组织行为学 练习12章

1、Chapter 12 Basic Approaches to LeadershipMULTIPLE CHOICE What Is Leadership?1.John Kotters view argues that management focuses on coping with complexity, whereas leadership focuses on coping with _.a.conflictb.successc.defeatd.moralee.change (e; Moderate; Management and Leadership; p. 385)2.Which of

2、 the following roles focuses on bringing about order and consistency by drawing up formal plans?a. leadershipb. managementc. task structured. initiating structuree. none of the above(b; Easy; Management; p. 385) 3.Leadership is best defined as _.a.the ability to influence a group in goal achievement

3、b.keeping order and consistency in the midst of changec.implementing the vision and strategy provided by managementd.coordinating and staffing the organization and handling day-to-day problemse.not a relevant variable in modern organizations(a; Moderate; Leadership; p. 385)4.Which of the following s

4、tatements regarding leadership is true?a. All leaders are managers.b. Formal rights enable managers to lead effectively.c. All managers are leaders.d. All leaders are hierarchically superior to followers.e. Nonsanctioned leadership is as important as or more important than formal influence.(e; Chall

5、enging; Leadership; p. 386) AACSB: Analytic SkillsTrait Theories5.Which theory differentiates leaders from nonleaders by focusing on personal qualities and characteristics?a.Fiedlers perspectiveb.characteristic theoryc.LPCd.contingency theorye.trait theory (e; Easy; Trait Theories; p. 386)6.Accordin

6、g to a comprehensive review of the leadership literature, what is the most important trait of effective leaders?a.conscientiousnessb.opennessc.extraversiond.agreeablenesse.emotional stability(c; Easy; Big Five and Trait Theories; p. 386)7.Recent studies indicate that _ may indicate effective leaders

7、hip.a.an endless supply of terrific ideasb.a compelling visionc.a highly analytical mindd.outstanding traininge.emotional intelligence (e; Easy; Emotional Intelligence and Trait Theories; p. 387)8.Emotional intelligence is so critical to effective leadership because one of its core components is _.a

8、.conscientiousnessb.empathyc.opennessd.extraversione.agreeableness(b; Easy; Trait Theories; p. 387)9. There is fairly strong evidence that traits can predict _ more accurately than leadership effectiveness.a.leadership emergenceb.extraversion in leadersc.leadership awareness d.leadership competencee

9、.the conscientiousness of leaders(a; Moderate; Trait Theories; p. 388)Behavioral Theories10.Trait research suggests that we focus on _, whereas behavioral studies imply that we can effectively _.a.teaching people certain traits; teach people certain behaviorsb.selecting the right person for a job; t

10、rain leadersc.changing jobs to suit people; change people to suit jobsd.training new employees; dispense with traininge.identifying certain traits in leaders; ignore leaders traits(b; Moderate; Trait Theories versus Behavioral Theories; p. 389) AACSB: Analytic Skills11. If trait theories of leadersh

11、ip are valid, then leaders are _.catede.grown(b; Moderate; Trait Theories; p. 389)12. If behavioral leadership theories are correct, then _.a.leadership behaviors are consistentb.leaders are born with leadership behaviorsc.leaders behavior should be alteredd.leader

12、ship can be taught e.women generally make better leaders than men(d; Moderate; Behavioral Theories; p. 389)13.Which of the following is not a behavioral theory of leadership?a. Ohio State studiesb. Fiedler modelc. University of Michigan studiesd. managerial gride. All of the above are behavior theor

13、ies of leadership.(b; Moderate; Behavioral Theories; pp. 389-390) AACSB: Analytic Skills14. The two dimensions of leadership behavior explained in the Ohio State studies are _.a.coercion and motivationb.concern for people and concern for productionc.employee-oriented and production-orientedd.initiat

14、ing structure and consideratione.operant conditioning and classical conditioning(d; Moderate; Ohio State Studies; p. 389) AACSB: Analytic Skills15. According to the Ohio State studies, the extent to which a leaders behavior is directed toward getting the job done is called _.a.considerationb.maximiz

15、ationc.relationship-orientedd.path-goale.initiating structure (e; Moderate; Initiating Structure; p. 389)16. A leader high in initiating structure would do which of the following?a.seek consensusb.exhibit laissez-faire type of leadershipc.maximize leader-member relationsd.assign group members to par

16、ticular taskse.empower employees to make their own decisions(d; Moderate; Initiating Structure; p. 389) AACSB: Analytic Skills17. According to the Ohio State studies, the extent to which a leader is likely to have job relationships characterized by mutual trust and respect for his/her employees is _

17、.a.considerationb.matrixc.consensus-buildingd.LPCe.maximization(a; Moderate; Consideration; p. 389)18. The two dimensions of leadership behavior identified in the University of Michigan studies are _.a.coercion and motivationb.emotional and rationalc.employee-oriented and production-orientedd.initia

18、ting structure and consideratione.initiation and completion(c; Moderate; University of Michigan Studies; p. 390) AACSB: Analytic Skills19. The University of Michigan studies define a(n) _ leader as one who takes personal interest in the needs of his/her subordinates. a.LMXb.contextualc.employee-orie

