book5 unit5单词、重难点讲解、课文

1、课前范文背诵 Hello, everyone! Im glad to give you some knowledge about first aid when a fire breaks out. First, its important to keep calm and escape safely from the exit as soon as possible. At the same time do call 119 and tell them the exact address on the phone. If you are trapped, be sure to close th

2、e door so that you can resist the intrusion（ ntru()n n.侵入;打扰） of heat and smoke. Never forget to stand in front of an open window and shout for help with a wet towel covering your mouth and nose. Besides, if unfortunately you are burnt, cool the area of skin with running water and put a piece of dry

3、 clean cloth over it or go to hospital immediately.,词汇补充及重难点讲解 1.aid n.帮助; 援助; 资助；辅助者/设备 v.帮助; economic/humanitarian/emergency aid 经济 / 人道主义 / 紧急援助 He aided me in business./ He was too busy to come to my aid. A dictionary is an important aid in learning a foreign language. With the aid of the doctor

4、, Joe was back on his feet again. My professor aided me to continue my study. aid sb to do sth/with sth/in (doing) sth；与assist用法相同 2.temporary 暂时的，临时的； 反义词：permanent 永久的 contemporary 同时代的;当代的 3.fall ill/asleep/silent 4.injury n.-injure v.-injured adj. 5. bleed v.-bled-bled -blood n. blood bank血库,6.a

5、nkle 脚踝 waist腰 wrist手腕;腕关节 angle 角;角度 angel 天使 7. choke v.使窒息 ；哽咽 (1)Very small toys can choke a baby. (2)I cant bear it, he said in a choked voice. “我实在忍不下去了。”他声音哽咽地说道。 (3)The pond was choked with rotten leaves. 8.essential/vital/important It is vital for students to master at least a foreign langu

6、age at college. 9.Lack of confidence is a psychological barrier to success. There is no reason why love shouldnt cross the age barrier. 10.poison n/v.-poisonous adj.有毒的 plex adj复杂的 n.情结;建筑群;相关联的一组事物,12.a variety of=varieties of=various adj.各种各样的;不同种类的 vary v.变化多;变化;使多样化 vary from.to. 从到不等;在到之间变动 var

7、y with. 随而变动 13.liquid n. 液体 solid 固体 gas 气体 14.mild 轻微的;温柔的;温暖的;（味道）不浓的 (1)Use a soap that is mild on the skin.使用对皮肤刺激性不强的肥皂. (2)a mild punishment,15.【词语辨析】 treat/cure/heal,16.swell-swelled-swollen wood-wooden woll-wollen 17.nerve-nervous 18.infection n.-infect v. be infected with感染. 19.symptom n.症

8、状；征兆； sign n.迹象; 符号; 手势; 指示牌; vt.签名; 打手势; 20.pour 倒；灌；注；涌 Tears poured down his cheeks.眼泪顺着他的面颊簌簌地落下。 I was in the kitchen, pouring out drinks. The rain continued to pour down.大雨哗哗地下个不停。 Letters of complaint continue to pour in.投诉信纷至沓来。 21.bravery n. -brave adj.,21. treat v. 对待；款待；治疗( treatment ) n.

9、请客；款待 用法：treat sb as/like .把某人当.对待 treat sb to sth用.款待某人 treat sb for sth治疗某人.病 (Its) my treat. My parents still treat me like a child. I decided to treat his remark as a joke. She was treated for heart attack. She treated him to lunch. 22. apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；适用 applicant n.申请者 application n

10、.适用，应用，运用; 申请(表); 敷用 applied adj. 应用的，实用的 (applied maths),用法： apply sth. to sth. 将某物应用于某物 apply oneself to 专心致志于,致力于 be applied to 被应用于,被施加于 apply to适用于 apply (to sb.) for sth. (向某人)申请某物 apply to do sth. 申请做某事 He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance a

11、rrived. The nurse applied the ointment to the wound. We should apply both theories to the language teaching. Im writing to apply to your company for the position as a student volunteer. The school rules apply to everyone.,23.press vt.压；按；催促，逼迫（push, urge）；pressure n. n.压；按；出版社；印刷厂；报刊新闻业；新闻界 press co

12、nference记者招待会 24.in place 在适当的位置；适当的；准备就绪，就位 反义词组：out of place Im afraid your proposal is not quite in place. The ropes hold you in place so that you dont fall. I felt completely out of place among all these successful people. 夹在这些成功人士之间，我觉得自己格格不入。 The arrangements for the concert next Saturday are

