英美报刊阅读 第六课新闻背景材料和来源

1、Lesson six,第六课引语与消息来源Quotations and Attribution,abstract,The chapter illustrates the use of: Complete direct quotations Partial quotations Indirect quotations Attribution is discussed, with special emphasis on the most common verb of attribution ,the proper ways to provide identification in attribut

2、ion and guidelinesfor the placement of attribution.,I. Using Quotations,*A. Types of Quotations 1. Complete Direct quotations完全直接引语 “The Supreme Court will consider some of the most significant First Amendment cases of the decade during the coming term”, attorney John Jones said Monday. “Journalists

3、 have grown increasingly concerned about what they perceive to be the anti-press bias of the current court.Therefore,journalists will be watching the court with particular interest this term.”,2. Partial quotations部分直接引语,Attorney John Jones said Monday that the Supreme Court will consider “some of t

4、he most significant First Amendment cases of the decade”when it convenes for the coming term. John said that journalists will be particular interested in the court actions because of”what they perceive to be the anti-press bias of the current court.”,3. Indirect and paraphrased quotations非直接部分引语,Som

5、e of the most significant First Amendment cases of the decade will come before the Supreme Court this term, attorney John Jones said Monday. He said the cases will be of particular interest to journalists because many of them view the court as being biased against the press.,*B. When and How to Quot

6、e,1. Guidelines for direct quotations a. Use direct quotations for specific, vivid statements b. Use direct quotations for descriptive statements c. Use direct quotations for inner feelings d. Use direct quotations to capture personality e. Use direct quotations to supplement statements of fact f. U

7、se direct quotations for dialogue g. Use direct quotations to reduce attributions,*2. Pitfalls to avoid in quoting,a. Beware of inaccuracies in quotations b. Beware of rambling quotations c. Beware of incomprehensible quotations d. Do not reconstruct partial quotations e. Avoid using fragmentary quo

8、tations f. Avoid illogicalities in presenting quotations g. Observe taste in quotations h. Be alert to offensive language i. Be certain when using dialect,3. Use of Soundbites for Broadcast,Less than 15second Blind lead-in 例:健康专家雷德说,每年对幼儿园进行环境检测是非常重要的,因为: “儿童的器官组织还处于生长发育阶段,更容易受到污染气体的侵害. ” 怎么改?,II. A

9、ttributing Quotations,A. When and How to Attribute 1. Verbs of attribution: said, added,demanded,hinted,opined,stated, stressed, maintained 2. Identification in attributions 3. Placement of attributions: Six guidelines a. Guideline 1 (single sentence quoted directly) b. Guideline 2 (multiple sentences quoted directly) c. Guideline 3 (change of speakers) d. Guideline 4 (attribution preceding multiple-sentence direct quotation),e. Guideline 5 (attribution to same speaker in extended quotations) f. Guideline 6 (partial quotation followed by complete direct quotation