人教版高中英语必修一全册讲义

1、人教版必修一U 1 Friendship 友谊ItemsMain Language Points （ 20）Words1. add v.加；2.upset adj.沮丧的；3.concern v.&n.关心，挂念4.point v.&n.指向，要点；5.recover v.恢复；6.cheat v.欺骗；7.share v.&n.分享，股票；8.crazy adj.疯狂的；9.grateful adj.感激的Phrasesmake a survey of；2.calm down；3.go through；4.set down；5.face to face；6.suffer.(from)；7.b

2、e bored with；8.get along withStructure1.not until结构； 2.句型It is/was the first time that sb have/had done ；3.whilePreview1.make a survey of；2.add；3.ignore；4.calm down；5.concern；6.go through；7.set down；8.point；9.face to face；10.suffer.(from)；11.recover；12.be bored with；13.not until；14.cheat；15.share；16

3、.crazy；17.grateful；18.句型It is/was the first time that sb have/had done；19.get along with；20.while1.make/do/conduct/perform/carry out + a survey of sth=investigate sth 调查.n.investigation 调查2.addv. 补充道 (后+宾语从句) The minister expressed his satisfaction with the talk greatly, adding that he enjoyed his s

4、tay here. 部长对这次会谈感到十分满意，并补充说他非常喜欢这期间在这里停留。 加；增加 add up 加起来 There must be some mistakes in this bill;please add up the figures again. 这账单一定有些错误，请把数字重加一遍。 add up to.总计达；意味着 The bills add up to exactly $100. 这些帐单加起来正好一百元。 His evidence really adds up to this: he didnt murder the man. 他的证据实际上意味着:他没有谋杀那个人

5、。 add.in 把.加在内 Dont forget to add me in, either. 别忘记把我也加进去。 add to 增添，增加 The bad weather added to our difficulty. 恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。 add A to B 把A加到B上(中) Add narration and music to accompany your slide-show. 添加叙事和音乐陪伴你的幻灯片。 Worthy friends can add happiness and value to our life, which is just as firewor

6、ks. 真正的朋友就像烟火一样，给我们的生活带来快乐和好处。n. addition 加，增加，附加；加法；增加的人或事物Ronaldo is a very important addition to his team. 罗纳尔多是他们球队非常重要的一员。区分：in addition与in addition to。in addition相当于连词，besides的含义。in addition to相当于介词，后面接宾语。2.upsetadj.心烦意乱的，不安的，不适的，混乱的v.使不安；使心烦；打翻，碰倒n.颠覆；心烦意乱；混乱3.ignorev.不理睬，忽略，忽视 (=overlook=neg

7、lect)Ignorance is bliss. 无知是福。Where ignorance is bliss, its folly to be wise. 难得糊涂。Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud. 博学使人谦逊，无知使人骄傲。n.ignorance in ignorance of.对.无知adj.ignorant 无知的，肤浅的 be ignorant of/about .4.calm down 使平静，使安静，使镇静 (settle down)He took a few deep breaths to calm himself d

8、own.他深呼几口气让自己镇定下来。It always takes the class a while to calm down at the beginning of the lesson.在每节课的开始，班级都得需要几分钟去安静。5.concernv.与.有关，涉及到；(使)担忧Ignore the thing that doesnt concern you. 对这件事别太上心和你没关系。The report concerns the problem of drug. 这篇报道涉及毒品问题。注1：其过去分词concerned常用来作表语，意为“和有关、牵涉”；而作定语时，则意为“有关的”。

9、 He asked all concerned to take an active part in helping the girl.他要求所有相关的人积极帮助那个女孩。It is reported that the pop singer is concerned with selling drug.据报道，那个流行歌手涉嫌贩毒。 注2：其过去分词concerned通常作形容词用，意为“担心的；烦恼的；忧虑的”。 The concerned parents were all concerned for the childrens safety. 忧心忡忡的家长们都为孩子们的安全担忧。 n.关心

