一：定语从句与并列句的区别.并列句用分号(;)或连接词and, but来连接。定语句子用关系词来引导，关系词有两个作用：一是放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接（主句和从句）作用；二是充当从句中的一个成分。1.Mr. Li has three daughters, none of whom is an engineer._2.Mr. Li has three daughters, but none of them is a dancer._3.Mr.Li has three daughters; none/they are doctor

40、s._即学即练：1.She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that2. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but_ didnt help. A. it B. she C. which D. he3. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of_ hadnt been cleaned for at l

41、east a year. A. these B. those C. that D. which4. He has two children, and both of_ are abroad. A. them B. which C. whom D. who考点二：where 定语从句与where 地点状语从句的区别 where引导的定语从句用来修饰表示地点意义的_或_,可以改成_+_. where引导的地点状语从句用来修饰_,表示动作发生或存在的地点，不可改成介词+which.1.He left the key where he had been an hour ago._2.He left t

42、he place where he lived for many years._3.Rice grows well where there is enough water._4.I still remember the farm where/on which my parents worked ten years ago._即学即练：1.If you are traveling_ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A. in which B. what C. when D. where

43、2.Mom, what did your doctor say? -He advised me to live_ the air is fresher. A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where3.The famous scientist grew up_ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai. A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever4.Some pre-school children go to a day care center,_ th

44、ey learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where考点三：定语从句与强调句的区别去掉it is/wasthat后，句子仍然完整的是强调句。去掉了it bethat后，句子不完整的是定语从句。1.It is on the morning of May 1st that I met John at the airport._从句2.It is the factory where/in which John works._从句3.It is in Qingdao youre going to pay a visit

45、to that this kind of washing machine is produced._从句即学即练：1.It was Johnson, _studied very hard, _often offered us help. A. that; that B. who; which C. who; that D. that; who2.Could it be in the meeting room _you had talked with me last night_ you left behind keys? A. that; where B. which; that C. whe

46、re; that D. where; where3.Was_ at the air battle on June 8,1944,_ was led by Captain Johnson, _Peter lost his life? A. it; when; that B. that; that; who C. it; which; that D. it; which; when考点四：定语从句与结果状语从句的区别定语从句：such/the sameas中,as是_,其后句子（完整/不完整），as在从句中充当成分(主、宾或表语)。结果状语从句：suchthat从句中，that后的句子是（完整/不

47、完整），that只起连接作用。1.I have the same computer as you have._2.She is such a kind girl that all of us like to make friends with her._3.He is such a good teacher as we all love and respect._4.He is such a good teacher that we all love and respect him._即学即练：1.These houses are sold at such a low price_ peopl

48、e expected. A. like B. as C. that D. which2.His plan was such a good one_ we all agreed to accept it. A. so B. and C. that D. as考点五：that引导同位语从句与that引导定语从句的区别1. The text tells me a fact (that)I have already known._从句，从句（完整/不完整），that作_成分，（可以/不可）省略。2.The text tells me a fact that smoking does harm to p

49、eoples health._从句，从句（完整/不完整），that(作/不作)成分，（可以/不可）省略。即学即练：1.Dorissuccess lies in the fact_ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. A. which B. that C. when D. why2.A warm thought suddenly came to me_ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday. A. if B. when C

50、. that D. which考点六：it, as与what 三种句型的转换1.What is well known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games were a great success. What连接的_从句，what作_成分2.It is well known to us all that the 2008 Olympic Games were a great success. It作_;_从句3.As is well known to us all, the 2008 Olympic Games were a great succes

51、s. as引导的为_从句即学即练：1._ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. What2. _ is known to us all is that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London. A. It B. What C. As D. Which即学即练：1.Later cases will be introduced to readers_ consumer complaints ha