应用型研究生英语系列教材研究生英语应用教程

1、应用型研究生英语系列教材,A Practical English Course for Postgraduate Students,研究生英语应用教程,Back,Next,Unit 1,Unit Two,Table of Contents,Reading,Back,Next,Reading Passage A,1. flagship universities A flagship university refers to the leading comprehensive public research university in a given U.S. state. Flagship un

2、iversities are usually the largest public institutions of higher learning in the state and are generally well-known nationally. They are also typically research intensive and Ph.D. granting institutions and are usually the oldest public university in a state university system.,Notes,Reading,Back,Nex

3、t,Reading Passage A,2. higher education in China There are over 2,000 universities and colleges in China, with more than six million enrollments in total. China has set up a degree system, including Bachelors, Masters and Doctoral degrees that are open to foreign students. The country offers non-deg

4、ree programs as well. Since China began to develop a Western-oriented university model at the end of nineteenth century, Chinese higher education has continued to evolve. Since the late 1980s, tremendous economic development in China has stimulated reforms in higher education that have resulted in r

5、emarkable changes.,Reading,Back,Next,Reading Passage A,Comprehension,Discuss the following questions with your partners.,1. Are you satisfied with your university education? Why or why not? 2. Do you believe your secondary education is not good enough to get you well-prepared for higher education? 3

6、.Should higher education attach greater importance to research or teaching?,Reading,Back,Next,Reading Passage B,1. status quo Status quo is a Latin term meaning “the present existing state of affairs, or the situation as it was before a recent change”. To maintain the status quo is to keep the thing

7、s the way they currently are.,Notes,Reading Passage B,Notes,2. African-American African-Americans or black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa. In the United States, the term is generally used for Americans with at least

8、 partial Sub-Saharan African ancestry. Most African-Americans are the descendants of captive Africans who survived the slavery era within the boundaries of the present United States, although some are or are descended from voluntary immigrants from Africa, the Caribbean, Central America, South Ameri

9、ca, or elsewhere. African-Americans make up the single largest racial minority in the United States, though Hispanics compose the largest ethnic minority.,Back,Next,Reading Passage B,Notes,Back,Next,3. property tax Property tax, or millage tax, is an ad valorem tax（从价税）that an owner pays on the valu

10、e of the property being taxed. The taxing authority requires and/or performs an appraisal of the monetary value of the property, and tax is assessed in proportion to that value. Forms of property tax used vary between countries and jurisdictions. In the US, property taxes are imposed by counties, mu

11、nicipalities, and school districts, where the millage rate is usually determined by county commissioners, city council members, and school board members, respectively. The taxes fund budgets for schools, police, fire stations, hospitals, garbage disposal, sewers, road and sidewalk maintenance, parks

12、, libraries, and miscellaneous expenditures.,Reading Passage B,Back,Next,Notes,4. The No Child Left Behind Act The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (Public Law 107-110), often abbreviated in print as NCLB and sometimes shortened in pronunciation to “nickelbee”, is a controversial United States feder

13、al law (Act of Congress) that reauthorized a number of federal programs aiming to improve the performance of U.S. primary and secondary schools by increasing the standards of accountability for states, school districts, and schools, as well as providing parents more flexibility in choosing which sch

14、ools their children will attend. Visiting Hamilton High School in Hamilton, Ohio, Jan. 8, 2002, President George W. Bush signed into law The No Child Left Behind Act.,Reading Passage B,Notes,5. culture of poverty Based on the culture of poverty concept, the poor have a unique value system. The cultu

15、re of poverty theory suggests the poor remain in poverty because of their adaptations to the burdens of poverty.,Back,Next,Reading,Back,Next,Reading Passage B,Comprehension,Answer the following questions.,Speaking,Speaking,Brainstorming,Work in groups. Think out as many words and expressions as poss

16、ible about the following topics.,Synonyms for Leisure Activities elementary school high school public school _ Curriculum mandatory history courses _ _,junior middle/high school senior middle/high school private school college university normal school comprehensive school technical school vocational

