Unit 1 Tales of the unexplainedSection1 Welcome to the unit,Reading 课件(牛津版必修2,安徽专用)

1、unit 1 tales of the unexplained,do dogs understand us? be careful what you say around your dog.it might understand more than you think. a border collie(牧羊狗) named rico recognizes the names of about 200 objects, say researchers in germany. the dog also appears to be able to learn new words as easily

2、as a 3yearold child.its wordlearning skills are as good as those of a parrot or chimpanzee(黑猩猩),in one experiment，the researchers took all 200 items that rico is supposed to know and divided them into 20 groups of 10 objects.then the owner told the dog to go and fetch one of the items and bring it b

3、ack.in four tests，rico got 37 out of 40 commands right.as the dog couldnt see anyone to get clues，the scientists believe rico must understand the meanings of certain words.,in another experiment，the scientists took one toy that rico had never seen before and put it in a room with seven toys whose na

4、mes the dog already knew.the owner then told rico to fetch the object, using a word the dog had never heard before. the correct object was chosen in seven out of 10 tests，suggesting that the dog had worked out the answer by process of elimination(排除法)a month later, rico remembered half of the new na

5、mes，which is even more impressive.,rico is thought to be smarter than the average dog.for one thing，rico is a border collie, a breed(品种)known for its mental abilities.in addition，the 9yearold dog has been trained to fetch toys by their names since the age of nine months. its hard to know if all dogs

6、 understand at least some of the words we say.even if they do，they cant talk back.still，it wouldnt hurt to sweettalk your dog every now and then.you might just get a big, wet kiss in return!,read the passage carefully and judge the following sentences true(t) or false(f) dogs cant understand what yo

7、u say around them. dogs wordlearning skills are as good as those of a parrot or chimpanzee(黑猩猩) its easy to know if all dogs understand at least some of the words we say.,(f),(t),(f),unit 1 tales of the unexplained section welcome to the unit，reading 课件（牛津版必修2，安徽专用）,.阅读理解(根据reading内容选择答案) 1why were

8、people interested in the disappearance of the boy? abecause the lost boy was 15 years old. bbecause the police advised them to do so. cbecause the disappearance might have something to do with the ufo and the alien. dall the above.,2in the seventh paragraph，“show up”means“ _ ” aarrive or appear brea

9、ch cdisappear dreach for 3we can infer that the boy might go missing _ . ain his own room bon the playground cin kellys room din his brothers room,4what is the attitude of the police to the disappearance of the boy? athey cant make sure that justin was taken away by aliens. bthey think it possible f

10、or some people to make up an amazing story. cthey are looking at other possibilities，such as murder. dall the above.,5we can know _ . athe police have known the cause of the boys disappearance bthe police havent found convincing evidence about the boys disappearance cthe police will catch the aliens

11、 who took away the boy dthe police wont get any information about the boys disappearance 答案1.c2.a3.a4.d5.b,.短文填词(根据reading内容完成短文) the police have (1) their search for a fifteenyearold boy who went missing two days ago in dover，new hamshire.people (2) his disappearance (3) sightings of puzzling light

12、s in the sky and reports of alien visits.justin foster (4) last friday night.his parents were worried when he did not (5) at the family lunch the next day.,stepped up,have shown great interest,in,went missing,show up,due to,(6) justin went home after playing baseball with his two friends，and his sis

13、ter，kelly，heard him return home at about 11：00 pm.later，a bright light appeared outside her window and kelly saw a large spaceship flying (7) .then she heard her brother shout，and the ufo disappeared.however，her parents didnt believe her.police have not ruled out the possibility that justin was take

14、n away by aliens，but they are (8) the matter.“sometimes people (9) such amazing stories，”says detective sam peterson，who has (10) the case.,in fact,outside,looking into,make up,taken charge of,.教材研读 一、熟记重点单词 1. adj.困惑的，茫然的 2 n目击者，证人vt.目击，见证 3 vt.假定；认为 4 n施工；建筑物 5 n笑，笑声,puzzled,witness,assume,constru

