物流英语1logi_intro.ppt

1、An Introduction to and Its Development,透过战争解读物流,二战 1940年的德国陆军师编制为例 步兵师：17900人,每人每日消耗2.2-2.5公斤给养 后勤部队供给能力：面包连：12000个面包，每个1.5公斤肉制品加工站：每日处理15头牛或120只猪或240只羊，合计3000公斤香肠。 军马饲料：战马：10公斤（5公斤燕麦，3.5公斤干草，1.5公斤秸秆）牵引用马：14.5公斤（6.5公斤燕麦，5公斤干草，3公斤秸秆） 每个步兵师每日消耗给养22吨 每个步兵师每日消耗饲料45吨。,二战德国供给,一列满载的后勤补给列车：长550米 毛重850吨，净重50

2、0吨1941年11月东线一个集团军群每日所需后勤补给量（以后勤补给列车计算）： 需求 运抵北方集团军群 20 19中央集团军群 32 16南方集团军群 22 15,Video clip Troop Train 1943,0 344 444 745,海湾战争,在“沙漠盾牌”行动中，短短3个月，运往海湾地区的作战物资就超过了在越南战争时期一年运往越南的作战物资总和，其中包括：13亿多吨物资；11万多台车辆；25亿多美元的弹药。而美军50多万军事人员和5的装备、800多万吨物资都是在短时间内通过空运（行程1.12万多公里、需15小时）和海运（行程1.5万多公里、需10-12天）运抵沙特阿拉伯战场,C

3、ommon definition,Logistics relates to goods, people, manufacturing capacity, information: - (the right product) - to the right place - at the right time - in the right quantity - at the right quality - at the right price (cost) - for the right customer,7Rs,Definition of Modern Enterprises and Logist

4、ics,Automotive logistics Logistics behind a supermarket - See SC news P3,Logistics activities,Materials flow,Suppliers,Procurement,Operations,Distribution,Customers,Requirements information flow,- Raw materials costs - Transportation costs,-manufacturing costs,-inventory holding costs,-transportatio

5、n costs,Logistics activities,Procurement/sourcing In-bound transport Warehousing Handling, packing and storage Distribution Value-added services Administration Reverse logistics,Logistics management defined,Logistics is part of the supply chain that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, eff

6、ective flow and storage of goods, services and related information, from the point of origin to the point of consumption in order to meet customer requirements.-Council of Logistics Management 物流作为供应链的一部分，主要指的是自原材料点到消费点之间按照客户要求规划，实施和控制货物，服务及相关信息的有效流动与存储。 -物流管理理事会,Some basic logistics terms,Distribut

7、ion the process of moving the people, resources and services to where they are needed or will be used. Distribution involves transporting and storage. Merchandising planning and controlling the flow of goods through seasons, at both central and store level. Outsourcing contracting out operations pre

8、viously undertaken within the business to an outside contractor, i.e., warehousing The dissatisfied customer tells 8-16 people; 91% of dissatisfied customers will not purchase from you again; If you attempt to remedy the complaints, 82-95% will remain loyal; It costs about 5 times as much to attract

9、 a new customer as it does to keep an old one.,The impact of logistics & customer service on marketing,Consumer franchise,Customer franchise,Supply chain efficiency,Marketing effectiveness,X,X,=,Brand values corporate image availability,Customer service Partnership Quick response,Flexibility Reduced

10、 asset base Low cost supplier,Market share Customer retention Superior ROI,Segment Customers Based on Needs,Segmentation typically groups customers by industry, product, or trade channel. Segmentation based on service needs allows a company to develop service portfolios tailored to various segments.

11、,One-size-fits-all approach to service Costs and profitability averaged across segments Unable to gauge likely profitability of customers,Needs-based segmentation of customers Understand the cost to serve, predict marginal profitability for each customer segment Identify segment-specific service pac

12、kages which maximize profitability Identify which customers will generate the highest long-term profitability, Traditional , Opportunities ,“We dont fully understand the relative value customers place on our service offerings”,Service balanced with profitability,Logistics Development in China,The ne

13、w competitive paradigm is that supply chain competes with supply chain and the success of any one company will depend upon how well it manages its supply chain relationships. - from Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Martin Christopher, 1992,Reasons for integrated logistics growth,Marketing concept & consumer awareness The advent of the computer Global recessions & rising interest rates in 1970s & 1980s Globalization of business Development of world trade blocs Growth of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) Growth of JIT manufacturing