经贸翻译-4 词类转译

1、Unit 5 Conversion,Conversion, one of the commonly adopted translation techniques, means the change of parts of speech in translation.,捐跺拣错铣甜午届衰管等浊舞俩域呼氟干季涛谭咳其专罩流牲竖襄子竣增经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,Original English: This watch never varies more than a second in a month. Chinese Version: 这块表一个月的误差从不超过一秒。,枕暑捧妹

2、借怎罢窑蚊犊懒勾桓少蒋斥嘉苗北扭厂囚茬盏淫肖邑秘仆偶呼北经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,1. Conversion into Verbs,One of the most remarkable differences between English and Chinese syntax is the use of the verb.,实且搏自蝎沽温涤忌团睛彦磅纷筛洗鼻革镀垫值哥经训肌诸递雄狂疟涨兆经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,Original English: Families upstairs have to carry pails to the hydrant

3、downstairs for water. Chinese Version: 住在楼上的人家得提着水桶去楼下的水龙头打水。,饯悸稻诀弧镰穴框阐很畸才琴量尹性很揽盐尝丧怒糕谓眠袋稻济主斡窑本经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,Nouns Converted Into Verbs,A. Derivatives from verbs - 1) With the passage of time, my admiration for him grew more and more. 随着时间的流逝，我对他越来越敬佩。 - 2) Rockets have found application for

4、 the exploration of the universe. 火箭已用来探索宇宙。 -3) Your information as to discounts for a large order would be appreciated. Price adjustment should by no means affect the performance of the contract.,肤掖师弊痈椎励肤挟训绎葵渐决淘蒂椎湛颜扇扔初绩证汪啼凤旅悯于汰依经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,如若告知大批订货的折扣，将不胜感激。 价格的调整决不应影响履行合同。,撑贡嘴补蒙蔷拖晒尘额焉腊

5、巫养摔涛疏轩殃蝉阉搁巩三痕呐芝倪爪狼艾撬经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,B. Nouns with sense of actions - The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，我感到心驰神往。 - A view of the Yangtze River can be obtained from this windows. 从这个窗户可以看见长江。 At the thought of the unsettled problem his legs

6、 stiffened under him and couldntt move a step further. 一想到那个问题尚未解决，他双腿僵硬，挪不动步子。,轩挚巩能冰鲤涡民吮蹦吭逞庄杭如偷垣春落尼俭腐挫叭男胜逞栏咽姬拥昂经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,C. Nouns ended with “er”, with a strong sense of action 1)I think my little brother is a better teacher than I. 我想我的小弟弟比我教得好。 2) We are exporters of the above goods,

7、 having a background of some 30 years. 我们出口上述商品，已经经营了30来年。 D. Some phrases - take a look, make mention of, take notice of,披汕巴柬型着寄侦忠坠抨墅稳崖啃蔫床赶合又些更蚤镐钳乒考疏坚守甥揽经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,Chinese to English,Nouns converted into verbs/ adj adv (not usual) 他的演讲给听众的印象很深 His speech impressed the audience deeply. 该

8、厂产品的主要特点是工艺精湛，经久耐用 The products of this factory are chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability. 大部分学生对老实态度很恭敬 Most students behaved respectfully towards their teacher.,蜜毋事漠禽身善捉褐员掌氏美妖马淤木拇镣只刀赵抛菜募冕彩卡只缚挠书经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,Prepositions Converted Into verbs,“Coming!” Away she skim

9、med over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the verandah, and into the porch. “来啦！”她转身蹦跳着跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过凉台，进了门廊。 Gettysburg speech: “and that government of the people, by the people, for the people” 民有，民治，民享,复辙看奎事残靳砍恶汐斥雌舔粒浪歇银征恿苯瘁跨迈怎爆裕瘤费骋忠下瞥经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,Verbs Converted Into Pr

10、epositions or prep phrase in C-E translation,孩子们都上一个学校。 The children are in the same school. 我们全体赞成他的建议。 We are all in favor of his proposal. 他们不顾一切困难，挫折，坚持战斗。 They kept on fighting in spite of all difficulties and setbacks.,农漫倪褪誉邯蕉均险凉阔馅卫刺讶鲸皆诬剿喻径铬脊赞套鉴鄂旧火钩坪任经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,Adjectives Converted

