2020年10月全国自考基础英语试题及答案解析

1、精品自学考试资料推荐全国 2018 年 10 月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题课程代码： 00088请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上一、词汇应用和语法结构（本大题共30 小题，每小题1 分，共 30 分）（一）词汇应用（15 分）选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。1.everyone must _ for what he eats and drinks.a. giveb. ownc. payd. get2.in order to make greater _, you have to lower the cost of production.a. moneyb. benefitsc. p

2、rofitsd. prices3.stress can cause car accidents and heart attacks and may even _ people to suicide.a. letb. makec. drived. get4.the universal product code is _ to add speed and efficiency to stores by using computers.a. designedb. drawnc. picturedd. planned5.different people have different _ about h

3、ow taxation should be arranged.a. waysb. meansc. ideasd. methods6.when you are introduced to new people, you should try to _ friendly and self.confident.a. stareb. appearc. seed. gaze7.steel is _ to iron in strength, hardness, and elasticity.a. strongerb. harderc. superiord. better8.in the old days

4、women s activities were _ to the household.a. restrictedb. confinedc. limitedd. restrained9.nations have tariffs to _ their own merchants and manufacturers from foreign competition.a. preventb. shelterc. ensured. protect10. the shoes you want are not _ in this shop.a. approachableb. availablec. atta

5、inabled. applicable11. the little town _ a lot from its tourism.a. contributesb. benefitsc. supportsd. gains12. the customer _ whether the articles exhibited in the shop were for sale.1精品自学考试资料推荐a. inquiredb. requiredc. acquiredd. informed13.the rent is reasonable; _, the location is perfect.a. more

6、overb. otherwisec. howeverd. therefore14.he decided to _ $ 200 in the bank each month.a. developb. benefitc. expandd. deposit15.he took up painting in his_ time.a. emptyb. blankc. freed. spare（二）语法结构（15 分）选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。16.it is cheaper to throw them away than _.a. repair themb. reparing the

7、mc. to repair themd. repairs them17.i am not going to buy it because i don thave _ money on me.a. anyb. somec. nod. a little18.when he came in, his mother _ television.a. watchedb. was watchingc. had watchedd. watches19.computers are so wonderful _ they are known as thinking machines.a. asb. thatc.

8、whichd. for which20.the doctor told me to take the pill _.a. every four hourb. four every hourc. every four hoursd. four every hours21.it s _ my power to make a final decision on this important matter.a. offb. beyondc. aboved. outside22.a cut in your prices is exactly _ our customers wish that you s

9、hould do.a. asb. thatc. whichd. what23.we shall cancel the contract _ you fail to open the l/c before the end of this month.a. unlessb. sincec. ifd. although24.a policeman approached timmy and told him that he _ along the sidewalk.a. ought to gob. should goc. had goned. ought to have gone25.i knew _

10、 men.a. many distinguished american literaryb. american many distinguished literary2精品自学考试资料推荐c. many american distinguished literaryd. distinguished many literary american26.if he _ that, he would have run away.a. realizedb. had realizedc. would have realizedd. has realized27.we looked _ for your l

11、ost bike.a. everywhereb. anywherec. whereverd. where28.rather than _ there by air, i d take the slowest train.a. to gob. goc. wentd. would go29.no announcement has been made concerning _ on the shuttle flight.a. who gob. who is goingc. is who goingd. who gone30.that is definitely the place _ i left

12、my car just now.a. whereb. whichc. thatd. when二、改错（本大题共10 小题，每小题1 分，共10 分）下面句子中有a,b,c,d四个划底线部分，其中有一个是错误的，选出错误部分的字母，无需改正错误。31.an economist learns how to guess what will happen in the future, as far as goods andabcprices concerned.d32.henry ford, who first started making cars in large numbers, probabl

13、y didn tknow howabcmuch the car is going to affect american culture.d33.when we are very frightened and worry, our bodies produce certain chemicals to help us fightabcdwhat is troubling us.34.a direct tax is arranged in so a way that the poor people pay nothing, and the percentage ofabctax grows gre

14、ater as the tax payer s income grows.d35.like many of the most important discoveries of man, how iron was first discovered and used3精品自学考试资料推荐a b c is not know.d36. the right to unload goods without paying a tariff are very important to merchants in foreignabcdtrade.37. in today s production process

15、es, one person usually performs a limited number of tasks buta b c performs these very good.d38. except rail carriers, trucks carry more freight than any other form of transportation.abcd39. the more the insurance companies know the likelihood of a particular loss, the fair the ratesa b c they set w

16、ill be.d40. no one can avoid to be influenced by advertisements. they always make every effort toa b persuade us to buy this or that product.cd三、完形填空（本大题共15 小题，每小题1 分，共 15 分）选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。thirtysix of the developing countries41considered by the united nations to be the“42developedcountries”