15、ction,laughter,6 n发生的事情 7 n动物；(具有某种特质的)人 8 n侦探 9 n证据 10. n伤害,incident,creature,detective,evidence,injury,二、重点短语探究 1step 加紧，加强，促进 2due 因为，由于 3show 出席，露面 4put 播放(音乐等) 5take 带走，清理 6believe 信任，相信 7search 搜索，寻找 8make 编造 9look 调查 10take of负责，接管,up,to,up,on,away,in,for,up,into,charge,三、教材佳句背诵 1witnesses al

16、so say they justin his house at 10：45 pm. 目击者说他们看见贾斯廷在晚上10：45正朝着他的家走 去。 2we until we find out what happened. 我们不查清事实真相不会放弃。,saw,walking towards,will not give up,3as we now know，the machine looked like something made by a local schoolboy anything that could ever travel in space. 我们知道，被发现的机器看起来更像当地小学生

17、制作的某种东西，而不像人们曾经太空旅行的任何东西。 4so，while we have not dismissed the idea，we are other as well. 因此，虽然我们不排除这种观点，但我们也在调查其他可能的情况。,that was found,more,than,looking,into,possibilities,1unexplained adj.无法解释的，神秘的 (教材原句)tales of the unexplained无法解释的传说。(p2) 【句法分析】该词由explain加后缀ed和表示否定的前缀un构成，表示一类人或事。构词相同的常用词还有：unexp

18、ected出乎意料的；unmarried未婚的；unknown不为人知的。,【用法归纳】 explain vt.解释，说明 explanation n解释，说明 explain sth to sb 向某人解释某事 the teacher explained the answer to the question to us. 老师向我们解释这个问题的答案。 he explained to me why he was late. 他向我解释他为什么迟到。 he gave no explanation for his absence. 对于他的缺席他没有作任何解释。,考点警示explain的间接宾语

19、通常要与介词to连用；不能说 explain sb sth please explain me this rule.() please explain this rule to me.() 请给我解释一下这条规则。,【即境活用】 完成句子 他解释说他曾因为天气而被耽搁了。 he he had been delayed by the weather. 你能给我解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗？ can you explain the machine operates?,explained that,to me how,the happy look on his face _ that he had

20、passed the final examination successfully. aexplained bsuggested cexpressed ddescribed 解析explain解释；express表达；describe描述，意思均不符合题意。suggest意为“表明，表示”符合题意。 答案b,perhaps genetic differences can _ why some women develop breast cancer and others do not. aexploit bexplain cexpress dexplode 解析句意：也许基因差异可以解释为什么有

21、些妇女患乳腺癌，而另一些妇女没有。 exploit剥削，利用；explain解释；express表达；explode爆炸。 答案b,how can i repair it? well.look at the _ . aexplanations bexpressions cinstructions dintroductions 解析instruction多用作复数形式，指商品、货物的“用法说明，操作指南”。 答案c,2puzzled adj.困惑的，茫然的 (教材原句)boy missing，police puzzled. 男孩失踪，警方茫然。(p2) a puzzled expression

22、困惑的表情 he is puzzled at the problem.他对那个问题感到困惑。,【用法归纳】 be puzzled about/over/at sth 对某事感到困惑/为难 puzzling adj.令人迷惑的，莫名其妙的 puzzle v(使)为难，(使)迷惑；n.谜；游戏 puzzler n难解之事，难题 puzzle out 琢磨出的答案 puzzle about 苦苦思索 be in a puzzle about对迷惑不解,the teacher left the students to puzzle out the answer to the question them

23、selves. 老师让学生们自己琢磨出问题的答案。 their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me. 他们做那件事的原因仍令我费解。 【辨析】puzzled/puzzling,the puzzling problem made me puzzled. 这个令人困惑的问题使得我很困惑。 there is a puzzled look on her face. 在她脸上呈现出困惑的表情。 they are puzzled (about) what to do next. 他们对接下来该做什么感到迷惑不解。,【辨析】puzzle/confuse p