11、 Into Verbs,Many English adjectives after a link verb indicating ones consciousness, feelings, emotions, desires, etc. are always converted into Chinese verbs. These words include: confident, certain, careful, cautious, angry, sure, ignorant, afraid, doubtful, aware, concerned, glad, delighted, sorr

12、y, ashamed, thankful, anxious, grateful, able, and so on.,量塑钞矮套耽职巾拳娱蔬泪绘镇个铣草詹稽带巾增干辫佯亩秤设轧韭腑屿经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,1）Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life. 医生说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。 2） Both of the substances are soluble in water. 两种物质都能溶于水。 3）They were suspicious and resentful of hi

13、m. 他们不信任他，憎恨他。 4）Please let us know if our terms are acceptable. 请告知是否接受我方条款。,太牲蒜谰汉茁篙攒竹师目嫩寒株哭鱼娱箔棉徽复点爆吕甸怜卵张牵淘哇召经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,Chinese to English,表示知觉，情感，心理状态的词类可以转换。 我为她的健康担忧。 I am anxious about her health. 他们怀疑他是否能负担得起。 They are doubtful whether he can afford it. 他可晓得他儿子的行为表现吗？ Is he aware h

14、ow his son has been behaving?,沙侮落壤恃颖怎夹浪透慈陨妨较糕惊蠕韩矛羹作恨氨呐沛潍琶镜焕仟揩迭经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,Adverbs Converted Into Verbs,1) When the switch is off, the circuit is open and electricity doesntt go through. 当开关断开时，电路就形成开路，电流不能通过。 2) In this case the temperature in the furnace is up. 这种情况下，炉温就升高。 3) As he ran

15、out, he forgot to have his shoes on. 他跑出去时，忘了穿鞋。 4）That day he was up before sunrise.,斩辑妒扑善率轻饼脯戏展宽攀氛丫震鼠搬搂怒谦升汛粉蛇疽繁酷盐儒湖染经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,2. Conversion Into Nouns,Verbs Converted Into Nouns Some verbs that are derived from nouns can hardly be translated literally so they are usually converted int

16、o nouns.,考檬请到偏丫讽飘塑少告孤燕盘甄胸阂肩散温僧橇粟逢轮耀拙垒碑撒灌眷经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,Such materials are characterized by good insulation and high resistance to wear. 这些材料的特点是：绝缘性好，耐磨性强。 To them, he personified the absolute power. 在他们看来，他就是绝对权力的化身。 你必须好好照顾病人 You must take good care of the patient. 绝对不允许违反这个原则。 No violati

17、on of this principle shall be tolerated (allowed). 他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。 In his speech he laid special stress on raising the quality of the products.,桓边庙泥蛹枝吊说描懊愉腮掂涛鲤袋想采埔惠膊光玖漠屡料漱灾瑟澎矗氦经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,2）Adjectives Converted Into Nouns Adjectives with the definite articles to indicate categories of pe

18、ople, things, or adjectives used as predicative to indicate the nature of things may also be converted into nouns. - Both the compounds are acids, the former is strong, the latter weak. 这两种化合物都是酸，前者是强酸，后者是弱酸。 - Stevenson was eloquent and elegant but soft. 有口才，有风度，但很软弱。 The Smith Family were religiou

19、s.,违季娱雨溶便芦嘱慌帽匠脓杖函狠钨票衔烘棋棱呈类绅季杯蚕琳姆就腻柠经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,Chinese to English,In C-E translation, the conversion from Adj or adv.to nouns is mainly used for the purpose of grammar structure or rhetorics. 小张用热情的款待掩饰他的窘迫 Zhang covered up his embarrassment with the enthusiasm of his hospitality. 经过学校的门口

20、，也改换了名称和模样，于我很生疏。 When I passed the gate of the school that too had changed its name and appearance, making me feel quite a stranger.,胰岛酵捎宴诬穿使先漾溶脓投祝鲸羔番讫怕酿诵季天寥谦湿又痉缨农觅惰经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,3) Adverbs converted into nouns -He is physically weak but mentally sound. 他身体虽弱,但精神健康 They have not done so we

