b4u4Grammar.ppt

1、人教课标 高一 必修4 Unit 4,Grammar,Body language,一: V-ing 形式由 “doing” 构成, 其否定形式是 “not doing”, V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但有时态和语态的变化。,V-ing 形式,(not) doing,(not) being done,(not) having done,(not) having been done,V-ing 形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。,1. 作定语 V-ing 形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语, 这时有两种情况。 -ing形式表示 “供作.之用”的意思,

2、 这类作定语的-ing形式过去叫动名词。 A swimming pool = a pool for swimming,A sleeping car,= a car for sleeping,2) -ing形式表示 “.的” 意思, 过去叫 现在分词 A sleeping child working people the rising sun,-ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后, 相当于一个定语从句。如: They are visitors coming from several countries. The boy standing there is a classmate o

3、f mine.,2. 作状语 可以表示时间, 原因, 结果, 条件, 行为方式或伴随动作等。,Using your head, youll find a good way.,条件,1) Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. = Four people enter the room and looked around in a curious way. (伴随动作) 2) Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set.,(原因),3) Working hard, youll su

4、rely succeed.,条件,4) The boy sat in front of the farm- house, cutting the branch.,伴随,5) He came running back to tell me the news.,方式,6) (When) Hearing the news, he got frightened. = When he heard the news, he got frightened. (时间, 可以在分词前保留when),7) The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against t

5、he door.,结果,8) 与逻辑主语构成独立主格： I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head. 我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。 Time permitting, well do another two exercises. 如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。,有时也可用with (without)+名词（代词宾格）+分词形式 With the lights burn

6、ing, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。,Attention Please,-ing形式作状语时, 它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。,Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the whole city. (分词的逻辑主语是time, 而句子的主语是I, 两者不构成主谓关系, 所以只能用独立主格结构, 也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。),the British lady,the Columbian,the Japanese,the Canadian,You see her step back appearing surprised.,

7、His nose touches Mr. Cooks moving hand.,You see her step back appearing surprised. = You see her step back and she appears surprised.,They also express their feelings using unspoken language.,=They also express their feelings by the way of using unspoken language.,His nose touched Mr. Cooks moving h

8、and. =His nose touched Mr. Cooks hand which is moving.,= They are visitors who come from several countries.,They are visitors coming from several countries.,= This is an experience which is exciting.,This is an exciting experience.,1. When he approached Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed h

9、er. _ _ Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her.,Rewrite the following sentences.,When,approaching,2. The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages. The person _ _ _ can speak seven languages.,translating,the,songs,3. The boy standing there is reading a book about body l

10、anguage. The boy _ _ _ there is reading a book about body language.,who,is,standing,4. Because he comes from Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question. _ _ Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question.,Coming,from,5. She sat at the desk and did her homework. She sat at the desk _ _ _.,doing,her,h

11、omework,1. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _ (say)nothing about the argument.,用括号里的词的适当形式填空,saying,2. _ (gather )around the fire, the tourists danced with the lo-cal people. 3. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _ (keep) on your feet.,Gathering,keeping,4. Do you wake up every mo

12、rning _ (feel)energetic and ready to start a new day? 5. More highways have been built in China, _ (make)it much easier for people to travel from one place to an-other.,feeling,making,6. _ (look) at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. 7. Dina, _ (struggle)for months to fin

13、d a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.,Looking,having struggled,8. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _(send)supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.,sending,9. It rained heavily in the south, _ (cause)serious flooding in sev

14、eral provinces.,causing,用动词的-ing形式改写下列句子。 1. The picture that hangs on the wall is a world-famous one. The picture _ on the wall is a world-famous one. 2. Because he hadnt received an answer, he decided to write another letter to him. _ _ _ an answer, he decided to write another letter to him.,hangi

15、ng,Not having received,3. When he sees the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown. _ the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown. 4. Because it is Sunday, there are no students in the school. It _ _, there are no students in the school.,Seeing,being Sunday,5. He hunted all the shops to look f

16、or a nice present for his mother. He hunted all the shops, _ _ a nice present for his mother.,looking for,1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.,Not having,working,Seein