高三易记单词-构词法.ppt

1、,单词构成 前缀 词根 后缀,构词法名师P184,构词法：,合成(Compounding),派生法（Derivation）,转化法（Conversion）,workmate, like-minded，break,派生法:由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词的方法。,happy-happily -happiness,unhappy-unhappily -unhappiness,一、前缀，1.否定,happy - unhappy appear - disappear possible - impossible smoker - non-smoker take - mistake,Match A a

2、nd B.,unlike不像;dislike不喜欢 disappear消失 impolite没有礼貌的 mislead误导 unnecessary不必要的 disadvantage缺点 non-stop不停地 disbelieve不相信 misunderstand误解,常用于 形容词 动词 b/p/m开头的形容词 名词/动词 动词,Check ourselves,The boy said nothing but quietly walked away, _ (appear) in the dark.,disappearing,2. 表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀,1) a- 表示“在之上”，“向

3、” aboard, aside, 2) inter-, intel-, 表示“在间，相互” international, interaction, internet 3） mid-, 表示“中，中间” midday, midnight, mid-autumn,5) out-, 表示“在上面，在外部，向外” outline, outside, outward, outgoing 6) over-, 表示“在上面，在外部，超过” overhead, overboard 7)extra-, 表示“额外” extraordinary 8) fore- 表示“在前面” forehead, foregro

4、und 9)in-, 表示“向内，在内，背于” inland, inside,2. 表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀,under-, 表示“在.下面，下的” underline, underground, underwater 11) up-, 表示“向上，向上面，在上” upward, uphold, uphill(上坡),1re-“又,再” repeat, review, return, reunite, remarry 2. co“联合，伴同” cooperate, coexist, co-worker 3. super“在上；加之” superman, supermarket,3.表示其他

5、意义的前缀:,名词的常见后缀,-tion -ness -ment -er -or -ist -ant,destination sadness settlement writer actor artist servant,常在形容词后,2.后缀: (改变词性）,关于人的词缀： -er,（人， 动作执行者） -ese（人， 语言） -ian（人） -ist （人，大家） -or （人，动作者） tion （行为，状态） -ness (性质）,singer, fighter, teacher Chinese, Japanese musician, Russian, artist, pianist,

6、scientist, conductor, visitor, professor invention， liberation，operation business， illness， darkness,形容词： -al -ful （充满的） -less -y 动词：-ize 副词：-ly,形容词： physical, national, political, useful, careful, helpful fearless, useless, careless cloudy, sunny, dirty apologize organize badly， angrily， truly,无,副词

7、要去e的：true, gentle, simple,-ly,-ize,-able,-ment,-er,-or,-ist,-ian,-tion,-ness,-ful,-sive,-tive,-ed,-ing,-ful,-en-,合成： 把两个或更多的词合成一个词。 合成的词构成大致有以下几种情况。,1.合成名词： 2.合成动词： 3.合成形容词,birthday roommate football blackboard understand safe-guard white-wash snow-white hand-made dark-blue,It has a good taste.,It t

8、astes very good.,book,n.书籍,v.记载,record,n.记录,v. 记录,This book is very good.,He is booking the history.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,clean,adj. 干净,v.清扫,Please keep tidy and clean.,You have to clean the blackboard after class.,n.书籍,v.记载,n.书籍,v.记载,n.记录,v. 记录,n.记录,v. 记录

9、,record,n.记录,v. 记录,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,book,v.记载,record,n.记录,v. 记录,This book is very good.,He is booking the history.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,clean,adj. 干净,v.清扫,Please keep tidy and clean.,You have to clean the blackboard after class.,v.

10、记载,n.记录,v. 记录,n.记录,v. 记录,record,n.记录,v. 记录,n.记录,转化活用法适用于双性词,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,book,n.书籍,v.记载,record,n.记录,v. 记录,This book is very good.,He is booking the history.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,clean,adj. 干净,v.清扫,Please keep tidy and clean.,Yo

11、u have to clean the blackboard after class.,n.书籍,v.记载,n.书籍,v.记载,n.记录,v. 记录,n.记录,v. 记录,record,n.记录,v. 记录,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,book,v.记载,record,n.记录,v. 记录,This book is very good.,He is booking the history.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,clean,adj.

12、 干净,v.清扫,Please keep tidy and clean.,You have to clean the blackboard after class.,v.记载,n.记录,v. 记录,n.记录,v. 记录,record,n.记录,v. 记录,n.记录,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,This book is very good.,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,He is booking the history.,This book is very good.,It has a

13、 good taste.,It tastes very good.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,He is booking the history.,This book is very good.,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,Please keep tidy and clean.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,He is booking t

14、he history.,This book is very good.,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,You have to clean the blackboard after class.,Please keep tidy and clean.,He broke the record.,He recorded something while reading a book.,He is booking the history.,This book is very good.,It has a good taste.,It tastes v

15、ery good.,Practice (II):,rain(形容词) _ agree(反义)_ nation(形容词)_ farm(人)_ recent(副词)_ friend(形容词)_ hope(形容词)_ back(形容词)_ visit(名词)_ home(形容词) _ eight(序数词)_ true(名词)_ America(形容词)_ China(形容词)_,按括号内的要求改写下列单词,rainy,national,recently,hopeful,visitor,eighth,American,disagree,farmer,friendly,backwards,homeles

16、s,truth,Chinese,With the (1)_ (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more (2)_ more serious. In Beijing, many people suffer different kinds of (3) _（ill）because of air pollution. Air pollution is caused (4)_ the following reasons: about half of the problem is caused by vehicles. There are more and more cars, buses on the roads, and they give out (5)_ (poison）gases. 25%of air pollution is caused by factories. Another (6)_ (fact) is t