完全整理 高考英语写作技巧 非常实用,快速提升

1、高考书面表达之句子写作技巧(一) 如何写好简单句(二) 简单句的高级形式(三) 用高级结构让句子靓起来(四) 介词短语与with结构等专练(五) 非谓语动词短语和强调结构等专练(六) 简单句合并成复合句(七) 并列复合句和主从复合句(八) 如何做到篇章结构的连贯(九) 议论文的语篇连接词高中书面表达指导一：如何写好简单句 当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时称为简单句。句子的两个主要组成部分是主语和谓语，而谓语都是由动词构成的。因此，动词在句子中起着极其重要的作用。在英语中，各类动词后有不同的结构，从而构成不同的句型，抓住动词及它们引起的各种句型，就会对英语句子有一个总的概念。简单句大体上可以分为下

2、面五种类型：1.主语+不及物动词 The little baby smiled.婴儿笑了。2.主语+及物动词+宾语 Lily knows French.莉莉懂法语。 Everybody laughed at that ugly boy.每个人都嘲笑那个丑陋的男孩。3.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 My grandmother told me a story. 我的奶奶给我讲了一个故事。 My uncle bought a new computer for me. 我的叔叔给我买了一台新电脑。4.主语+系动词+表语 The food is (tastes) very delicious.

3、食物尝起来非常美味。5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 The news made us surprised.这消息使我们很吃惊。 Miss Wang told me not to be discouraged.王女士告诉我别气馁。即时练习连词成句1.at,red,face,news,her,turned,the2.we,bus,catch,so as to,got,first,up,the,early3.a,made,she,dress,beautiful,me4.first,my,made,homework,me,do,my mother5.found,with,family,to,it

4、,your,very,I,pleasant,be简单句型的高级形式 简单句其实也可以不简单，若将简单句与非谓语动词短语、形容词短语、同位语、独立主格结构等巧妙结合在一起，不但可以表达更丰富的内容，而且可以使句子变得更精彩，充分显示你的英语表达实力。1.同位语：I want to have a pen friend, hopefully a girl in her early twenties and with interests similar to mine.我想有一个笔友，希望是一个二十出头且兴趣相投的女孩子。 （同位语中又有两个并列的介词短语修饰）2.形容词短语：Born in Amer

5、ica, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.出生于美国的托马斯爱迪生是一个伟大的科学家和发明家。3.不定式短语： In order to study well，we need to do sports.为了学习好，我们需要体育运动4.现在分词短语：In this picture, a mother bird stays in her nest in a big tree, watching her babies flying away .在这幅图中，一个鸟妈妈呆在一棵大树的鸟巢里，观看她的鸟仔飞走。5.过去分词短语： Compar

6、ed with letters and public phones, mobile phones and the Internet are faster and much more convenient.与信件和公用电话相比，手机和网络更快也更方便。6.介词短语：Instead of giving us answer immediately，he encourages us to think by ourselves.他鼓励我们独立思考，而不是马上告诉我们答案。简单句的扩展 句子的扩展，就是在名词前后加上前置或后置定语，在动词、形容词或者副词前后加上适当的状语，或增加修饰整个句子的状语，等等，

7、其目的是使结构形式更饱满、内容表达更加清楚、语言表达更生动。【例1】对The man was famous.（主语+系动词+表语）一句进行扩展，可得到以下一些句子：a. The man named Mike was a famous student.(划线部分为定语)b. At the age of seventeen, the man was very famous because of being good at playing the piano.(划线部分为状语)【例2】对The student jumped.（主语+谓语）一句进行扩展，可得到以下一些句子：a. The naughty

8、 student jumped .（划线部分为定语）b. Hearing the good news, the naughty student in class jumped with joy without any hesitation.（划线部分为状语）【例3】对Chinese are making China more powerful.（主语+谓语+宾语+宾补）一句进行扩展，可得到以下一些句子：a. Hard-working and open-minded Chinese are making China full of resources more powerful.（划线部分为定语

