M4U3语法.ppt

1、Grammar and usage,Unit,3,The passive voice 被动语态,Unit 3,Learning aims：,By the end of the period, Ss will be able to To master the basic forms of the passive voice To learn some important Grammar rules,Lead in,看图完成句子,The man _(call) “ Good husband”.,is called,The pet dog _(treat) now by the nurse.,is

2、being treated,A frog _ ( catch) by a big bird just now.,was caught,The man is called “ Good husband”.,The pet dog is being treated now by nurse.,A frog was caught by a big bird just now.,一、被动语态的定义： 语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是谓语动作的执行者，则为主动语态；当主语是谓语动作的承受者，则为被动语态。,The passive voice,被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成

3、，时态通过be表现出来。,am/is/are 一般现在时,am/is/are+being 现在进行时,shall/will+be 一般将来时,have/has+been 现在完成时,+ done,+ done,was/were 一般过去时,was/were+being 过去进行时,would+be 过去将来时,had+been 过去完成时,Practice,Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given:,I _(give) a new book by my father on my birthday. 2. English

4、_(find) very useful. 3. The work _(finish) tomorrow. 4. The flowers _ _ (water) by them now.,was given,is found,will be finished,are being watered,The railway _ (build) this time last year. The new way _ already _ (build). The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year. He told me the sports meet

5、ing _(hold) the next month.,was being built,has,been built,had been built,would be held,We will learn some important grammar rules,( 书P.51) Andy was bored with listening to the same CD every day. The verb bore is used in the passive voice and functions as _.,adjective,be born in/on be disappointed a

6、t/by be puzzled by be pleased by/with be surprised at/by be fascinated by (被吸引） be impressed at/by/with be situated (located) in/on (位于） be lost/absorbed in (沉溺于) be dressed in （穿着.),即学即用 达标检测 1,1. The children are getting _ about the coming holiday. ( exciting / excited ) 2. All of us were very _ l

7、ast Saturday because our team lost the game.( disappointing / disappointed ) 3. My parents are quite _ with my test results. ( pleasing / pleased),Level B,(主动语态) I saw him go there. (被动语态) He was seen to go there. Rule:这种主动句中用省to的不定式作宾补，变被动时定要加上to。这种谓语动词有feel，hear，listen to，let，make，have， see，notice

8、，look at，watch（即常言道“一感二听三让四看见”）。,即学即用 达标检测 2,1.They make us do all the work. 被动句： We are made to do all the work by them. 2. We often hear her sing songs. 被动句： She is often heard to sing songs by us. 3. I saw him walk to school. 被动句： He was seen to walk to school by me.,Level B,get 可以代替被动语态中的be 如 ge

9、t started, get paid, get married , get worried about , get dressed, get hurt Eg. 1. The young man gets paid by the day. 2.Please wait a while. Ill just go and get changed.,11/30,主动形式表示被动含义 (1)持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay (2)变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, get, go (3)表像系动词：表示“看

10、起来好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等 (4)感官系动词：表示“起来”，有feel,smell, sound, taste,Translation,1.The food doesnt taste good here. 2.The material feels very soft. 3.The voice sounds sweet. 4.She had grown thinner and thinner. 5.He stayed single. 6.He seems (to be) quite happy. 7.Everybody feels contented.,即学即用 达

11、标检测 3,1. The flowers_ sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. smelling B. to smell C. smelt D. to be smelt,主动形式表示被动含义,(2.)write,read,sell,wash,open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,taste,drink 与well, badly,easily等评价性副词连用时用主动形式表被动意义。这些副词表示的是主语的品质或性能。 Eg: 1. The new product sells we

12、ll. 2.The cloth washes easily. 3. This kind of pen writes smoothly.,主动形式表示被动含义,C.) 动词 need,want, require和be worth 等词后面接动名词时，动名词虽为主动形式但表示被动含义。 Eg. 1.The house needs/wants/requires repairing.(=to be repaired) d.) be to blame用主动形式表示被动含义。 Eg. 1.Who is to blame for the fire ?,1.Your hair wants_(cut). 2.T

13、his pen_(write)well. 3.The palace caught fires three times in the last century, and little of the original building _ now. A. remains B. is remained C. Is remaining D. has been remaining,即学即用 达标检测4,cutting,writes,A,某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义 She told me that the fish was not fit to eat. He is the on

14、e who is hard to please.,表开始，结束，运动的动词，如begin, finish, start, stop, end ,run, move等 eg. Work began at 7 oclock this morning. The shop closes at 6 p.m every day.,被动语态用法： 一It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句。常用于这 一结构的动词有：say,report,expect,prove,suppose等，该结构通常可转化为“be+过去分词+不定式”。 eg. It is reported that they are sailing

15、 in the Pacific.-They are reported to be sailing in the Pacific. It is said that Mr.Bell invented the first telephone.-Mr.Bell is said to have invented the first telephone. 当不定式to后的动作早于不定式to前的动作发生，不定式to后的动作应用现在完成时，表示动作的完成。 eg.The old bridge is said to have been built in the early 1930s.,二情态动词的被动语态 情

16、态动词被动语态的结构为： 一般式：情态动词（can,could,may,might,must,should,need等）+ be+过去分词. 完成式：情态动词（can,could,may,might,must,should,need等）+ have+ been+过去分词。 例如：1）You neednt mention his plan in your speech.- His plan neednt be mentioned in your speech. 2）You might have completed your task ahead of time.-Your task might

17、have been completed ahead of time.,课堂回顾,1. the basic form: be+done 2. (1) . be bored with(.) (2). see sb. do= sb. be seen to do (3) get + done (4) 主动形式表被动意思 a) 连系动词 b) write与well,easily等副词连用 c) need+doing,1 The window is dirty. I know. It _ for weeks. （2004全国03） A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wa

18、snt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned 2. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _ in Beijing. A. would be completed B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completed,3.How long _ at this job? Since 1990. (NMET 2003北京春季, 27) A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had y

19、ou been employed D. will you be employed 4.What happened to the priceless works of art? _. (NMET 2003北京春季, 34) A. They were destroyed in the earthquake B. The earthquake was destroying them C. They destroyed in the earthquake D. The earthquake destroyed them,B,A,5. This is Teds photo. We miss him a

20、lot. He _ trying to save a child in the earthquake. A. killed B is killed C. was killed D. was killing 6. Rainforests and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. (2002 上海春季, 30) A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut,7. Selecting a mobile phone

21、for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly. A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change 8. Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes. (NMET 2001北京春季, 12) A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose,9. A new cinema _ here. They hope to finish it next mo

22、nth. A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D .is being built,D,10.Our teacher _ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 11. In some part of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served,12. It was reported

23、that the murderer _ arrested. A. has been B. had been C. has D. had 13.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumpedD. to jump,B,D,14. Great changes _ in China since the Peoples Republic of China _ in 1949. A. have taken place; was founded B. has taken place; was founded C. have bee

24、n taken place; foundedD. took place; founded 15.Why does Ling Ling look so unhappy? She has _ by her classmates. A. laughed B. laughed at C. been laughed D. been laughed at,A,D,16. I promise that matter will _. A. be taken care B. be taken care of C. take care D. take care of 17. No permission has _ for anybody to enter the building.