提高英语的读写能力--拉丁、希腊语词根.ppt

1、Susan Ebbers 2005,1,English Words from Latin the rest is made up of interjections, conjunctions, prepositions, suffixes, etc. These figures take no account of entries with senses for different parts of speech (such as noun and adjective).,Susan Ebbers 2005,3,Yea, yea, so get to the point,This sugges

2、ts that there are, at the very least, a quarter of a million distinct English words, excluding inflections, and words from technical and regional vocabulary not covered by the OED, or words not yet added to the published dictionary, of which perhaps 20 per cent are no longer in current use. If disti

3、nct senses were counted, the total would probably approach.,Susan Ebbers 2005,4,Are you ready for this?,three quarters of a million 750,000 Thatsalotawords!,Susan Ebbers 2005,5,Real world demands.,Only 30% of 4th graders are proficient readers National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP 2007)

4、42 million adults in the US are functionally illiterate, meaning that cant read the front page of the newspaper. (NAEP 2007) Lack of vocabulary can be a crucial factor underlying the school failure of disadvantage students (Becker, 1977; Bielmiller, 1999).,Susan Ebbers 2005,6,The average sixth grade

5、 student knows approximately 25,000 words. The average high school graduate knows approximately 50,000 words. This means that average students learn roughly 2000-3,000 words a year (Graves, 2007). This translates to 8 words a day, 7 days a week, 52 weeks a year - including weekends or summers.,Shrin

6、king personal vocabularies,Susan Ebbers 2005,7,Some specifics on the importance of vocabulary Growing up in poverty can seriously restrict the vocabulary children learn before beginning school and make attaining an adequate vocabulary a very challenging task (Coyne, Simmons, White, Graves, may also

7、be referred to as a base word inspector, thermal affix: meaningful part of a word attached before or after a root or base word to modify its meaning prefix: an affix which is placed before the stem of a word re-, un-, dis- suffix: an affix which is placed after the stem of a word -able, -ive, -ly de

8、rivation-a word formed from an existing word, root, or affix: electric, electricity,Susan Ebbers 2005,12,20 Most Frequent Prefixes in School Texts,Susan Ebbers 2005,13,Prefixes: Meaning and Connotation,Susan Ebbers 2005,14,Derivational Suffixes,Derivational suffixes change the part of speech words e

9、nding with tion are often nouns words ending with ive are often adjectives words ending with ish are often adjectives words ending with ity are often nouns What about -ment, -ous, -ness?,Susan Ebbers 2005,15,Greek Combining Forms,Susan Ebbers 2005,16,Counting in Greek and Latin,Susan Ebbers 2005,17,

10、Developing content-specific, academic vocabulary depends on a basic understanding of Greek and Latin,Sixty percent of the words in English texts are of Latin and Greek origin Bear et al., 1996; Henry, 1997,Susan Ebbers 2005,18,Content-Specific Greek Terms Anatomy and Medical Terms esophagus, thyroid

11、, diagnosis, psoriasis, dyslexia Studies and Sciences biology, seismology, morphology, geochronometry Animals and Plants arachnid, amphibian, chlorophyll, dinosaur, nectar Theatre and the Arts charisma, drama, chorus, muse, symphony, acoustics,Susan Ebbers 2005,19,Look InsideLook Outside pneumonoult

12、ramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis Look inside the word for known word parts: prefixes, roots or combining forms, suffixes. Use the analogy strategy“I dont know this word, but I know pneumonia and I know volcano, so by analogy, this word might have something to do with lungs and heat.” Look outside

13、the word at context clues, visuals The coal miners, coughing and wheezing, suffered from pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis.,Susan Ebbers 2005,20,So what exactly are we going to do here at Oltman Middle School?,Learn to use context clues effectively Study and practice most common root words Study