10、，关注；公司；重要的或感兴趣的事；责任have no concern with 和.无关 (op.与.有关 have. to do with)have concern for/with 关心，挂念；涉及show/express concern about/for. 对.表示关心of no/much concern 不重要/很重要注3：concern作抽象名词时可具体化，a concern理解为一件让人关心的人或事。The international relationship is a major concern of China. 国际关系是中国的一个主要问题。Hardly a whisper

11、 of concern has been voiced. 没有人表示过一点点的关心。习惯搭配：a. concern oneself with/in/about sth 忙于某事；关心某事 Theres no need to concern yourself with this matter; were dealing with it.你不用管这事，我们正在处理它。 b.so/ as far as. be concerned就来说 So far as I am concerned the second arrangement is more suitable.对我来说，第二种安排更恰当。 c.b

12、e concerned with / in. 与有关 Her latest documentary is concerned with youth unemployment. 她最近的一部纪录片与青年人失业有关。 d.Where.be concerned 在牵扯到的时候(情况) Where work is concerned, I always try to do my best. 在涉及到工作的时候，我总是尽我的最大努力。prep.concerning=regarding 至于，关于Concerning his proposal, there are pros and cons. 关于他的提

13、案，有赞成和反对两种意见。6.go through经历(困苦、痛苦)=undergoIn my childhood, I went through untold hardships. 童年时期，我历经磨难。He went through two world war. 他经历了两次世界大战。仔细检查You must go through your papers before you hand them in. 在你交卷之前，你必须仔细检查。浏览 (look through)We should go through the file carefully. 我们应该认真的浏览这份卷宗。通过 (考试)

14、Can you go through this examination? 你能通过这次考试么？用光、耗尽 (金钱等)I have gone through too much money this month. 这个月我花钱太多了。穿越、穿过 (pass through)The rain has gone through my overcoat. 雨水渗透了我的大衣。完成After months of efforts the work finally went through. 经数月努力，工作终于完成。7. set down写下，记下 (write down)Youd better set d

15、own the words on the blackboard. 你最好把黑板上的话都记下来。放下(put down)；让.下车(drop)The driver sets down a passenger at the corner. 司机让乘客在拐角处下车。set down.to.=owe.to. 把.归因于He sets down his success to his mother. 他把他的成功归功于他的母亲。The phrases of “Set”：set about doing=set out to do 开始做(=get down to doing)set aside 存留，储存；

16、将.放在一边，暂不考虑set back 使倒退、推迟；拨慢（钟表的指针）set down 放下，搁下；记下，记载set forward 拨快 （钟表的指针）set in 以.为背景；（天气、感染等）开始o . 镶嵌.set off 出发，动身；爆炸set out for=leave for 出发去某地set on 攻击，袭击set to 劲头十足地开始做某事set up 建立（事业）；成立（组织）、设立，开办set foot in/on 踏上.大陆、土地set an example to 为.树立榜样set sb on ones feet 使.独立set free 释放set f

17、orth 阐明be set in 以.为背景8. point v.指向；指路；表明point at/towards 瞄准 point to 指向 point out 指出 point up 强调，明确表示区分：point at与point to。point at.是“指着.”侧重于所指的对象；point to. 为“指着.”侧重于所指的方向。如：Du Li pointed her gun at the target. 杜丽把她的枪对准目标。He pointed to the high mountain far away. 他指向远处的高山。n.要点 the main point 要点 get

18、to the point 说正题 come straight to the point 直说to the point 中肯 miss the point 没抓住重点得分点关头，瞬间 at/on the point of n./doing .when.The climber was on the point of death when we found him. 当我们发现登山者时，他即将要死去。She was on the point of giving up. 她就要放弃了。论点，观点I want to have your point of view. 我想得知你的观点。目的，意图There

19、 in no point (in) doing sth. 做某事无意义。Whats the point of doing sth? 做某事的意义是什么？9. face to face 面对面n. make a face/faces 做鬼脸in (the) face of. 朝向.save/lose ones face 留有/丧失颜面wear/pull/make a . face 带着一副.脸色补充：heart to heart 心连心 shoulder by shoulder 肩并肩 back to back 背对背 hand in hand 手牵手face (to) =be faced wi

