名词性从句（44张ppt）.ppt

1、名词性从句,一.相关概念,1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词 2.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作 主语,宾语,表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语,状语。 3.名词性从句： 在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主 语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫: 名词性从句。,1.When we will start is not clear. 2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do it right now. 4.I had no idea that

2、 you were her friend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,I 名词性从句的种类,连接词 ：that、if、whether,无意义,2. 连接代词 ：who、 whom 、whose、 what、 which,3. 连接副词： when、 where、why、how,“是否”,作主/宾/表/定,2.名词性从句的常用连接词,二.连接词,连接代词,连接副词,1. he is has nothing to do with you. ticket this is has not been found out. 3. _well start tomorrow will be t

3、old soon. 4. _we can buy oxen is something we need to find out. 5._he came here is not known.,What,Whose,When,Where,How / When,6._ we can protect the grain from damp needs to be discussed.,How,7._ he said was right. 8._ go there must get ready by 6 oclock.,Whatever,Whoever,名词性从句五大常考考点,考点1：连接词： that

4、与 what 的区别,What we cant get seems better than what we have . That a new teacher will come to our school )is true .,that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不 充当任何成分 what 既有连接作用， 又要在从句中作成分（ 主语，宾语， 表语）(按句意灵活翻译),What makes the matter worse is that it begins to rain. The city is not what it used to be. A mans worth lays not

5、 so much in what he has as in what he is. 人的价值不在于他有什么，而在于他是怎样的人。,what 用作复合关系代词时，既可指代人又可指代物。 1.She is what you call a “bluestocking”。 她就是你说的“女才子”。 2.She is not what she was five years ago. 她不再是5年前的她了。,1.After five hours drive, they reached was the place theyd been dreaming of. 2. The other day, my br

6、other drove his car down the street at was a dangerous speed. 3. The way he did it was different from we were used to. 4._ the earth is round is known to us all. 5. Our school is quite different from _ it was before. 6. Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer.,

7、what,what,what,That,what,that,B : what (什么) / which ( 表选择, 哪一个),1. -Do you know_Mr Blacks address is ? -He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of _. 2. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was? （01北京春季）,what,which,which,考点2.用if 或whether 填空,1. I dont know

8、_ Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow. 3. The question is _ this book is worth writing. 4.Send me a telegram you are to come.,whether / if,whether,whether,if,a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从 句、 介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether， 不能用if ； b.后面紧跟 or not 时, 用whether,考点3.选择填空（what,whatever,),1._ was sai

9、d here must be kept secret. 2. _we need is more time.,Whatever,What,what 做代词，意为“的事物”，“(用以询问某人或某事物的词)什么、多少”，可用来引导名词性从句，并在从句中做主语或宾语；,whatever用作代词，意为“任何(事物)”、“每样(事物) 无论什么”、“不管什么”，可引导名词性从句,1. We promise_attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. wh

10、omever (12福建) (A) 2. The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. A. whoB. when C. howD. what (02全国),C,A,(1) Whoever comes first will get the first prize. Who will come to have dinner is not known. (2) Whoever will be sent to work there will be given a larg

11、e house. Who will be sent to work there hasnt been decided yet.,1. whoever 的含义是：the person who. 或anyone who.(无论(不管)是谁)。who常保留本身疑问的含义，即“谁”；,1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。 _ is a pity . 2.他来不来不重要。 _doesnt matter.,It doesnt matter whether,That he made such a mistake,It is a pity that,考点 ：it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法, it 作形式主语,Wh

12、ether he will come or not,Can you understand them? It is well known/reported/ thought/said that It is clear/necessary/certain/true that It is a pity/a shame/an honor that It doesnt matter whether It seems that It happens that,* (2) it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容， 常用于这些动词后， like/dislike/love/hate /appreciate/make后常

13、跟if 或when从句, it 作形式宾语,*(1) make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that / to do,I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .,1. Ive got to make clear that he told a lie. 2. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004 NMET) A. this B. that C. it D. one 3. 他发现很难使别人理解

14、他. He found _. 4. 我认为我们保持冷静很重要. I think _.,it,it difficult to make himself understood.,it,it important that we should keep calm .,考点5 语序问题,1.The photographs will show you _ （MET89） A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village

15、looks like,2.You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news . A. how he was excited B. how was he excited C. how excited he was D. he was how excited,3.He asked_for a violin.（MET 92） A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid,各种名词性从句常见错误,1.that 与because 的混用 The

16、 reason why he was late for school was because he got up late. (错误) The reason why he was late for school was that he got up late. (正确) Why farmland here is being lost is because farmers have cut down too many trees in recent years.(错误),Why farmland here is being lost is that farmers have cut down t

17、oo many trees in recent years. (正确) 注：reason作主语时引导的表语从句或why引导的名词性从句时常用that不用because.,2.忽略连词that The trouble is that she has lost his address. (表语从句) Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct.15,2003. （同位语从句） That he is a student is a fact.(主语从句）,They complain (that) they have t

18、o work from morning till night, that it is hard to earn money, that they are bullied (欺负) by the policemen, or that the corporation leaders are seated lazily and enjoy the fruits of others work. The teacher said, pleasantly and firmly , that we must overcome the difficulties. We believe that if we w

19、ork harder, I will pass the National College Entrance Examination.,no matter whowhatwhichhowwhere与whoeverwhateverwhicheverhoweverwherever 5. No matter who breaks the rules will be punished. (错误) Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. (正确) 注：whoever, whatever, whichever,however,wherever等连词可以引导名词性

20、从句也可引导让步状语从句，,而no matter whowhatwhichhowwhere只能引导让步状语从句。例如， No matter how great the difficulty is, we ought to keep on. Or: However great the difficulty is, we ought to keep on .,四. 同位语从句,同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, information, knowledge, doubt, hope, law,

21、opinion, plan, suggestion意义丰富的名词后面, 用以说明或解释前面的名词的内容.,1.The suggestion that he should not go there is of great value. 2. The suggestion that he made is of great value. 3.The fact that he won the first place cant be denied. 4.The fact that he told me excited me.,主语从句、同位语从句、定语从句的区别,That she did best in

22、 the exam pleased her parents .,The news that our team won the first prize excited all of us .,The news that we know from her excited all of us .,解释说明；that在从句中不充当任何成分,修饰限定；that在从句中有成分,名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为 should + do, should 可省略 He gave me a suggestion that I

23、( should ) be calm now.,注: 1. 同位语从句多用that 引导,2. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.,I have no idea where he has gone. I have no idea when he did it. I have no idea what he did.,例如 1.I have no idea what you were here. 2.She always asks herself the question what she will be . 3.There can be no doubt that sh

24、e is qualified for the job. 4. Word came that China has won another gold medal in the Olympic Games being held in Athens, Greece.,（4）when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。如： They put forward the question where they could get the money. This is the place where the accident hap