24、uzzle意为“使迷惑”；“难题”(指复杂的事情或问 题)。 confuse意为“使混淆，使迷乱”，指由于纷乱的思 想，使人变得混乱。 he puzzled his brains to find the answer. 他绞尽脑汁寻求答案。 they confused me by asking so many questions. 他们提了一大堆问题，把我都弄糊涂了。,考点警示puzzle，interest，surprise，astonish，shock，upset，excite，disappoint，please，satisfy，frighten，amaze，convince等意为“使”的动

25、词都属于同一类，其现在分词表主动，多表示主语所具有的特征或属性，可译为“令人的”；其过去分词表被动，多表示主语所处的心理状态，一般意为“(本身)感到的”。,考法提示：与其同根词的用法区别考查。(puzzle，puzzling，puzzled) 与其它词的辨析,【即境活用】 facing the _ situation，the sales manager looked _ . apuzzling；puzzled bpuzzling；puzzling cpuzzled；puzzled dpuzzled；puzzling 解析句意：面临令人费解的形势，销售经理一脸困惑。puzzling意为“令人困惑

26、的”；puzzled指“(人)感到困惑的”。 答案a,the patients illness _ the doctor because he couldnt find the cause. afrightened binterested cpuzzled dconfused 解析根据题意，a、b两项易排除；c、d两项易混淆。 puzzle指复杂的事件或困难的问题使人不知所措；confuse指 心中杂乱的思想使人的头脑变得混乱。 答案c, _ and happy，tony stood up and accepted the prize. asurprising bsurprised cbein

27、g surprised dto be surprising 解析句意为“既感到惊讶又感到高兴，托尼站了起来接受了奖金”。首先排除c、d；surprised和puzzled一样，常用来修饰人，指人感到怎么样或指人的表情，这里的surprised和happy都是形容词作状语，表示伴随状态。 答案b,tom seems _ very much in the job，but im not sure whether he can manage it. ainterested binteresting cinterestingly dinterestedly 解析本题的seem是系动词，后面一般接形容词作

28、表语，故首先排除c、d。interesting一般指物，表示该物具有这样的性质特征，interested常指人，表示人对某事或某物感兴趣。本句句意为“汤姆似乎对这份工作非常感兴趣，但我不知道他是否能胜任”。 答案a,3step up (教材原句)police in america have stepped up their search for a fifteenyearold boy who went missing three days ago in dover，new hampshire.美国警方现已加紧对一名15岁的失踪男孩儿的搜索，该男孩儿于三天前在新罕布什尔州的多佛市失踪。(p2)

29、 【句法分析】这是一个主从复合句，who引导一个定语从句修饰先行词boy。step up可有多种解释。,(1)加紧，加快 we are trying to step up the production to meet the increased demand.我们正设法增加产量来满足增长的需求。 (2)走上前 she stepped up to receive her prize.她走上前去领奖。,【用法归纳】 step out 走出 step in 干预；介入 step aside 让开；让位 take steps/action/measures to do sth 采取步骤/行动/措施做某

30、事 mind/watch your step小心谨慎，谨慎行事 step by step一步一步、逐渐地、逐步地 keep/be in step with与保持同步；跟上的步伐,【即境活用】 用step短语填空 what id like to do is to (出去)for a while. the police (介入)when their marital dispute turned violent. we (从下来)the bus.,step out,stepped in,stepped off,with the demand for private cars _ rapidly，th

31、e car factory ismaking every effort to _ the production. aincreasing；step up bincrease；step out cincreased；step off dhaving increased；step forward 解析由demand与increase之间是主谓关系，可知此处用现 在分词作宾补；step up提高，促进，加速，符合语境。step out 出去；step off (从交通工具等上)走下来； step forward 自告奋勇。 答案a,4due to (教材原句)this incident has re