20、th 朝向，面朝9. settle v.结束(争端、争论等)、解决(分歧、纠纷等)Its time you settled your differences with your father. 现在你该解决同你父亲之间的分歧了。(最终)决定，确定，安排好-Bob will be there? 鲍勃会去吗？-That settles it.Im not coming. 那好，我就不去了。殖民、定居She settled in Vienna after her fathers death. 父亲死后，她就在维也纳定居了。进入舒适的位置或状态I settled her on the sofa and

21、 put a blanket over her. 我把她放在沙发上安顿好，给她盖了一条毯子。n.settlement 解决，协议，支付 settler 殖民者adj.settled 安定的，稳定的补充：settle down to(prep.)开始着手做某事settle for 经勉强同意settle into 适应settle on 选定，决定10.suffer.(from)v.遭受.之苦 (通常是遭受疾病、饥饿等内在之苦)He suffered a lot from a bad cold. 他患重感冒，受了很多苦。The peace process has suffered a serio

22、us blow now. 现在和平进程遭到重创。忍受，挺得住How can you suffer such matter? 你怎能忍受这样的事？区分：suffer sth与suffer from sth。suffer sth 指蒙受某种损失(suffer a loss) 或打击(suffer a blow)；而suffer from sth是承受某种痛苦。前者强调结果，后者重在过程。n.sufferings 苦难 sufferer 患者 sufferance 勉强同意、宽容11.recover=get over v.恢复；重新获得；找回Israel needs to recover its p

23、ragmatic Zionism. 以色列需要恢复锡安主义。n.recovery恢复，复原；重获；痊愈；矫正12. be/get tired of 对.厌烦、厌倦 (=be fed up with=be bored with)be tired out=be worn out=be exhausted累坏了be tired from/with因为.而疲倦You may be tired with reading,but you shouldnt be tired of it.看书可能使你疲劳,但你不应该对看书感到厌倦。Imitation proves useful when you get ti

24、red of routine practice.模仿证明是有用的，当你厌烦了日常练习的时候。13.“not until”结构放在句首时，主句需要半倒装。Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.只有当河里的鱼都死了的时候，村民们才意识到污染是多么的严重。until/not until之异：until +延续性动词(stay/sleep/work.)，译为“直到.才”；not until+短暂性动词(begin/start/buy/die. )，

25、译为“在.之前”。He stayed here until I came back. 直到我回来他才回来。He did not leave until I came back. 在我回来之前他就回来了。until/till在时间状语从句中时态问题：主从句主 句从 句各时态will dodowould dodidwill have donehave done对接高考 (06湖北)I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _ on it for more than one hour.A. has been wor

26、king B. will have worked C. will have been working D.had worked解析：A。考查动词时态。主句为一般将来时态，时间状语从句需用一般现在时或现在完成时。句意：学生在一直做数学练习，直到规定时间完毕老师才公布答案。在强调句中：It be not until+被强调部分+that+其他He didnt go to bed until his mother came back. 他没有去睡觉，直到他妈妈回来。It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed. 直到他妈妈回来他才

27、睡觉。14.cheatv. cheat sb (out) of sth 欺骗某人某物The big boy cheated the small boy out of his pocket money. 这个大男孩欺骗小男孩的钱。cheat sb into n./doing 欺骗某人去做某事She was cheated into buying the watch,because she was cheated into the belief that the watch was gold. 她被骗了去买这块表，因为她认为这块表是金的。cheat in 作弊He was caught cheat

28、ing in the exam. 他被发现在考试中作弊。n.骗子，欺骗行为15.sharev. share (in) sth (with sb) 共享，共用，分担share joys and sorrows 同甘共苦Learn to share,not so selfish. 学会分享，不自私。n.份，股份This is your share,take it away. 这是你的股份，把它拿走。He bought 1000 shares in the company. 他在公司里买了1000股。16.crazy adj.疯狂的be crazy about/over sth 爱上、热衷于；痴迷于

