热点09 三大主题意境之人与自我（阅读理解之首字母填空）（解析版）

热点09人与自我阅读理解之首字母填空题首字母填空类短文题是近几年中考试题经常采用的题型之一，因为它有非常好的信度和效度，又能拉开考生间的分差、提高区分度。这种题型属于能力测试的范畴，它考查的范围极广，可以是英语知识的方方面面，还可能涉及其它学科。它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来，并且单词形式合理，符合语法规范，符合短文需要。这种试题的首字母已给，所填的就必须是该字母开头的单词。这既是一种限制，又是一种提示。可是这种题型因难度相对较大，考生失分现象比较严重。学生要仔细阅读全文，利用上下文提供的有关信息，再仔细阅读相关句子，判断所缺单词的句子成分，才能完成练习。完型填空式中考试卷中最难的题型，最能测量考生实际运用语言的能力。要做好此类题目，考生不但要有较强的语感，善于体会上下文的内在联系，而且要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。英语阅读主题意境中涉及到人与自我的主要话题包括：自我认知与成长：作品可能探讨人物对自己内心世界的认知，以及他们在经历中的成长和变化。自我实现与追求：作品可能探讨人物对于自我价值的实现与追求，及他们在这个过程中面对的困难和挑战。内心世界与情感表达：作品可能描绘人物内心的复杂情感，以及他们如何通过行为和言辞来表达这些情感。自我价值与存在意义：作品可能探讨人物对于自我价值意义的思考，以及他们对生活、命运的理解与回应。【应试技巧】短文填空题失分率较高，其原因也是较多的。有些同学或急于求成，或过于自信，或为节省时间，在未通读完全文时便匆匆答题。殊不知这样做会适得其反，达不到良好的效果。因此，了解和掌握正确的解题方法和技巧是十分必要的。1.通读全文，了解大意短文中虽有一些词未知，但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过空格，尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息，以及语法结构方面的提示，有助于下一步的分析与判断。2.再读全文，理清脉络通读全文、掌握大意后，还应逐字逐句地仔细阅读，从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定答案。在答题过程中，同学们可以把有把握的词先填好，逐步减少空格对阅读造成的障碍，然后再仔细推敲剩下的难题。3.仔细推敲，确保准确词义判断正确了不等于答题正确，同学们还应从词法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准确性。有的学生经过思考确定了一个意思正确的词作为答案，但忽略了从语法角度再进行验证，因而出现了一些与时态、人称等有关的词形变化的错误。如果填的词是名词，首先要考虑到单、复数的问题；如果是动词，要考虑应使用什么时态和语态。注意：填入的词既能使句意通顺，又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确。如bought易误答成buy；lights易误答成light；reaches易误答成reach;heavier易误答成heavy等。因此，在初步确定答案后，一定还要反复考虑，仔细推敲，确保用词准确4.复读全文，全面检查答题完毕后复读全文，进行核查是必不可少的。做完题后，一定要认真检查，尽量减少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误，对有疑问的地方，更要根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌，这样才能尽量避免失分。一、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，是其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给)Peoplewanttoknowifpre-mademealsarehealthyenoughforteenagers.Pre-mademealsrefertohalf-finishedorfinisheddishesthatarealreadycookedorprepared,accordingtotheChinaCuisineAssociation(中国烹饪协会).Thereareseveralkindsofpre-madefoods:ready-to-eatfood,suchascannedfoodorcookedfoodinpackages,andready-to-heatorready-to-cookfood.Thesefoodsusuallyr1heatingorcookingfirstbeforebeingserved.Manypeoplethinkthatpre-madefoodsarelesshealthybecausetheyusuallyneedtobekeptinf2.“Infact,freezingitselfdoesnotcausenutrition(营养)loss,”LiuJunya,a33-year-oldprofessorindietinBeijingsaid.“Butnutritionlossdoeshappenwhenweheatorfrythefood.VitaminsBandCinmeatandvegetablescanbelostduringthatp3.Bybeingheatedorcookedtwiceormore,pre-madefoodscanbelessnutritiousthanfreshlypreparedandcookedfoods,”Liusaid.“B4,manypre-madefoodcompaniesputthetasteoffoodaheadofnutrition,”saidLiu.Thisleadstohigherlevelofsaltandsugarinthefoodandmaycauseserioushealthproblemsinthelongterm.Additives(添加剂)area5problemrelatedtopre-madefoods.Theyaremainlyusedtoimprovetheflavourofthefood,aswellastokeepit,increaseitsshelflife,andcolorit.InChina,foodindustryhasalreadyhadmoderntechnologytokeeppre-madefoodswithoutanyadditives.Inthiswaysomefoodcanbekeptforalongertime.Butit’sn6thatcustomersonlybuypre-madefoodsfrombigandqualified(有资质的)foodcompaniesorsupermarkets.Itishopedthatlawsonpre-mademealscanensurebetternutritionandhygiene(卫生).