32、ceived great interest due to reports of strange lights in the sky and of alien visits around the time the boy disappeared.这个事件引起了公众的极大兴趣，原因是关于男孩失踪前后天空出现奇怪光亮和外星人造访地球的新闻报道。(p2) 【句法分析】这是一个主从复合句，the boy disappeared是定语从句。注意下面due(to)的用法：,(1)由于，因为(可作状语和表语) i think my long and active life must be due to the

33、 healthy life i live.我想自己之所以长寿而且精力充沛要归功于我的健康 生活。 (2)应支付，应归于 our thanks are due to the whole team. 我们要向全队致谢。,(3)预定；预计 the meeting is due to start until three oclock. 会议预定到3点钟才开始。 (4) due 到期的 payment is due on 1st october. 付款期限为10月1日。 this bill is due.这笔账到期了。,【辨析】because of/due to/owing to/thanks to/o

34、n account of (1)because of因为，由于，在句中常作状语。 (2)due to由于，在句中常作表语或状语，一般不置于句首。 (3)owing to由于，在句中可作表语，也可作状语。 (4)thanks to 多亏，由于。既可以用于褒义又可以用于贬义，多位于句首。 (5)on account of因为，在句中常作状语。,because of these，he failed.由于这些事情，他失败了。 the teams success was largely due to her efforts. 这个队的成功在很大程度上是她努力的结果。 the flight was can

35、celled due to the fog.航班因雾取消。 it was owing to the snowfall that we didnt come. 我们没来是由于下雪的缘故。 owing to a sudden rain，he came back. 由于突然下雨，他回来了。,thanks to his help，we finished our work in time. 多亏他的帮忙，我们及时完成了工作。 we stayed inside on account of the rain. 因为下雨，我们待在了室内。 she retired early on account of ill

36、 health. 她体弱多病，所以提前退休。 考法提示：主要考查与其它短语的用法区别。,【即境活用】 its agreed that the traffic accident was largely _ the drivers carelessness. aat bdue to cbecause das to 解析due to 表示“由于，因为”，为短语介词，due to.常作表语。 答案b,the party was cancelled yesterday _ the fact that there was a snowstorm. ainstead of bdue to cbut for

37、dapart from 解析due to“由于，因为”，后可接名词、代词或动名词，符合语境。 答案b,the meeting _ begin at eight oclock and he _ arrive here before seven forty. ais due to，is supposed to bdue to，supposed to cis due to，is supposing to dis supposed to，is due to 解析be due to do意为“预期做，预计做”，be supposed to do sth意为“应该做某事”。句意为“会议定于八点开 始，他应

38、该在七点四十前到达这里”。 答案a,the openair celebration has been put off _ the bad weather. ain case of bin spite of cinstead of ddue to 解析句意为“户外庆典由于恶劣的天气而被推迟了”。in case of意为“万一”；in spite of意为“尽管”；instead of意为“代替”；due to意为“因为”。 答案d,5witness/see sb doing. (教材原句)witnesses also say they saw justin walking towards his

39、 house at 10：45 pm.目击者也说晚上10点45分他们看到贾斯廷朝家走去。(p2) 【句法分析】句中say后接宾语从句，saw justin walking.为“动词宾语宾语补足语”的结构，其中walking.是现在分词短语作宾语补足语。,(1)witness n目击者，证人 v目睹，表明 a witness/witness to.的证人/证据/证明 he is a single witness of the accident. 他是事件的唯一目击者。 he witnessed the accident. 他亲眼看见了那场事故。 we witnessed tremendous c

40、hanges in the city. 我们目睹了这个城市的巨大变化。 his tears witnessed the shame he felt. 他的眼泪表明他感到羞愧。,(2)see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做 the people see many students standing at the school gate.人 们看到许多学生站在学校门口。 the police saw the lost boy playing near the river. 警察看见那个走失的男孩儿正在河边玩耍。,【用法归纳】 see，watch，observe，look at，hear，