9、）b. With time going on, hard-working and open-minded Chinese are making full of resources more powerful than before as expected.（划线部分为状语）简单句合并成并列句或复合句 有时为了使句子的连贯性更强，表达更为贴切、自然，我们在两个或者多个简单句之间加上and,but, or（或者，否则），for（因为），while（而，却），when（就在这个时候）等并列连词，就成为并列复合句。如： 1. They were happy. They deserved their h

10、appiness. They were happy and they deserved their happiness. 2. You must hurry. Youll miss the plane.You must hurry or youll miss the plane.3. Honey is sweet. The bee stings. Honey is sweet, but the bee stings. 在两个或者多个简单句之间加上when, after, as, because, where, which, who等从属连词，可以使简单句变成复合句，从而扩展成高级句子。如： 1

11、. I forgot to post the letter. I wrote it yesterday.（改为含定语从句的复合句）I forgot to post the letter which I wrote yesterday. 2. He missed the first bus. He came to school late.（改为含状语从句的复合句）Because he missed the first bus, he came to school late.He missed the first bus, so he came to school late.经典句子背诵：1. C

12、ompared with the education at home, education in foreign countries pays more attention to cultivating the students ability and offer better studying conditions.2. The students will have to spend a lot of time and energy getting used to their new life, which is unnecessary if they are at home.3. Livi

13、ng on campus can help develop a good habit of studying and living. Besides, we can spend less time on the way to school and home. Whats more, they can consult teachers and discuss with classmates, which will contribute to their improvement.4. If I was in charge of a school, I would also be very stri

14、ct with students who dont behave well. I would first warn and then punish the students who interrupt the learning of others or disrespect their teachers.5. As middle school students, we should learn some knowledge about safety. For example, when we go across the road, we must wait for the green ligh

15、t; when we go to school or go home by bike, we should go along the right side and should not ride at a high speed.6. It is high time that we should be aware of the importance of self-protection. And only with a good sense of self-protection can we live a safe and happy life!7. There has been a heate

16、d discussion about whether we high school students should take the military training in my class. Military training is one of the best ways to improve the students personal qualities.8. Some of us are having problems with our parents, as they often look into our school bags or read our diaries. I fu

17、lly understand why we are not comfortable about it, but theres no need to feel too sad.9. In this letter I would like to convey my appreciation to you for your kind assistance in my English learning when I was in New York. Additionally, your generous help and tender care made me feel warmly welcomed

18、 and transformed my first American trip into a unforgettable memory.10. The problem you are facing is common among our teenagers. However, it should be wise not to do anything that may hurt her feelings. 高中书面表达指导二：简单句的高级形式 1. 同位语 I want to have a pen friend, hopefully a girl in her early twenties an

19、d with interests similar to mine. 我想有一个笔友, 希望是一个二十出头且兴趣相投的女孩子。(同位语中又有两个并列的介词短语修饰)(全国卷) 2. 形容词短语 Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor. 出生于美国的托马斯爱迪生是一个伟大的科学家和发明家。(湖南卷) 3. 不定式短语 In order to study well, we need to do sports. 为了学习好, 我们需要做体育运动。(辽宁卷)4. 现在分词短语In this picture, a

20、 mother bird stays in her nest in a big tree, watching her babies flying away. 在这幅图中, 一个鸟妈妈呆在一棵大树的鸟巢里, 观看她的鸟仔飞走。(北京卷) 5. 过去分词短语 Compared with letters and public phones, mobile phones and the Internet are faster and much more convenient. 与信件和公用电话相比, 手机和网络更快也更方便。(广东卷) 6. 介词短语 Instead of giving us answ