19、ntedd.consensus-buildinge.consummate(c; Moderate; Employee-Oriented Leaders; p. 390)20. If a leaders main concern is accomplishing his/her groups tasks, the University of Michigan studies label this leader _.a.consideration-orientedb.managerialc.ineffectived.high duction-oriented (e; M

20、oderate; Production-Oriented Leaders; p. 390)21. According to University of Michigan researchers, which type of leaders is associated with higher group productivity and higher job satisfaction?a.situational b.employee-oriented duction-oriented d.initiating structure-oriented e.heliocentric(b; M

21、oderate; Employee-Oriented Leaders; p. 390)22. The graphic portrayal of a two-dimensional view of leadership style by Blake and Mouton is known as the _.a.least preferred co-worker scaleb.leader-participation modelc.autocratic-democratic continuumd.managerial gride.matrix of discretion(d; Easy; Mana

22、gerial Grid; p. 390)23. According to the Managerial Grid, managers perform best using which of the following styles?a.9,9b.considerationc.contingencyd.development-orientede.rigid(a; Moderate; Managerial Grid; p. 390)24.According to Blake and Mouton, a leader with a 9,1 style can best be described as

23、 a(n) _ type of leader.a. visionaryb. laissez-faire c. authority d. effusivee. contrasting (c; Moderate; Managerial Grid; p. 390)Contingency Theories: Fiedler Model and Situational Leadership Theory25.All contingency theories are based on the idea that effective leadership performance depends on _.a

24、.the proper match between the leaders style and the control the situation gives the leaderb.selecting the right leadership style based on the level of the followers readinessc.using a leadership style that is appropriate to the situational conditionsd.making use of the best path for the goal that is

25、 identifiede.none of the above(c; Challenging; Contingency Models; p. 392) AACSB: Analytic Skills26.Who proposed a contingency theory?a. Fiedler b. Surberc. Greyd. Deickmane. Swartz(a; Easy; Fiedler Contingency Model; p. 392)27. The first comprehensive contingency model for leadership was developed

26、by _.a.Hersey and Blanchardb.Blake and Moutonc.Fred Fiedlerd.John Kottere.Douglas Surber(c; Moderate; Fiedler Contingency Model; p. 392)28.Which model represents the theory that effective group performance depends on the proper match between a leaders style and the degree to which the situation give

27、s control to the leader?a.Leader-Member Exchange Modelb.Fiedlers Contingency Modelc.Hersey and Blanchards Situational Leadership Modeld.Vroom and Yettons Leader-Participation Modele.none of the above(b; Moderate; Fiedler Contingency Model; p. 392)29.Who developed the LPC (least preferred co-worker)

28、questionnaire?a.Wachnerb.Fiedlerc.Housed.Blake and Moutone.Surber(b; Moderate; Least Preferred Coworker; p. 392) 30. In Fiedlers model, if a respondent describes his or her least preferred co-worker in relatively positive terms, then the respondent is considered to be _.a.relationship-orientedb.peop

29、le-orientedc.consensus-buildingd.consideration-focusede.unrealistic (a; Challenging; Least Preferred Coworker; p. 392) AACSB: Analytic Skills31. If a survey respondent sees his or her least preferred co-worker in unfavorable terms, Fiedler would categorize the respondent as _.a.overly criticalb.task

30、-orientedc.emotionally deficientd.insightfule.laissez-faire(b; Moderate; Least Preferred Coworker; p. 392) AACSB: Analytic Skills32.Fiedlers contingency model assumes that an individuals leadership style is _.angible(d; Moderate; Fiedler Contingency M

31、odel; p. 392)33. Three situational criteria identified in the Fiedler model are _.a.job requirements, position power, and leadership abilityb.charisma, influence, and leader-member relationsc.leader-member relations, task structure, and position powerd.task structure, leadership ability, and group c

32、onflicte.emotional intelligence, group orientation, and employee status(c; Moderate; Fiedlers Key Situational Factors; p. 393) AACSB: Analytic Skills34. Fiedler labels the degree of confidence, trust, and respect that subordinates have in their leader as _.a.leader-member relationsb.relationship ori

33、entationc.positional powerd.employee-orientatione.none of the above(a; Easy; Leader-Member Relations; p. 393)35. The degree to which job assignments are procedurized is classified in the Fiedler model as _.a.leader-member relationsb.task orientationc.task structured.initiating ductivit

34、y oriented(c; Moderate; Task Structures; p. 393)36. Fiedlers theory predicts that an individual who is considered task oriented will be most effective when the situation is _.a.moderately to highly favorableb.moderately favorablec.moderately to highly unfavorabled.very favorable or very unfavorablee

35、.highly favorable(d; Challenging; Matching Leaders and Situations; pp. 393-394) AACSB: Analytic Skills37.Based on the contingency theory, if the leadership style does not match the situation, you should _.a. change the leader to fit the situationb. change the situation to fit the leaderc. accept thi

36、s circumstance as unchangeabled. either a or be. retrain the leader in a more appropriate style(d; Moderate; Matching Leaders and Situations; p. 394) AACSB: Analytic Skills38. The reconceptualization of the contingency model by Garcia and Fiedler is called _ theory.a.situational b.cognitive resource