29、The boy is crazy about skating. 小男孩喜欢上了滑冰。be crazy about sb=fall in love with sb 疯狂的迷恋某人He is crazy about you. 他对你极度迷恋。注：fall in love with sb是短时间的爱上，长时间的用be in love with sb。be crazy to do sth=Its crazy of sb to do sth 做.是狂热的、疯狂的be crazy enough to change the world 疯狂的足以改变世界The people who are crazy en

30、ough to think they can change the world,Are the ones who do.那些疯狂到以为他们能够改变世界的人才能真正地改变世界。补充：drive sb crazy 使某人发疯 be crazy for 梦想着17.grateful adj.感激的 be grateful to sb for sth 因.对某人表示感激；庆幸的18.句型：It is/was the first time that sb have/had done.It is the first time that I have been in Beijing. 这是我第一次来北京。1

31、9.get along with 与.相处；进展Readers can get along with these new words gradually. 读者们能够渐渐地熟悉这些新单词。The phrases of “get”：get about （消息）传开，到处走动get along 进行，过活，相处，走开get away 逃掉，逃跑get away from 避免，摆脱，离开get back 回来，收回get close to 接近get down 记下来，打下来，落下get down on ones knees 屈膝下跪get down to 开始认真（做某事）get into th

32、e habit of 染上.的习惯get hold of 拿到，找到，抓住get in 进站，进去，回来，收进去，请来get off 起飞，（动身）离开，脱下（衣服等）get on （某方面）进行情况，相处，上车，继续进行，顺利发展get on well with 与.相处融洽get over 克服，忍受，摆脱（疾病等）get rid of 消灭，摆脱，除掉get round 传开，绕过，回避get through 做完，结束，通过（电话）接通get together 聚会，联欢get up 起床，站起来，举办20.while引导时间状语从句cl.为延续性动作；通常用过去进行时。I get t

33、o know him while I lived here.While he was playing football,he got his leg hurt.U 2 English around the worldItemsMain Language Points （ 17）Words1.voyage n.航行；2.official adj.官方的；3.conquer v.征服；4.native adj.本国的；5.base n.基础，大本营；6.over prep.覆盖；7.command v.要求；8.request v.要求；9.recognize v.认出，识别；10.standar

34、d adj.标准的；11.close adj.接近的Phrases1.表示“因为”的短语；2.even if/though；3.have a genus for.；4.come up；5.表“列举”之意Structure1.more than one与many a结构及延伸Preview1. voyage；2.official；3.conquer；4.more than one和many a结构；5.表示“因为”的短语；6.even if/though；7.native；8. come up 9.base；10.over；11.command；12.request；13.recognize；1

35、4.have a genus for.；15.standard；16.close；17.表“列举”之意1.voyage n.专指海上、太空旅行 make a ；on a journey 陆上长途（单程）flight 飞机航空、航天travel 泛指所有旅行trip 短途往返 have a good 旅途愉快2. official adj.官方的 n.行政人员，公务人员n. officer 主要侧重指军官，也可指公司或政府机构中高职人员 office 办公室 post office 邮局3. conquer vt.征服；占领Man can conquer nature. 人定胜天。We Chin

36、ese people is a hardworking and brave one,wholl never be conquered.我们中国人民是勤劳勇敢的人，永远不会被征服。4. more than one与 many a +单数名词表示：不止一个，许多的意思，其谓语动词用三单。More than one person knows this matter.Many a person knows this matter.不止一个人知道这个问题。PS! more than one与there be句型结合时，there be句型中的be (s.&pl.)均可。There is/are more

37、 than one student. 这里有很多学生。补充：Part 1. more than+.A. “more than+名词”表示“不仅仅是”Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. Jason不仅仅是个演讲家，他也是个作家。We need more than material wealth to build our country. 建设我们国家，不仅仅需要物质财富。B. “more than+数词”含“以上”或“不止”之意I have known David for more than 20 years. 我和David