13、all in place.下周六的音乐会已经准备就绪。 25.make a difference区别对待；有影响；起作用 Everyone can make a difference to our society by performing his job well. 拓展：make sense,26.put ones hands on 找到,得到 Ill bring some tapes if I can put my hands on them. 句型：1.“be doing.when.”句型 原句：John was studying in his room when he heard s

14、creaming. 相关的结构还有: 主语+be about to do.when. 即将做这时(突然) 主语+be doing.when. 正要/正在做这时(突然) 主语+be just going to do.when. 正要做这时(突然) 主语+be on the point of doing.when. 正要去做这时(突然) 主语+had done.when. 刚刚做完这时(突然) 2.There is no doubt that. “毫无疑问” 原句：There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skill

15、s he learned at school saved Ms. Slades life.毫无疑问,是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术,挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。 There is no doubt that nearsightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.在我们国家,年轻人近视无疑是一个严重的问题。,First Aid A boy fell ill. His organs were damaged by the radiation of an infrared ray stove. But before

16、 the ambulance arrived, a number of other injuries happened to this unlucky boy over and over again. First, he was choked by some poisonous liquid from the kettle on the cupboard. Then his wrist skin was burnt by electric shock. Finally, his ankle was cut by a pan.,有个孩子病倒了，他的体内器官被一台红外线烤炉的放射线灼伤了。但是在救

17、护车到来前，这个不幸的孩子身上还一而再、再而三地发生了许多别的伤害。开始是被橱柜上水壶里的有毒液体噎住，然后是手腕的皮肤被电击烧伤，最后，一只平底锅还割伤了他的脚踝。,必修5 Unit 5 First aid FIRST AID FOR BURNS The skin is an essential(必不可少的;非常重要的) part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers of skin which act as(充当;作为;担任) a barrier against disease, poisons and the

18、suns harmful rays(光线;亮光;辐射). The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch(触觉). So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very

19、 serious. First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of burns. Causes of burns You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.,Types of burns There are three types of burns. B

20、urns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned. First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin. These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a

21、hot pan, stove or iron for a moment(片刻;一会儿). Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. These burns are serious and take a few weeks to heal. Examples include severe sunburn and bums caused by hot liquids. Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the s

22、kin and any tissue(组织;薄纸) and organs under the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once.,Characteristics of burns First degree burns dry, red and mildly swollen(肿

23、胀的) mildly(轻微地;温和地) painful turn white when pressed Second degree burns rough(不平滑的;粗糙的;粗鲁的), red and swollen blisters(水疱) watery(由水组成的;含水的;似水的;水汪汪的) surface extremely painful Third degree burns black and white and charred t:d (烧焦的) swollen; often tissue under them can be seen little or no pain if ne

24、rves are damaged; may be pain around edge of injured area.,First aid treatment 1. Remove(移动，搬动；脱掉，去掉；消除；免职) clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn(把衣服脱掉，有必要的话使用剪刀，除非衣服和烧伤处粘在一起了。). Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn. 2. Cool burns immediately with cool bu

25、t not icy(含冰的) water. It is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes. (The cool water stops the burning process, prevents the pain becoming unbearable and reduces swelling肿胀；肿胀处.) Do not put cold water on third degree burns. 3. For first degree burns, place cool, clean, we

26、t cloths on them until the pain is not so bad. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin(脸盆) of cold water, squeezing them out (挤出;榨出)and placing them on the burned area over and over again (反复不断地)for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.,4. Dry(变干) the burned a

27、rea gently. Do not rub(擦;揉擦), as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected. 5. Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage(绷带) that will not stick to the skin. Hold the bandage in place(在适当的地方) with tape(带子). Never put butter, oil or ointment(药膏;油膏) on burns as they keep the hea

28、t in the wounds and may cause infection. 6. If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. If burns are on the face, the victim should sit up. 7. If the injuries are second or third degree bums, it is vital (必不可少的;必要的)to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.,

29、HEROIC TEENAGER RECEIVES AWARD Seventeen-year-old teenager, John Janson, was honoured at the Lifesaver Awards last night in Rivertown for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shocking knife attack. John was presented(授予；赠与) with his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of

30、 ten people who had saved the life of another. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. When he and his father rushed outside, a man ran from the scene. They discovered that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed(刺伤；捅) repeatedly(反复地;重复地) with a knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut off(