新概念2_Lesson64(共8页)-2

1、.,Lesson64 The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道,.,Background information 英吉利海峡隧道（The Channel Tunnel)又称英法海底隧道或欧洲隧道（Eurotunnel)，是一条把英国英伦三岛连接往欧洲法国的铁路隧道，于1994年5月6日开通。它由三条长51km的平行隧洞组成，总长度153km，其中海底段的隧洞长度为338km，是目前世界上最长的海底隧道。从1986年2月12日法、英两国签订关于隧道连接的坎特布利条约（Treaty of Canterbury)到1994年5月7日正式通车，历时8年多，耗资约100亿英镑（约150亿美元），也

2、是世界上规模最大的利用私人资本建造的工程项目。隧道长度50千米，仅次于日本青函隧道。海底长度39千米。单程需35分钟。,.,1 tunnel tnl n.隧道 2 port p:t n.港口 3 ventilate ventileit v.通风 4 chimney timni n.烟囱 5 sea level 海平面 6 double dbl a.双的 7 ventilation ventilein n.通风,8 fear fi v.害怕 9 invasion invein n.入侵，侵略 10 officially fili ad.正式地 11 connect knekt v.连接 12 E

3、uropean jurpi:n a.欧洲的 13 continent kntinnt n.大陆,【words and expressions】,.,【words and expressions】,2 port p:t n.港口 enter a port leave a port a free port,入港,出港,自由港,3 ventilate ventileit v.通风 = air (多用air) ventilation u.n. 空气流通 ventilator n. 通风设备，通风口 be well ventilated/ poorly ventilated 通风良好/ 不好 Force

4、d Ventilation 强制排风系统,.,double n. 两倍 a. 两倍的, 双重的 ，双人的， vt. 使加倍 serve a double purpose 一举两得 我们订了一间双人房 We ordered a double room.,double railway tunnel 双轨(隧道) at a double speed 以加倍的速度 a double room 双人房间 a double bed 双人床,.,【words and expressions】,8 fear fi v.害怕 = be afraid of They feared invasion.= They

5、were afraid of invasion. v. fear to do/ doing sth./ that 害怕做某事 Never fear! Everything will be all right. The little boy feared staying alone in the dark. She fears to speak in front of so many people. I fear that youll be late if you dont go now. n. 害怕 do sth. with fear/ without fear,.,【words and ex

6、pressions】,10 officially fili ad.正式地 = formally a. official 官方的 11 connect knekt v.连接 connect with和有关,和有联系 connect to/with 把连接到 Will you connect this wire to the television? Please connect me with the Sunshine Hotel. 13 continent kntinnt n.大陆 European continent 欧洲大陆,.,Map of Europe,Culture informati

7、on,.,英国人宁愿不把自己当欧洲人，但在外界眼里却始终是欧洲人 英国与欧洲大陆隔海相望。就地理环境而言，英国是一个孤悬于欧亚大陆之外的岛国，英吉利海峡是一道天然的屏障，这种进可攻、退可守的有利地理位置，使英国免受了无数场欧洲战火的直接殃及。二战期间，英国能够坚持下来并成为向德国发起反攻的重要基地，这与英吉利海峡这一天然屏障的存在不无关系。 同时，英国之所以能够在工业化时代的大部分时间里充当世界霸主，其有利的地理位置起了极其重要的作用。这样独特有利的地理位置，使得英国人感到英国不是欧洲大陆的一部分，只是欧洲的邻居。丘吉尔曾说，“英国与欧洲在一起，但不属于欧洲。” 英国人自认不是欧洲人，传统意义

8、上的欧洲人是指欧洲大陆如法国,德国等。欧洲大陆主要是以德国为榜样的一种模式，它对俄罗斯的影响很大。大家知道英国人从来不承认自己是欧洲人，英国人想要从伦敦到巴黎去，别人问他到哪里去，他说我上欧洲去，他说我不是欧洲人。,.,.,.,.,.,In 1858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel under the English Channel. 1858年，一位名叫埃梅.托梅.德.干蒙的法国工程师带着建造一条长21英里、穿越英吉利海陕

9、的隧道计划到了英国 twenty-one-mile 加连字符, 用单数, 是定语,.,He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. This platform would serve as a port and a railway station. serve as作为.来服务, 起.作用 It will serve as a swimming pool. 他说，可以在隧道中央建造一座平台，这座平台将用作码头和火车站。,.,The tunnel would be well-