38、相识不止20年了。C. “more than+形容词”表示“很”或“非常”的意思I assure you I am more than glad to help you. 我保证我非常乐意的帮助你。D. more than + (that)从句，其基本意义是“超过(=over)”，但可译成“简直不”“远非”。难以，完全不能(其后通常连用情态动词can)That is more than I can understand . 那非我所能懂的。The heat there was more than he could stand. 那儿的炎热程度是他所不能忍受的。此外，“more than”也在一

39、些惯用语中出现，如：More often than not(经常),people tend to pay attention to what they can take rather than what they can give.人们经常有这种倾向，过多关注与他们能获取的东西而不是他们能拥有的东西。All of us are more than a little concerned about(非常关心)the current economic problems.我们都非常关心当前的经济问题。Part 2. more.thanA.比多，比更He has more books than me.

40、 他的书比我多。He is more careful than the others. 他比其他人更仔细。B.与其不如He is more lucky than clever. 与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。He is more (a) scholar than (a) teacher. 与其说他是位教师，不如说他是位学者。注：该句型主要用于同一个人或物在两个不同性质或特征等方面的比较，其中的比较级必须用加more 的形式，不能用加词尾-er 的形式。Part 3. no/not more thanA.no more than 的意思是“仅仅”、“只有”“最多，不超过”，强调少。This tes

41、t takes no more than thirty minutes. 这个测验只要30分钟。For thirty years，he had done no more than he (had) needed to. 30年来，他只干了他需要干的工作。B.not more than 为more than（多于）的否定式，其意为“不多于”、“不超过”Not more than 10 guests came to her birthday party. 来参加她的生日宴会的客人不超过十人。比 较：She has no more than three hats. 她只有3顶帽子。（太少了）She

42、has not more than three hats. 她至多有3顶帽子。（也许不到3顶帽子）I have no more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的钱最多不过5元。（言其少）I have not more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的钱不多于5元。（也许不到5元）Part 4. no/not more.thanA.no more.than 表示对两者都否定，意为“同一样不”（=neither.nor.）He is no more a writer than a painter. 他既不是画家，也不是作家。（

43、=He is neither a painter nor a writer.）Hes no more able to read Spanish than I am. 他和我都读不懂西班牙语。（=Neither he nor I am able to read Spanish.）B.not more.than 指两者都具有某种特征，但是程度不同，意为“不如”、“不及”（=not so. as）。如：(lessthan)She is not more clever than he is. 她不如他聪明。（=She is not so clever as he is.）This book is no

44、t more difficult than that one. 这本书不及那本书难。（This book is not so difficult as that one.）此 外：no other.than. 除.之外，不再.I have no other relative in Binzhou than my aunt. 在滨州除了姑妈之外我再无其它亲戚了。would rather .than. 宁愿.也不.The soldier would rather die than give in. 那位士兵宁可死也不投降。no/none other than. 不是别的，正好是.The man w

45、ith a book in his hand is no/none other than our English teacher.手里拿着书的那个人不是别人，正是我们的英语老师。nothing else than.;完全是.What he said just now was nothing else than a joke. 他刚才说的简直是笑话。Part 5. less thanA. （指数量）不到，不足Its less than half an hours drive from here. 开车到那里不到半个钟头。In less than an hour he finished the w

46、ork. 没要上一个小时，他就完成了工作。B. 比（小）少She eats less than she should. 她吃得比她应该吃的少。Half the group felt they spent less than average. 半数人觉得他们的花费低于平均水平。C.不太，一点也不The boys were less than happy about having a party. 开晚会男孩子们并不很高兴。We were less than delighted to have company that day. 那天有客人我们并不太高兴。Part 6. Less.thanA.不像

