八年级英语下册 Unit 1 Past and Present语法点拨教案 （新版）牛津版

1、Unit 1 Past and present一、教学内容：Unit 1 Past and present Language points二、教学目标：掌握课文中的重点语言点及用法 1. He used to live in Nanjing.他过去住在南京。used to do something. 表示“过去常常做某事”be used to doing something表示“习惯于做某事”be used to do 表示“被用来做某事”，主语常常是物。e.g. . I used to get up at 6 oclock. But now I often get up at 7 ocloc

2、k. We are used to reading English very early in the morning. A knife is used to cut something.(1) My grandmother_ a history teacher in a middle school.(过去曾是)(2) _ you _in Beijing now?（习惯住在）(3) Mobile phones_ communicate with other people. （被用来）2. We lived together until 1965 when I got married. 我们一起

3、住直到1965年我结婚。1) till ( prep& conj. 介词/连词) 和until类似，常用于口语中，但不可用在句首。肯定句（谓语动词是延续性的）+ till “到为止”I will stay here till 6:00 p.m. then I will go.否定句not（谓语动词是短暂性的） + till “直到才”He didnt leave till it rained heavily.句首只能用until Until he returns, I can do nothing.他不回来,我什么也不能做。区分 until / notuntile.g. a. 昨天我们等他一直

4、等到九点钟。We waited for him _ nine oclock.b. 他们直到写完作业才回家。They did _go home _ they finished their homework.2) 结婚；娶；嫁a.be/get married结婚Do you know that she is married? 你知道她结婚了吗？b. get married to sb. 和某人结婚My father got married to my mother in 1978. 1978年我的父亲和母亲结婚了。c. marry sb. 娶/嫁某人The boy will marry the p

5、retty girl and the girl is willing to marry him.那个男孩子将会娶那个女孩子，那个女孩也愿意嫁给他。区别：My parents got/were married 18 years ago. /get married (点)My parents have been married for 18 years. /be married(表示“结婚”。)get married to sb. 娶；嫁给；和结婚 She finally got married to the rich man.get married 短暂性动词不能接一段时间be married

6、延续性动词可以接一段时间I _married in 1997. = We have _ married for 11years . marry 可作为及物动词。如：She always wants to marry a rich man.What kinds of men do you want to marry?(1) 去年杰克和海伦结婚了。Jack _ Helen last year.(2) 十年前他们结婚了。 They _ _ ten years _.3. I moved here with my family when I was two years old and have live

7、d here since then.since: prep. & conj. 从以来一直到现在since 1990since two years agosince last yearsince thenWe have been good friends since 1993.We have known each other since we studied in the primary school.现在完成时 + since + 一般过去时态4. Has the place changed a lot? 那个地方变化大么？*change为不及物动词，意思是“变化”。如：Things have

8、 changed a lot in Suzhou.All of my classmates have changed during these years.* change into 表示“变成某物”。如：He tried to change iron into gold. Water changes into steam after it boils.* change 作名词Lets go to a restaurant for a change .Great changes have taken place in China.5. The noise was terrible when t

9、he plane took off.当飞机起飞的时候，噪音是很可怕的。take off的意思是“起飞”；land的意思是“降落”。take off 还有另一个意思，脱下（衣服）。如：Youd better take off your coat because its too hot.6. Many of them have moved to other areas and I feel a bit lonely from time to time. 他们中的很多人已经搬到了别的地方，有时我觉得有点孤单。lonely的意思是“孤独的，寂寞的”。alone的意思是“独自一人”。leave sb.

10、/sth. alone 听其自然, 不要去管, 让某人独自留在那let sth. alone 随它去；不干涉（打扰）e.g. The old man lived alone but he never felt lonely.Dont feel lonely. You have our support.他独自一人在屋里。_from time to time意为“时不时，时而”，= at times, sometimes。他只是偶尔去看看电影。He only goes to the cinema from time to time.那个小偷不时地停下来张望。The thief stopped to

11、 look around at times.a bit意为“有一点点”， 类似于a little，可修饰动词、形容词或名词,通常的顺序是：v. + a bit a bit+ adj.a bit of +u.n(不可数)如：a bit lonely 有一点孤单a bit of用来修饰名词。a bit of music 一点音乐如：Would you please turn down the TV a bit?I feel a bit nervous to speak in front.7. How well do you know Sunshine Town?I know the place v

12、ery well.问到对某人/物/地有多少程度的了解时，用 “How well know?” 来提问。e.g (1)你对中国的历史有怎样的了解啊？How well do you know the history of China?(2) She knew light rail a little.(划线部分提问)_ _ _ she know light rail?8. However, it has become more difficult to see some of my old friends.it 在本句中作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语 to see some of my ol