17、 . most of43are small in terms of44and population. some are landlocked (陆围的 ) or smallisland 45 .theyare46characterized by lowpercapitalincomes, literacy47, and medicalstandards;subsistence agriculture（生存农业） ;48a lack ofexploitable minerals andcompetitiveindustries. many49from aridity (干旱 ), floods,

18、 hurricanes and50animal and plant pests. most are51in the zone 10 to 30 degreesnorth latitude. these countries have52prospect of rapid economic development53the foreseeable future.they are54to remain heavily dependent55official development assistance for many years.41.a. areb. amc. isd. will be42.a.

19、 mostb. leastc. bestd. worst43.a. themb. theyc. usd. we44.a.landb. placec. aread. region4精品自学考试资料推荐45.a.countiesb. countriesc. statesd. lands46.a. differentlyb. especiallyc. generallyd. specially47.a. placeb. positionc. levelsd. standard48.a. andb. butc. ford. so49.a. to sufferb. sufferc. suffersd.

20、suffering50.a. sufficientb. fewc. enoughd. excessive51.a. locateb. liesc. liedd. situated52.a. littleb. fewc. lotd. a few53.a. atb. forc. ond. in54.a. definitelyb. probablyc. liked. likely55.a. uponb. toc. upd. for四、阅读理解（本大题共10 小题，每小题2 分，共 20 分）本部分有两篇短文， 每篇短文后有五个问题,每个问题有四个选项,选择最佳答案完成句子。错选、多选或未选均无分。p

21、assage 1in the earliest stages of man s development he had no more need of money than animals have. he was content with verysimple forms of shelter, made his own rough tools and weapons and could provide food and clothing for himself and hisfamilyfrom natural materials around him. as he became more

22、civilized, however, he began to want better shelter, moreefficienttools and weapons, and more comfortableand more lasting clothingthan couldbe providedby his ownneighbourhood or by the work of his own unskilled hands. for these things he had to turn to the skilled people such as smiths,leather worke

23、rs or carpenters who were springing up everywhere. it was then that the question of payment arose.at first he got what he wanted by a simple process of exchange. the smith who had not the time to look after land or cattle was glad to take meat or grain from the farmer in exchange for an axe or a plo

24、ugh. but as more and more goods which had no fixed exchange value came on the market, exchange became too complicated to be satisfactory. another problem arose when those who made things wanted to get stocks of wood or leather, or iron, but had nothing to offer in exchange until their finished goods

25、 were ready.thus the difficulties of exchange led by degrees to the invention of money. in some countries, easily handled things like seeds or shells were given a certain value and the farmer, instead of paying the smith for a new axe by giving him some meat or grain, gave him so many shells. if the

26、 smith had any shells left when he had bought his food, he could get stocks of the raw materials of his trade. in some countries quite large things such as cows or camels or even big flat stones were used for trade. later, pieces of metal, bearing values according to the rarity of the metal and the

27、size of the pieces, or coins were used. money as we know had arrived.56. in very early times _. a. children did not need money5精品自学考试资料推荐b. men needed animals more than they needed moneyc. men did not need money at alld. men needed money more than animals did57. as men became more civilized they _.

28、a. all learnt to make what they wanted themselves b. had to travel a lot to look for what they wantedc. got things from other people who knew how to make them better d. found everything more expensive58. when they began the system of exchange _.a. the smith took some meat to the farmerb. the farmer

29、gave an axe to the smithc. the smith gave an axe or a plough to the farmerd. the farmer took some grain from the smith59. before people used metal coins they used_. a. shells or seeds because they could be easily handled b. camels even though they were largec. flat stones even though they were large

30、 d. all of the above60. money was not used until _.a. an urgent need for it was feltb. a simple process of exchange came to be practicedc. nothing could be offered in exchanged. the exchange of one thing for another became too complicatedpassage 2it s no strange coincidence that during the time you

31、drive along staring out the window, sleep in your bed, undertakeyour daily duties your subconscious continues to work for you even though you may not always be fully aware of this.how often have you been doing something totally unrelated and then suddenly an idea snaps into your mind? often?sometime

32、s? never? in anycase after you have put considerable time into solving your problemyou will find your innermind will work for you. sometimes if you try too hard to solve something you end up with nothing you feel too tired to fully activate your inner mind.so, as the expression goes “chill out ”, have a break and sleep on it. you may be surprised at how successful switching off can be.61. the passage is mainly about _.6精品自学考试资料推荐a. sleepb. daily actionsc. ideasd. subconscious62. your inner mind works when you _. a. t