21、ers immediately, he encourages us to think by ourselves. 他鼓励我们独立思考, 而不是马上告诉我们答案。(湖南卷) 即时练习 2. 与其他老师相比, 摩尔先生更注意教学方法。(用过去分词短语)(湖南卷)示例：Compared with other teachers, Mr. Moore pays more attention to his way of teaching. 3. 北京动物园, 建于1906年, 有100多年的历史了。(用过去分词短语)(北京卷)示例：The Beijing Zoo, built in 1906, has a

22、 history of more than 100 years. 4. 李华在公共汽车站等601公车上去学。(现在分词短语)(北京卷)示例：Li Hua was at the bus stop, waiting for Bus No. 601 to go to school. 5. 我们学生应当通过努力学习而不是考试作弊来获得好成绩。(介词短语)(福建卷)示例： We students should try to get good results by studying hard instead of cheating in examinations. 6. 合并句子: The moon tr

23、avels round the earth once every month. The moon is a natural satellite of the earth.(现在分词短语)示例：The moon, traveling round the earth once every month, is a natural satellite of the earth. 7. 合并句子： He was well known for his expert advice. He was able to help a great number of people with their persona

24、l affairs.(过去分词短语)示例：Well known for his expert advice, he was able to help a great number of people with their personal affairs. 高中书面表达指导三：用高级结构让句子靓起来 利用以下各招可给句子润色, 让句子靓起来。 1. 使用强调句。 用do, does, did强调一般时态的谓语动词; 用it is .that .强调谓语之外的各种句子成分。 It was not until she took off her glasses that her father rec

25、ognized her. 直到她摘下眼镜她父亲才认出她。 2. 使用倒装句。 Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有用这种方法我们才可以学好英语。 3. 使用with的复合结构。如： With the noise going on, I couldnt go on studying. 由于那噪音的持续, 我无法继续学习。 4. 使用非谓语动词。 Located at the southwest corner of our school, the botanical garden has an area of 1000 square metr

26、es. 校园西南角/面积1000平方米。 5. 恰当使用被动句。 Above all, something must be done to stop polluting. 最重要的是, 必须釆取某些措施来阻止污染。 6. 使用各类从句, 如使用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。 Therere many kinds of tea in China, of which Longjing Tea is famous all over the world. 中国的茶叶有很多种, 其中龙井茶是世界著名的。 7. “数词+名词”改用“as many as+数词+名词”。 A great number o

27、f buildings were destroyed, leaving as many as 10, 000, 000 people homeless. 请多房屋被摧毁, 使多达千万的人失去家园。 8. 使用what引导的主语从句。 What surprised me greatly was to find she was such a fine swimmer. 使我大为吃惊的是, 我发现她竟是一位优秀的游泳选手。 9. 适当使用插入语。如I guess, I think， I believe, however, in my opinion, in other words, that is

28、to say, generally speaking, believe it or not, to tell you the truth, to be honest, as we know, whats worse等。即时练习 使用上述润色技巧, 合并或改写下列句子。 1. I realized the importance of English when I entered senior high school.(强调句) 示例：It was when I entered senior high school that I realized the importance of English

29、. 2. We can live a happy life only by this means.(倒装) 示例：Only by this means can we live a happy life. 3. He fell asleep. The lights were still on. (with结构) 示例：He fell asleep with the lights on. 4. When I heard that, I was much moved.(非谓语动词) 示例： Hearing that, I was much moved. 5. They carried out a s

30、urvey among 260 students.(被动语态) 示例：A survey was carried out among 260 students. 6. They were faced with many problems. They didnt lose heart.(非谓语动词) 示例： Faced with many problems, they didnt lose heart 7. It was getting dark. And it began to rain.(插入语) 示例： It was getting dark. What was worse, it bega

31、n to rain. 8. He worked very hard. He made great progress in his study.(改为复合句) 示例： He worked so hard that he made great progress in his study. 9. He offered me a piece of advice that I should cheer up and start all over again. (what引导的主语从句) 示例：What he offered me was a piece of advice that I should c