41、listen to，notice后面 的宾语补足语可以是这三种形式：(1)省略了to的动词不定 式：表示主动或完成；(2)现在分词：表示主动或正在进行； (3)过去分词：表示被动或完成。 i heard mary singing the song. 我听见玛丽在唱歌。 i felt something crawling up my arm. 我觉得有东西顺着我的胳膊往上爬。,i looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone.我低 头看了一下脖子，发现我的项链不见了。 考点警示这些动词(组)用于被动句中时，主语补足语分别 为to do(不定式

42、符号to要加回)，doing和done。 the children were watched to cross/crossing/led to cross the road.那些孩子被看着走过/正走过/被领着走过马路。 考法提示：这类句型中的非谓语动词形式(do，to do， doing，done)的应用是高频考点。,【即境活用】 完成句子 我们听见昨晚有人在隔壁唱过这首歌。 we this song yesterday evening next door. 我们听到她正在隔壁唱歌。 we her next door. 法官让约翰证明她的无辜。 the judge called john he

43、r .,heard,sung,heard,singing,to witness,innocence,listen! do you hear someone _ for help? acalling bcall cto call dcalled 解析句意：听！你听到有人喊救命了吗？根据listen！可 判断此处非谓语动词所表示的动作正在进行，因此用现在分 词作宾补。 答案a,to learn english well，we should find opportunities to hear english _ as much as we can. aspeak bspeaking cspoken

44、 dto speak 解析句意：为了把英语学好，我们应当尽可能找机会听别人说英语。english 和speak 之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补。 答案c,6assume vt.以为，假定为；(想当然地)认为；承担 (教材原句)however，since mrs foster thought that justin was spending the night with a friend，she assumed that kelly was having a bad dream，and sent her back to bed.但是，福斯特夫人以为贾斯廷在一个朋友家过夜，因此她认为凯莉只是做

45、了个噩梦，并将她打发回床上。(p3) 【句法分析】这是一个主从复合句，主句是she assumed that.，that引导宾语从句，since引导原因状语从句。其后又有一个that引导的宾语从句。,i assumed that he had gone for a walk. 我想他去散步了。 we can assume him to be innocent. 我们可以假定他是无罪的。,【用法归纳】 assume that.认为，假定 assume.to ben./adj.假设是 assuming that.假定(引导条件状语从句，类似于 supposing/suppose that.) as

46、suming that he wont come，what shall we do? 假如他不来，我们应该怎么办？,【即境活用】 完成句子 人们普遍认为，紧张是工作过多所致。 that stress is caused by too much work. 法庭承担了保障这个女孩福利的责任。 the court for the girls welfare.,it is generally assumed,assumed responsibility,whoever they appoint will _ responsibility for all the financial matters.

47、areceive bassume caccept dcharge 解析句意：无论他们任命谁，他/她都将承担所有财政问 题的责任。assume responsibility for.承担的责任，符 合语境。 答案b,_ it rains tomorrow，what should we do? athough bsince ceven though dassuming 解析句意：如果明天下雨的话，我们做什么呢？d项表示 “如果，假如”，相当于if，符合语境。 答案d,7occur (教材原句)mr foster was working that night on his road construc

48、tion job，and was not home when these events occurred.福斯特先生那晚忙于他的道路建设工作，这些事发生时并不在家。(p3) (1)vi.发生，存在(同义happen，take place，exist) i hope this wont occur again. 我希望不要再发生这种事情。 something unexpected occurred. 发生了一件出乎意料的事。,(2)vi.(to)被想起，被想到 sth occurs to sb或it occurs to sb that.某人想起某事 the word “gratitude”did

49、 not occur in his words. “感激”两字在他的话中是见不到的。 it never occurred to me that he would become a lawyer. 我从来也不会想到他成为一名律师。,【辨析】happen/occur/take place/break out (1)happen指“偶然发生”时，主语为“事”，当主语是“人”时，意为“碰巧”。 (2)occur指“发生”时可与happen换用，但后接to sb时，两者含义不同，happen to sb指不好的事情发生在某人身上；occur to sb指某种想法或主意被某人想到。 (3)take pla