13、d friends. 此时，不把不定式结构to see some of my old friends放在句首，而是放在句子的后部，以防头重脚轻。类似的结构：It is + adj.+ for sb. to do sth.It is our duty to help them.It is easy for me to answer this question.9. notany more 表示“不再”。He isnt a student any more.他不再是个学生了。比较：notany longer 与 notany morenotany more常用来强调数量和次数；而notany lo

14、nger常用来强调时间或动作的延续。如：The TV set has been repaired four times. It cant be repaired any more.这台电视机已修了四次了，不能再修了。She isnt a student any longer.她不再是个学生了。【典型例题】 一、词汇A. 根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。1. I am _(surprise) at the news. What about you?2. When I passed the driving test, I thought I was the_(luck) person in th

15、e world.3.The little boy is _(kind) to his classmates, so nobody likes him.4. What do you think about the air _(pollute) in your hometown?5. Danny and Daniel are brothers, and their_(wife) are sisters. Thats interesting.B. 根据句意及所给汉语提示完成单词。1. The old woman is crying_(悲伤). What happened to her?2. Ive_

16、(刚刚) known it. Sorry to hear that.3. Kitty got_(结婚) last year. Her husband is a computer programmer.4. The plane _(降落) at six this morning. Everything was OK.5. How many _(街区) are there in your hometown?C. 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。1. Whats on TV?Chairman Hu Jintao is having an i_ with President George Bush.2.

17、 My teeth hurt again, Mum.Go to see a d_ this time, OK?3. Do you know Hu Ronghua?Of course. Hes good at playing Chinese c_.4. Taiwan I_ is the biggest one in China. Do you know?5. Do you think what c_ the accident?The bad weather. 【答案】A. 1. surprised 2. luckiest 3. unkind 4. pollution 5. wivesB. 1.

18、sadly 2. just 3. married 4. landed 5. blocksC. 1. interview 2. dentist 3. chess 4. Island 5. caused二、单项选择。1.When did your father_ your mother?A. marryB. marry toC. marry withD. get married2. There_ great changes in our country during the past twenty years.A. have beenB. has beenC. has hadD. have had

19、3. Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive_ Paris_ the morning of July 9.A. at, inB. in, onC. in, inD. at, on4. I must return the book to Li Lei. I_ it for two weeks.A. keepB. borrowedC. have keptD. have lent5. Where is Sandy?She_ to answer the phone. She will be back in a minute.A. is goingB

20、. wentC. has beenD. has gone6. _ have you lived here? Since 1995.A. How farB. How longC. How oftenD. How soon7. There used_ an old building here.A. to haveB. to beC. havingD. being8. Im very_ to have such a _ trip.A. pleased, pleasantB. pleasant, pleasedC. pleased, pleaseD. pleasing, pleasant9. When

21、 Dad comes back, he always_ his shoes and leaves them by the front door.A. tries onB. takes offC. takes awayD. puts on10. Tom has never been to America, _?A. isnt heB. is heC. hasnt heD. has he【答案】15 AABCD 610 BBABD三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. He_(leave) here ten minutes ago.2. How many times_ you _ (be) to Ja

22、pan?Never.3. Where_ you _(be)? I didnt see you just now.I _(go) to the school library.4. _ you _(have) your lunch? When and where_ you_(have) it?5. I_(make) a lot of friends since I _(move) here.6. They were very pleased when the plane landed_.(safe)7. My father used to _(walk)to school. But he ride

23、s a bike now.【答案】1. left 2. have been 3. have been, went 4. Have had, did have 5. have made, moved6. safely 7. walk四、句型转换A. 按要求变换句型1. I saw the film 2046 just now.(用just作状语)I _ just_ the film 2046.2. Ive read this book.(改为一般疑问句)_ _ read this book?3. Shes already done her homework.(改为否定句)She_ _ her h

24、omework _.4. Ive known him since he came here. (对划线部分提问)_ _ _you known him?5. Has Danny come?(作否定回答)_, he_.B. 同义句转换1. Actually he didnt know it at all._ _ he didnt know it at all.2. Mary married Simon in 1999.Mary and Simon _ _ in 1999.3. I miss my old friend sometimes.I miss my old friend _ _ _ _.4

25、. I have over one thousand books at home.I have _ _ one thousand books at home.5. I bought the bike ten years ago.I _ _ the bike _ ten years ago.【答案】A. 1. have, seen 2. Have you 3. hasnt done, yet 4. How long have 5. No, hasntB. 1. In fact 2. got married 3. from time to time 4. more than 5. have had, since五、句子翻译1. 这部电影有助于帮你了解中国的过去和现在。This film helps you _ _ Chinas _ and _.2. 这幢教学大楼已经投入使用5年了。This teaching building has_ _ _ for five years.3. 深