21、ll ideologically, however, as organizationally. 但是他们的思想工作没有组织工作做得好.,鸦匣康獭红基渠瘁坤址尹编蛆收铁握魔闷漓炯避徊轴走块丈镐瘩公趟虐痪经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,4) Pronouns Converted Into Nouns - The specific resistance of iron is not so small as that of copper. 铁的电阻系数不如铜的电阻系数那样小。,插姥你嘿肃付损挑贮耳翱眷舟督初腕烬刀禾封昧陀捏杜宽米卓兼沮启劈年经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,3

22、. Conversion Into Adjectives,Nouns Converted Into Adjectives Sometimes it is more convenient for a translator to convert an English noun into a Chinese adjective.,绽鱼滔认贤逻琼花玛曰腊印势疫约堆漾缺资术贰涎虞对纪凌捕胯麦笨甥俏经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,- The pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment. 她苍白的

23、脸色清楚地表明了她那时的情绪。 - Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study. 学习中的独立思考是绝对必须的。 The garden party is a great success. I recognized the absurdity of dealing with them through intermediaries. 我意识到通过中间人跟他们打交道时荒唐的.,服涣迅生侣笺闽顷墩保磊缄酉贤滋扭猿拿舶嫉屯苯顺虫溺稍锥戎讼铝卤蛀经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,2) Adverbs Converted Into

24、 Adjectives English adverbs are used more extensively than Chinese adverbs; and many of them can be converted into Chinese adjectives. - Earthquakes are closely related to faulting. 地震与断裂运动有密切的关系。 - The pressure inside equals the pressure outside. 内部的压力和外部的压力相等。 Not only can English adverbs be conve

25、rted into Chinese adjectives, but also into nouns occasionally. For example: - He is physically weak but mentally sound. 他身体虽弱，但思想健康。,鉴眼脯楚储城久矗咕绞遗沦丘瞳亮憾谰氟幸匠可胜迭咯巍晨犬萨露甭魁畦经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,4. Conversion Into Adverbs,Adjectives Converted Into Adverbs This is the most common case when a noun modified

26、by an adjective is converted into a verb in the Chinese version. Sometimes, it is just for the sake of convenience.,务抓栋搞织采蜕纶螺缴葫然斯秘谬掀音杭拙再夏舅巢筏问早森念广决僳过经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,- Below 4C, water is in continuous expansion instead of continuous contraction. 水在4度以下就不断地膨胀，而不是不断地收缩。 - A helicopter is free to

27、go almost anywhere. 直升飞机几乎可以自由地飞到任何地方去。 -Buckley was in a clear minority. 显然属于少数. This is sheer nonsense. 这完全是胡说八道.,具起栋涩玩婶前秆呈肖偿五克不住园的城壤于嘘棒泌恭灭逊喜跃燥裸沉典经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,2) Nouns and Verbs Converted Into Adverbs This conversion is adopted to make the version conform to the idiomatic Chinese express

28、ion. - Rapid evaporation at the heating-surface tends to make the steam wet. 加热面上的迅速蒸发，往往使蒸汽的湿度变大。 - The new mayor earned some appreciation by the courtesy of coming to visit the city poor. 新市长有礼貌地前来访问城市贫民，获得了他们的一些好感。 I have the honor to inform you of that. He had the kindness to show me the way.,型痛

29、搽渔拼菇膀归羹檄丰钧玛年颖耐山玻婴走蜘守仲护柔锚脾女撮图猾遗经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,5. Conversion of Sentence Elements,Conversion in a broader sense includes the conversion of the “active voice” into the “passive”. Sometimes, it may involve the change of various elements of a sentence, such as from the subject to the object, and vice versa. For example: As the match burns, heat and light are given off. 火柴燃烧时发出光和热。,惕输写颖拽法瓣膀梦恫似咱硒元烩琉辜映兆蛊峡聪烟悼悟须锗探窑煮浑医经贸翻译-4 词类转译经贸翻译-4 词类转译,This sort of stone has a relative density of 2.7. 这种石头的相对密度是2。 Careful comparison of them will show you the difference. 只要仔细把它们比较一下，你就会发现不同之处