32、heer up and start all over again. 10. I got on a bus. There were already too many people on it.(定语从句) 示例：I got on a bus on which there were already too many people. 11. 50% of the students surveyed choose super stars as their idols.(强调数字) 示例：As many as 50% of the students surveyed choose super stars

33、 as their idols. 高中书面表达指导四：介词短语与with结构等专练 利用以下各招可给句子润色, 让句子靓起来。 1. 使用强调句。 用do, does, did强调一般时态的谓语动词; 用it is .that .强调谓语之外的各种句子成分。 It was not until she took off her glasses that her father recognized her. 直到她摘下眼镜她父亲才认出她。 2. 使用倒装句。 Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有用这种方法我们才可以学好英语。 3. 使用wit

34、h的复合结构。如： With the noise going on, I couldnt go on studying. 由于那噪音的持续, 我无法继续学习。 4. 使用非谓语动词。 Located at the southwest corner of our school, the botanical garden has an area of 1000 square metres. 校园西南角/面积1000平方米。 5. 恰当使用被动句。 Above all, something must be done to stop polluting. 最重要的是, 必须釆取某些措施来阻止污染。 6

35、. 使用各类从句, 如使用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。 Therere many kinds of tea in China, of which Longjing Tea is famous all over the world. 中国的茶叶有很多种, 其中龙井茶是世界著名的。 7. “数词+名词”改用“as many as+数词+名词”。 A great number of buildings were destroyed, leaving as many as 10, 000, 000 people homeless. 请多房屋被摧毁, 使多达千万的人失去家园。 8. 使用what引

36、导的主语从句。 What surprised me greatly was to find she was such a fine swimmer. 使我大为吃惊的是, 我发现她竟是一位优秀的游泳选手。 9. 适当使用插入语。如I guess, I think， I believe, however, in my opinion, in other words, that is to say, generally speaking, believe it or not, to tell you the truth, to be honest, as we know, whats worse等。

37、即时练习 使用上述润色技巧, 合并或改写下列句子。 1. I realized the importance of English when I entered senior high school.(强调句) 示例：It was when I entered senior high school that I realized the importance of English. 2. We can live a happy life only by this means.(倒装) 示例：Only by this means can we live a happy life. 3. He f

38、ell asleep. The lights were still on. (with结构) 示例：He fell asleep with the lights on. 4. When I heard that, I was much moved.(非谓语动词) 示例：Hearing that, I was much moved. 5. They carried out a survey among 260 students.(被动语态) 示例：A survey was carried out among 260 students. 6. They were faced with many p

39、roblems. They didnt lose heart.(非谓语动词) 示例：Faced with many problems, they didnt lose heart 7. It was getting dark. And it began to rain.(插入语) 示例： It was getting dark. What was worse, it began to rain. 8. He worked very hard. He made great progress in his study.(改为复合句)示例：He worked so hard that he made

40、 great progress in his study. 9. He offered me a piece of advice that I should cheer up and start all over again. (what引导的主语从句) 示例： What he offered me was a piece of advice that I should cheer up and start all over again. 10. I got on a bus. There were already too many people on it.(定语从句) 示例： I got

41、on a bus on which there were already too many people. 11. 50% of the students surveyed choose super stars as their idols.(强调数字) 11. As many as 50% of the students surveyed choose super stars as their idols. 高中书面表达指导五：非谓语动词短语和强调结构等专练 根据汉语提示完成英文句子, 或用所给词的适合形式填空。 一、用非谓语动词短语 1. In the morning, we bicycl

42、ed to the suburbs to plant trees, talking and laughing all the way(一路上有说有笑). 2. At about 1 o-clock this afternoon， Tracy called,saying that she couldnt meet you at Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning （说他明天上午不能在咖啡屋(Bolton Coffee)同你见面） as she has something important to attend to. 3.Taking part in English s

43、peech competition(参加英语演讲比赛)is a helpful way to learn English. 4. Our parents are checking our bags or diaries to make sure were not getting into any trouble (是为了确定我们没有卷入任何麻烦事). 5. Moved by his words被他的话所感动), I praised him for his deeds and decided to sing a song named “Mother” (名叫“母亲”的一首歌) for the s