37、 c.evaluative d.leadership recognition e.cognitive dissonance(b; Moderate; Cognitive Resource Theory; p. 395)39.Cognitive resource theory focuses on the role of _ as a form of situational unfavorableness and how a leaders intelligence and experience influence his or her reaction.a. stressb. task str

38、ucturec. position powerd. conflicte. resolution(a; Moderate; Cognitive Resource Theory; p. 395)40. All of the following are findings of the cognitive resource theory except _.a.low stress situations show a positive relationship between intellectual abilities and performanceb.low stress situations sh

39、ow a positive relationship between job experience and performancec.high stress situations show a negative relationship between intellectual abilities and performanced.high stress situations show a positive relationship between job experience and performancee.None of the above are findings of the the

40、ory.(b; Moderate; Cognitive Resource Theory; p. 395) AACSB: Analytic Skills41.Hersey and Blanchard developed which of the following?a.situational leadership theoryb.cognitive resource theoryc.managerial grid modeld.path-goal theorye.cognitive orientation model(a; Moderate; Situational Leadership The

41、ory; p. 395)42. Hersey and Blanchards leadership theory differs from other leadership theories primarily because it _.a.explores the role of the expectations of the leader for the followerb.focuses on the followersc.holds that leadership style should be dependent on the situationd.is normativee.deal

42、s strictly and exclusively with contingencies(b; Challenging; Situational Leadership Theory; p. 395) AACSB: Analytic Skills43. According to Hersey and Blanchard, readiness encompasses the _.a.degree of confidence, trust, and respect members have in their leaderb.amount of influence a leader has over

43、 variables such as hiring, firing, and salariesc.level of morale and satisfaction of the employeesd.ability and willingness of the followers to accomplish a taske.all of the above(d; Moderate; Readiness; p. 396) AACSB: Analytic Skills44.Hersey and Blanchard say that the laissez-faire leadership styl

44、e should be used when employees are _ to accomplish a task.a. unable and willingb. able and unwillingc. unable and unwillingd. able and willinge. none of the above(d; Moderate; Situational Leadership Theory; p. 396) AACSB: Analytic Skills45.What theory was developed by Robert House?a. cognitive reso

45、urce modelb. decision theoryc. leader-member exchange theoryd. path-goal theorye. situational leadership theory (d; Moderate; Path-Goal Theory; p. 396)46.The leadership model that integrates the expectancy theory of motivation with the Ohio State leadership research is _.a.path-goalb.contingencyc.le

46、ader-participationd.leader-member exchangee.cognitive arousal(a; Challenging; Path-Goal Theory; p. 396)47.What is the essence of the path-goal theory?a. Successful leadership is achieved by selecting the right leadership style.b. Stress is a form of situational unfavorableness and a leaders reaction

47、 to it depends on his or her intelligence and experience.c. Effective group performance depends on the proper match between the leaders style and the degree to which the situation gives control to the leader.d. Leaders establish a special relationship with a small group of their followers because of

48、 time pressures.e. The leader is responsible for providing followers with the information, support, or other resources necessary for them to do their jobs.(e; Moderate; Path-Goal Theory; p. 397) AACSB: Analytic Skills48. The leadership behaviors identified by the path-goal theory are _.a.supportive,

49、 employee-oriented, laissez-faire, and participativeb.achievement-oriented, supportive, humanistic, and directivec.participative, achievement-oriented, directive, and supportived.directive, participative, supportive, and laissez-fairee.affective, cognitive, and behavioral(c; Challenging; Path-Goal T

50、heory; p. 397) AACSB: Analytic Skills49.Which path-goal leadership style leads to greater satisfaction when tasks are ambiguous or stressful?a. directiveb. supportivec. participatived. mixede. reactive(a; Moderate; Path-Goal Theory; p. 397) AACSB: Analytic Skills50.According to House, what leader is

51、 friendly and shows concern for the needs of followers?a. the achievement-oriented leaderb. the directive leaderc. the laissez-faire leaderd. the participative leadere. the supportive leader(e; Easy; Path-Goal Theory; p. 397)51. Which of the following is not an example of a prediction based on path-

52、goal theory?a.Subordinates with an internal locus of control will be more satisfied with a directive style.b.Directive leadership leads to greater satisfaction when tasks are ambiguous or stressful.c.Supportive leadership results in high employee performance when performing structured tasks.d.Direct

53、ive leadership is likely to be perceived as redundant by employees with a lot of experience.e.All of the above are examples of predictions based on path-goal theory.(a; Challenging; Path-Goal Theory Predictions; p. 398) AACSB: Analytic SkillsLeader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory52. Which of the follow

54、ing theories argues that because of time pressures, leaders establish a special relationship with a small group of their subordinates?a.managerial gridb.leader-member exchangec.path-goald.expectancye.contingency(b; Easy; Leader-Member Exchange Theory; p. 398)53.According to LMX theory, which of the following is not true of those individuals who fall into the out-group?a. They receive a disproportionate amount of the leaders attention.b. They have leader-follower relations based on formal authority interaction.c. They are less trusted.d. They receive fewer