50、ce表示发生已安排好、已计划好的事情，但有时也用happen代替。 (4)break out指灾难、疾病等的突然爆发。,when did the earthquake happen？地震是什么时候发生 的？ has anything happened to him？他出什么事了吗？ didnt it occur to you to phone them about it? 你难道就没想到过给他们打个电话说那件事吗？ great changes have taken place in my hometown recently.最 近在我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 the world war bro

51、ke out in 1939. 第二次世界大战于1939年爆发。,【一言辨异】it occured to me that an accident happened a few days ago that though great changes had taken place in the past five years with everyone rich enough，a flood broke out and nothing remained.我突然想到了几天前的一次事故，尽管在过去的五年里发生了很大的变化，每个人都富了起来，可是一场洪水暴发了，什么都没有留下。 考法提示：常考查它的固定

52、句型以及同其它词的辨析。,【即境活用】 完成句子 我想到了一个好主意。 a good idea . 他从未想过他会被北京大学录取。 never he would be admitted to beijing university. 事故发生时我碰巧在那儿。 i when the accident happened. 恰巧我身上没钱。 i had no money with me.,occurred to me,it,occurred to him that,happened to be there,it happened that, it never occurred to me _ you

53、could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. awhich bwhat cthat dif 解析本题考查固定句型。句意为“我从未想过你会成功说服他改变主意”。it occurs/occured to sb that是固定句型，意为“某人想起”，其中that引导主语从句。 答案c,8show up出席，到场，露面 (教材原句)when justin did not show up for lunch the next day，.第二天午饭时贾斯廷仍未露面，(p3) why didnt you show up yesterday？昨天你怎么

54、没到场？ it was ten oclock when he finally showed up. 10点钟他终于到了。 the dust on the shelf shows up in the sunlight. 在阳光下架子上的灰显出来了。,【用法归纳】 show sb around带领某人参观 show sb in带某人进来 show sb out带某人出去 show off炫耀 show sb to the door带某人到门口 show the way带路,he showed the visitors around his school. 他领着来访者参观了他的学校。 the ho

55、st showed all the guests into the hall. 主人把所有的客人带进了大厅。 wait a momentill have tom show you out. 等一下我让汤姆带你出去。,【即境活用】 完成句子 她想向所有的朋友炫耀她的新车。 she wanted her new car to all her friends. 我先走，给你带路。 ill go first and . 他让那只小狗带我们到门口，让我们非常惊奇。 he had the little dog the door, us amazed.,to show off,show you the wa

56、y,show us to,which made,we become angry with tom，for he promised to come but hasnt _ yet. ashown off bshown around cshown out dshown up 解析本题考查动词短语辨析。句意为“我们对汤姆生气了，因为他答应来的，但是到现在都还没露面”。show off炫耀；show around带领(某人)参观；show out带(某人)出去； show up 出现，露面。 答案d,whenever possible，mr smith_how well he speaks spani

57、sh. ashows around bshows up cshows off dshows out 解析此题考查动词短语辨析。show.around带参观；show up出现，暴露；show off 炫耀； show sb out带某人出去。句意为“无论何时，只要有可能，史密斯先生就会炫耀他的西班牙语讲得有多么好”。 答案c,9aboard prep. & adv.到/在(车、船、飞机)上 (教材原句)the aliens took me aboard the ufo so that they could do research on me.那些外星人将我劫持到不明飞行物上，以便他们在我身上做

58、研究。(p3) 【句法分析】这是一个主从复合句，so that引导目的状语从句。 he was already aboard the plane.他已经登机了。 they went aboard.他们上了船(车、飞机)。,【用法归纳】 aboard prep. & adv.到/在(车、船、飞机)上 abroad adv.在/到国外 board v上(车、船等)n.木板 broad adj.宽阔的,【一言辨异】 my brother has never been abroad before，so he is finding this trip very exciting.when the beautiful air hostess said，“welcome aboard！”he cant wait to aboard the plane. 我弟弟以前从未出过国，所以他对于这次旅行非常兴奋。当美丽的空姐说：“欢迎乘坐！”时，他迫不及待地登上