47、（如）He is less honest than his brother. 他不如他哥哥诚实。B. 比少，不如多We drink less coffee than tea. 我们喝咖啡不如喝茶多。C. 与其不如I regard him less as my teacher than as my friend. 与其说我把他当作老师，不如说我是把他当作朋友。注意：表示此义时可与more.than 结构替换（但要注意词序的变化）。He is less a teacher than an expert./He is more an expert than a teacher. 与其说他是老师，不如

48、说他是专家。5.表示因为的短语：Of组：because of/as a result of/on account of/as a consequence ofBecause of what he said,I cant fix my attention on my work. 由于他所说的话，我不能全身心的工作了。To组：due to/owing to/thanks to (必须与主句用“，”隔开。)6. even if/though 即使、尽管（引导让步状语从句）as if / though 似乎，好像 （引导方式状语从句或表语从句，分清楚真实条件句还是非真实条件句。）7.native ad

49、j.&n.本地的 native land/language/dishes 本地/当地语言/本土特色原产的 be native to. The giant panda is native to China. 大熊猫是中国特有的动物。n.+of Im a native of Chinese. 我是土生土长的中国人。8.come up开始，发生 Ill let him know if anything comes up. 如有什么事,我会告诉他的。走进，上来 She came up and said, Glad to meet you. 她走过来说，“很高兴见到你。”被提及，被讨论 A number

50、 of questions came up at the meeting. 会议上提出了许多问题。（太阳、月亮）升起 It will be so great watching the sun came up. 看着太阳升起是十分美妙的事。突然发生 I was delayed-something came up at home. 我耽搁了一会儿-家里出了点事。露出地面，发芽 The seeds I sowed last week havent come up yet. 上星期我种的种子还没有发芽。流 行The phrases of “Come”：come about 发 生come across

51、 碰到，偶遇；被理解come along 一道去；进行，赶快come at 袭 击come away 脱离；折断come back 回来；复员，恢复come by 获 得come between 干预，妨碍come（in）first/second得第一/二come down 倒下，跌落；传下来；+with患（病）come for 来拿，来取come forth 出来；涌现come forward 前进；自告奋勇；涌现come from 来自=be fromcome in 进来；到来；存在；时兴；上台come into existence发生，产生，出现；+ force开始生效；+ power/

52、office上台，掌握政权；+use 开始使用come of 出生于.；有.结果come off 脱落；发生come on （风雨等）到来；演出；赶快；（花）开；亮（灯）come out 长出来；出版；+ against起来反对；+with 讲出，泄露（秘密等）come over 来访；突然产生come to oneself 苏醒过来；come to do逐渐；come to 总计；谈到；come to a stop/ an end停止come up 走近；长出；流行come upon 碰 见come up with 9.basen.基础；本部、基地；素材；底座The opening poli

53、cy has a broad base of support. 这个开放的政策有广泛支持基础。Fu Shun is one of the important industry bases of our province. 抚顺是我省重要的工业基地。I use your family history as a base for my book. 我把你的家庭历史作为本书的素材。Remove from the heat and plunge the base of the pan into a bowl of very cold water. 先把锅从炉子上拿开，然后把锅底浸入一盆冷水中。vt.把

54、.建立在.上、以.为依据 base . onI based my hope on the new plan.我把我的希望都寄放在这个新计划上。We should base our future achievements on todays hardworking. 我们应该把未来的成就建立在今天的努力工作之上。adj.basic 吝啬的、卑鄙的He is such a basic man. 他是个吝啬的男人。10.over prep.超过=more than遍及+sp在.上方/上(有遮盖、遮蔽之意)通过(方式、手段)翻过、越过(动作状态)+时间名词，表示经过一段时间=during=through out； +普通名词，表示一边、一边(同时进行的)。 They had a pleasant chat over a cup of tea. 他们边喝茶边聊天。over and over again 一遍又一遍11.command + n. 支配 v. + sb to do + that+s.+(should)+doThe troops were commanded by general Haig. 这支部队由Haig将军掌管。The general commanded his men to fight bravely. 这位将军命令他的手下英勇作战。The m