17、 school trade school,compulsory selective courses humanities art music history social science physical science physical education (PE),Back,Next,Speaking,Back,Next,Speaking,Educational System teachers board members administrators _ _ Higher Education academic freedom scholarship matriculation _ _ _

18、_,faculty pupils students education department/bureau educators enrollment recruit,creativity flexibility research tuition public budget library lab/laboratory teaching assistant lecturer associate professor professor instructor president dean college university institute student union campus commun

19、ity,Speaking,Back,Next,Developing Countries Brazil Russia India _,China Chile Egypt Cuba Jordan,Speaking,Back,Next,Speaking,Discussion,I. Have you ever studied abroad or visited schools in other parts of the world? How do you compare the primary/secondary/higher education systems in Western countrie

20、s and China? How do you compare the university you graduated from and the one you are now studying in? II. Do you think college cultures tend to be influenced by local cultures? Why? III. Name two or three universities you like most and state the reasons. IV. Do you have any part-time jobs? Do you a

21、gree that they benefit a post-graduate even at the cost of time for academic learning? V. Do you believe that campus love leads to a happy marriage?,Speaking,Presentation Practice,Introductions can become repetitive, and its important to maintain the attention of the audience by varying the words yo

22、u use. You should do your best to have a range of words and expressions available to you. Replace each expression in italics in the introduction below with one from the list.,Back,Next,d, c, h, f, i, e, a, b, g,Translation,Back,Next,Translation,Exercises,I. Translate the following sentences into Chi

23、nese.,1. Dont treat me like a guest. 2. Like charges dispel, unlike charges attract. 3. Land animals are thought to have developed from sea animals. 4. Our country is planning to develop the northwestern region. 5. I would like to develop this idea a little more fully before I go on to my next point

24、.,别像对待客人那样对待我。,电荷同性相斥，异性相吸。,我国正在计划开发西北地区。,一般认为陆地动物是从海洋动物进化来的。,在讲下一点之前，我想把这一点阐述得更充分一些。,Translation,Back,Next,Translation,6. In every Chinese city, we got into the streets, shops, parks, theatres and restaurants. 7. For me, teaching is a red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession. 8. Better be w

25、ise by the defeat of others than by your own. 9. He put his hands in his pockets and then shrugged his shoulders.,在中国，我们每到一个城市都会逛大街，兜商场，游公园，上剧院，下饭馆。,对我而言，教书这一职业让人经常熬红双眼、手心出汗、精神沮丧。,他把手插进口袋里，（然后）耸了耸肩。,从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训要好。,Translation,Back,Next,Translation,10. A solar cell is reproductive by itse

26、lf under any circumstances.,太阳能电池在任何情况下都可以自行充电。,11. The image must be dimensionally correct.,图像尺寸必须正确。,12. This new device is chiefly featured by its convenience of operation.,这台新装置的主要特点是易于操作。,13. They serve their motherland with devotion and loyalty.,他们忠心耿耿报效祖国。,14. He is a man with a reputation fo

27、r honesty.,他享有诚实的好名声。,15. He is a man of integrity, but unfortunately he has certain reputation.,他是个正直的人，却不幸有着某种坏名声。,Translation,Back,Next,Translation,II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.,Translation,Back,Next,Translation,Translation,Back,Next,Translation,III. Translate the underlined parts of the passages in the READING section into Chinese.,Translation,Back,Next,Translation,Passage A 很多学生在进入大学时学习基础较为薄弱。其根源在于初等教育和中等教育的落后，以及学生对所学科目缺乏选择性。而高等教育机构几乎没有针对这些学生而设置的补救性课程。 文化传统和基础设施的限制通常使学生选择诸如人文科学和艺术这样的学科，这些学科的就业机会有限，经常导致“毕业即失业”的状况。 与此同时，合格的理科毕业生却供不应求。在某些国家，女性只学习与其传统角色相一致的科目，而不是学习能在人