Lecture2：Whatislinguistics？.ppt

1、lecture two : what is linguistics？廖美珍，1。warming-up questions，I was wondering how many of you have ever for a moment in your life happened to think of the 2。What is language？3.Is language important？is it more important than(less important，as important as) our eyes，hands，ears or legs？2 .Aims of this l

2、ecture，1 .get a gist of what linguistic science is and is about . 2 . get aware that language is crucial to human evolution . 3 . get aware the Al to human civilization.3 .definitions of linguistics，(1)linguistics is the science of language。(2)linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study

3、 of language。not any But language in general。it is concerned with human language as a universal And recognizable part of human behavior And of the human faculties Perhaps one of the most essents分为理论语言学和具体语言学。前者研究人类语言的一般规律，后者研究具体语言的存在和发展规律，例如汉语语言学、英语语言学和其他研究目的，具体语言学还可以分为语言学和历史语言学。前者研究某一时期的状态，后者研究语言古今

4、的演变。另外，为了研究语言实践问题，特别是与通信科学技术、机器翻译、语言教育、语言运用等相关的语言实践问题，对应用语言学、数学语言学、心理语言学、社会语言学等进行了分类。语言学的内部分科有语音学、语言文学、语言学、语用学等。语言研究已有2000多年历史的历史、中国、印度和希腊是世界上第一个研究语言的国家(1989年版，447页)。，4 .the subject matter，the subject matter of linguistics comprises all manifestations of human speech，whether that of savages Or cc Or

5、 of arche，and that is not all : since He is often unable to observe speech directly，He must consider written texts，for only through them can He re(desausure，1916，p 5。the scope of linguistics，the scope of linguistics should be : to describe And trace the history of all observable languages，-to detert

6、es(desaussure，1916，p.6) phonology、morphology、semantics、pragmatics And applied linguistics。linguistics is also one of the social sciences，In that the phenomena forming its subject-matter are part of the behavior or men and women In son7.difference between General linguistics And study of individual l

7、anguages，General linguistics is concerned with human language as a universageall languages share some features in common，whether in pronunciations，grammatical organization，Or expressivepower.the evidencethere are at least three thousand languages in The world . it is impossible for a general linguis

8、t to know about every language . he usually connone On a llall the languages of the world And all the different uses to which in the various circum stances of mankind they are put，Constitutes the field of the、language、and linguistics、The science of language、embraces equally living languages、Languages still used today as means OS and s