名词性从句+ whether 与 if.ppt

1、名词性从句,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why,1。that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义，宾语从句中可省略 2。不充当介宾 3。 引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,that不可省略。,辨别下列名词性从句的类别： 1.How the book will sell depends on its

2、 author. 2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S. 6.It is impossible that I go and attend the meeting.,主语,宾语

3、,表语,同位语,宾语,主语,That/wh-clause + v +主语从句 S +be/link.v + that/wh-clause表语从句 S + vt + that/wh-clause宾语从句 S + vi + prep + wh-clause宾语从句,that-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如： Its a pity that you should have to leave. It is not yet decided who will do that job.,用 it 作形式主语的that- 从句有以下搭配关系：,a. It + be +形容词+

4、that-从句 It is necessary/ important / obvious/certain that b.It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is a pity/a shame/no wonder that c. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed/ reported / said that It is known to all that d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It appears/seem that It happens that It occurred to me that,whether 与 i

5、f 均为 “是否” 的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被 if 所取代： 主语从句,Whether he will come is unknown.,2. 表语从句，如：,The question is whether you should accept it.,3. 同位语从句，如：,The question whether hell attend the meeting is not decided.,4. 从句作介词的宾语，如：,Im not interested in whether theyll go or not. It depends on whether we hav

6、e got enough money.,5. 直接跟不定式连用，如：,She hasnt decided whether to go or not.,用if 或whether 填空,1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow. 3. The question is _ this book is worth writing. 4. It depends on _ we will have enough money. 5. _ they can do it matters l

7、ittle to us. 6._ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,whether,If,that在同位语从句与定语从句的区别,（I）试比较下面两个例句: 1.The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very good. 2.The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good.,（that引导定语从句, 作宾

8、语, 可以省略）,（that引导同位语从句,在从句中不担当任何成分，但不可以省略）,辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句 1.We heard the news that our team had won. 2.We must face the fact that we had spent all our money. 3. The news that he told me yesterday was false. 4. I have no doubt that he will come soon. 5. The fact is that we have spent all our money

9、.,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,表语从句,用that 或what 填空,1. I wonder if this is _you are looking for. 2. Our school is quite different from _ it was before. 3. Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer. 4._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind. 5._ the earth is r

10、ound is known to us all.,what,what,that,What,That,选择填空（what,whatever,who,whoever),1._ was said here must be kept secret. 2. _we need is more time. 3._ made the long distance call to him is not important. 4._ breaks the law will be punished. 5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.,Wha

11、tever,What,Who,Whoever,Whoever,5、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系： 1. He has done what he can to help me. -He has done _ _ he can to help me. What I want to say has nothing to do with it. -_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it.,all that,All that,3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished. _ _ breaks the law

12、is to be punished. 4. He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most. He will give the dictionary to _ _ needs it most. 5. Well remember whomever we turned to for help. Well remember _ _ we turned to for help. 6. They will do whatever he wants them to do. They will do _ _he wants them to do. 7

13、. Ill read whichever book you give me. Ill read _ of the books _ you give me.,Anyone who,anyone who,Anyone (whom),anything that,any,that,VI 巩固练习,1.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right Athat what BWhat that Cthat Dwhether 2.The reason _ I have to go is_ my mother is ill in bed A. wh

14、y ; why B. why ; because C. why ; that D. that ; because,3.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I cant remember_. Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat 4.Energy is _ makes things work AWhat Beverything Csomething Danything,5.Air to usis _ water is to fish A. is that B. what C. which D. that,1.It is

15、 important that _ our education in all available ways. A. we must develop B. we shall develop C. we would develop D. we should develop 2.It is necessary that _ by the end of the week. A. we got everything ready B. we have got everything ready C. We get everything ready D. we must get everything read

16、y 3.It was natural that _. A. my pictures would surprise them B. my pictures surprised them C. my pictures should surprise them D. my pictures would have surprised them 4.I wonder _. A. whether or not Ill catch the last bus B. if or not Ill catch the last bus C. that Ill catch the last bus or not D.

17、 that Ill catch the last bus,5.We all thought _ a pity that we had missed the lesson. A. so B. such C. it D. that 6.I took _ for granted that they were not coming. A. that B. this C. it D. so 7.I heard _ said that he had great concern for his classmates. A. and B. that C. was D. it 8.I wish I _ to t

18、he football match last night. A. went B. go C. should go D. had gone,1.It now appears _ they are in need of help. 2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. 3.It is thought _ Joe drives badly. 4.It may be_ he is late for class. 5.This is _ she was born. 6.The question is _ we cant go there today. 7.The question is _ it is worth doi