10、ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea level. The top of the hill is400 metres above sea level. 山顶的高度是海拔四百公尺。 It is situated above sea level. 它位于海平面以上。 如果再建些伸出海面的高大的烟囱状通风管，隧道就具备了良好的通风条件。,.,In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low. 1860年，一位名叫威廉.洛的英国人提出了一项更好的计划。 p

11、ut forward(plan/suggestion)提出,.,He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built. 他提议建一条双轨隧道，这样就解决了通风问题。 suggest有两个意思 作为 “暗示” 意思时, 用法与其他的词相同 作为 “建议” 意思时, 则为虚拟语气, 后接动词是要用-ing形式, 后接that从句采用一种固定的用法: should+动词原形, should 可省略,.,suggest（建议）, demand（要求）, order（命令）, propose（建议）, insist（坚持）， command

12、（命令）,request（需求）, desire（渴望）后的宾语从句中：（should）+动词原形。 I suggest that we (should) set off at once. I demanded that he (should) answer me immediately.,.,insist 用法作坚持用时同suggest 文中: He suggested that a double railway tunnel should be built. I suggested (that) he (should) go home. (that, should 都可省略) 又如: He

13、 suggested that I should go with him. 他建议我一定要跟他去. He insisted that I should stay to lunch. 他坚持要我留下来吃晚饭.,.,This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. 因为如果有列火车开进隧道，它就把新鲜空气随之抽进了隧道。 draw in吸进 如用bring没有 draw in 形象,贴切,.,Forty-two

14、years later a tunnel was actually begun. 42年以后，隧道实际已经开始建了。,.,If, at the time,the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed. 如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵，隧道早已建成了。 at the time the British : 英国人,.,虚 拟 语 气,虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。,.,在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或

15、难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气 表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。 即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气,.,条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。,.,虚拟语气(非真实条件句) 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况： 从句：If + 主语+过去时(Be动词用were) 主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do eg： 1If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你

16、，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） 2If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。 （事实：不知道）,.,2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If +主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have done eg： 1 If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 （事实：去晚了） 2If he had taken my advice,he would no

17、t have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。 （事实：没有听我的话）,.,3、表示对将来情况的主观推测 A-从句：if+主语+were to do 主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do B-从句: if+主语+did/were 主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do C-从句: if+主语+should+do 主句: 主语+should/would/could/might+do,.,eg： 1If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk

18、to him. 如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小） 2If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：下雪可能性很小） 3If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。（事实：来的可能性很小）,.,【Exercises】 如果我是你，我就给你女儿买份礼物。 If I _ you, I _ your si

19、ster a gift. 如果你采纳了我的建议，你就不会犯错误。 If you _ your advice, I _ _a mistake. She doesnt work hard. If she got a good grade in the coming exam, I would meet you upside down.(汉译英),had taken wouldnt have made,were would buy,.,put forward 也可表示 “把提前”，与介词to连用， 表示提前到某个确切的日期，与by连用表示提前多 长时间： The election will be p

20、ut / brought forward to June. 选举将提前到六月。 They have brought / put forward the date of their wedding by one week. 他们已把举行婚礼的日期提前了一星期。,put forward,.,suggest 表示 “ 建议，提出” 时有两种句型： 1) suggest sth. ( to sb.) 或 suggest doing sth. （向 某人）建议某事，建议干某事： He suggested a different plan. He suggested doing it in a diffe

21、rent way. 2) suggest that someone (should ) do something / that something ( should ) be done 建议某人干某 事 / 建议干某事(虚拟)： I suggest that we should go home immediately. He suggested that the doctor should be called in.,.,Sum up the phrases,1. 一个法国工程师 2. 关于.的计划 3. 在.的中心 4. 起.作用，用作 5. 海平面以上 6. 提出 7. 解决问题 8. 吸

22、入 9. 再等另外一百年 10. 把.和.连接起来,1. a French engineer 2. a plan for 3. in the centre of 4. serve as 5. above the sea level 6. put forward 7. solve the problem 8. draw in 9. wait another 100 years for 10. connect.to.,.,【Questions on the text】 1. What did the French engineer have a plan for? A twenty-one-mile tunnel under the English Channel. 2. Who put forward a better plan in 1860? An Englishman, William Low. 3. What did William Low suggest? He suggest