44、tudents. 二、用强调结构或倒装句式 6.It was not until at the end of 19th century that(直到19世纪末才) shooting earned its status as a sport. 7. We should be thankful to our parents because it was they that brought us into this world (因为是他们把我们带到这个世界). 8. Everyone knows that we are busy all day. Seldom do we know what i

45、s happening both at home and abroad (我们知道国内外正在发生什么). 9. Only in this way can I (只有用这种方法我才能)gain more confidence. （用倒装句式)10.Only because he was ill (只因为他有病了)did he not come to school. 11. Only then did I realize(只有那时, 我才认识到)that I had been wrong. 三、it句型 根据中文提示完成下列句子。 12. For the two reasons mentioned

46、 above,it is no surprise that(就不足为奇了)I have such a strong enthusiasm on the group dancing competition. 13. As I am away from my parents, it is necessary for me to learn(对我来说有必学会)to live on my own. 14. It is known to us all that (众所周知) some students cheat in examinations at school. 15. As we haven t

47、mastered enough English words, sometimes we may find it difficult(觉得困难) to follow the teacher. 16. I think it (is) wrong to cheat in examinations(在考试中作弊是错误的)because it breaks the rules of school. 高中书面表达指导六：简单句合并成复合句 有时为了使句子的连贯性更强, 表达也更为贴切、自然, 我们在两个或者多个简单句之间加上and, but, or(或者, 否则), for (因为), while(而,

48、却), when(就在这个时候), not only .but also等并列连词, 使其成为并列复合句。如： Our outdoor activity will last three hours. Well be back at about 11 oclock Our outdoor activity will last three hours and well be back at about 11 oclock. You must hurry. Youll miss the plane. You must hurry or youll miss the plane. Honey is s

49、weet. The bee stings. Honey is sweet but the bee stings. 在两个或者多个简单句之间加上when, after, as, because, where, which, who等从属连词, 可以使简单句变成复合句。如： We will organize all kinds of activities in our English club. We can not only practise but also learn more English in the activities.(改为含定语从句的复合句) We will organize

50、all kinds of activities in our English club in which we can not only practise but also learn more English. He missed the first bus. He came to school late.(改为含状语从句的复合句) Because he missed the first bus, he came to school late. He missed the first bus, so he came to school late. 即时练习将下列各组句子合并成并列复合句或主从

51、复合句。 1. He was tired. He went to bed. 示例：He was tired, so he went to bed. 2. Our teacher must be at home. The door is open. 示例：Our teacher must be at home, for the door is open. 3. A satellite is an object. A satellite travels in an orbit round another object in space. A satellite is either natural

52、or man-made. 示例： A satellite is an object, either natural or man-made, which travels in an orbit round another object in space. 4. We high school students do have some growing pains. We can get rid of them correctly and wisely. 示例： We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get r

53、id of them correctly and wisely. 5. There was once a famous detective. He was named Sherlock Holmes. He lived in London. The time was at the end of the nineteenth century. 示例：There was once a famous detective named Sherlock who lived in London at the end of the nineteenth century. 6. The other day w

54、e had an English speech contest. I won the first prize in the contest. 示例： The other day we had an English speech contest in which I won the first prize. 7. 79.3 of the surveyed netizens say that their main motivation is to help their parents to live a better life. 67.7 claim that they work hard in

55、order to change their own fate. 示例：79.3 of the surveyed netizens say that their main motivation is to help their parents to live a better life while 67.7 claim that they work hard in order to change their own fate. 8. We must study hard. Knowledge is power. 示例：We must study hard because knowledge is power. 9. Students can improve their writing ability in this way. They can strengthen their self-confidence. 示例：Not only can students improve their writing ability in this way, but they can increase their self-confidence. 高中书面表达指导七：并列复