“Inthiswaywehopepre-mademealswillbea7bymoreandwillbringconvenienceinsteadofworriestopeople.Butatpresent,noonecantell.”Liusaid.【答案】1．(r)equire2．(f)ridges3．(p)rocess4．(B)esides5．(a)lso6．(n)ecessary7．(a)ccepted【导语】本文是议论文。针对预制菜对于青少年来说是否健康进行谈论。1．句意：这些食物通常需要在上菜前先加热或烹饪。根据“heatingorcookingfirstbeforebeingserved.”可知这些食物需要加热，“require”符合题意，上下文可知用一般现在时，主语为“thesefoods”，故动词用原形。故填(r)equire。2．句意：许多人认为预制食品不太健康，因为它们通常需要保存在冰箱。根据“becausetheyusuallyneedtobekeptin”可知把食物放在冰箱里，“fridge”符合题意，此处用复数。故填(f)ridges。3．句意：在这个过程中，肉类和蔬菜中的维生素B和C可能会流失。根据“VitaminsBandCinmeatandvegetablescanbelostduringthat”可知是在加热这个过程过程中会流失维生素，根据首字母可知“process”符合题意。故填(p)rocess。4．句意：此外，许多预制食品公司将食物的味道置于营养之上。根据“manypre-madefoodcompaniesputthetasteoffoodaheadofnutrition”以及前一段可知，本段是对预制菜的缺点的进一步叙述。根据首字母可知“besides”符合题意。故填(B)esides。5．句意：添加剂也是与预制食品有关的问题。根据“problemrelatedtopre-madefoods”可知，本段是关于预制菜中添加剂的使用的，故是对缺点的进一步说明，根据首字母可知“also”符合题意。故填(a)lso。6．句意：但顾客只从大型合格食品公司或超市购买预制食品是很有必要的。根据“thatcustomersonlybuypre-madefoodsfrombigandqualified(有资质的)foodcompaniesorsupermarkets.”可知民众要从大公司购买预制菜，这是必要的，根据首字母可知“necessary”符合题意。故填(n)ecessary。7．句意：通过这种方式，我们希望预制餐能被更多人接受，给人们带来方便而不是担忧。根据“wehopepre-mademealswillbe”可知是被更多的人接受，“accept”符合题意，此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填(a)ccepted。二、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，是其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给)Homesweethome—thisphrasebringsbackgoodmemoriesandfeelings.Theplaceyoucallhomemightbeahouse,aflat,atentorotherplaces.H8didyouknowthattheconditionofyourlivingspacecanhaveaneffectonyouremotions(情感)andevenonyourmentalhealth?Byorganizingyourlivingspace,youcanhelptoachieveamorepeacefullife.AddlightItgoeswithoutsayingthatthelightinginyourroomorinyourhousecana9yourmood.Ifthelightingistoodim(昏暗的),yourmoodmayendupmatchingthedarkatmosphere.Artificial(人工的)lightmaynotdothetrick,though.Itisbettertoopenyourcurtainsbecausen10sunlightmakesyourwholedaybrighter.GogreenTomakesureyouhavegoodmentalhealth,surroundyourselfwithgreenplants.Alargenumberofstudieshaveshownthatthepresenceofgreenplantsinyourhomecani11mood.Choosecolorsw12Thecolorofyourenvironmenthasanactiveinfluenceonyourmood.Choosingcolorsthatcreateacalmatmosphere(氛围)canbeatypeoftreatment.CleanitupLet’salladmitit;Wehavetroublekeepingourspaceclean.Butitdoesn’tjustlookterrible;itmakesyoufeelterrible.Anuntidyroombothshowsstressandcausesstress.Disordercanshowthatyou’retoobusytokeepthingstidy,butthenlookingatam13canleadtomorestress.Cleaningupdoesn’thavetotakeallday—justtake10or15minutesandputafewthingsaway.Youwillbesurprisedhowmuchbetteryou’llfeel.Thereisnol14towaysyoucanmakeyourenvironmentgoodforyourmentalhealth.Youcanputupphotosofyourfamilyandfriendsorpostencouragingnotesfrompeoplethatshowhowmuchtheyloveyou.Justremember:Yoursurroundingscanmake“homesweethome”muchsweeter.【答案】8．(H)ow9．(a)ffect10．(n)atural11．(i)mprove12．(w)isely13．(m)ess14．(l)imit【导语】本文介绍居住空间的条件会影响你的情绪，甚至会影响你的心理健康。文章具体给出一些建议。8．句意：你如何知道你的居住空间的条件会影响你的情绪，甚至影响你的心理健康？根据后句“Byorganizingyourlivingspace,youcanhelptoachieveamorepeacefullife.”可知，强调方式，用疑问词How放句首，故填(H)ow。9．句意：不用说，你房间或家里的灯光会影响你的情绪。根据“Itgoeswithoutsayingthatthelightinginyourroomorinyourhousecan...yourmood.”可知，灯光会影响你的情绪，affect“影响”，情态动词后用动词原形，故填(a)ffect。10．句意：最好打开窗帘，因为自然光会让你的一整天都更明亮。根据“Itisbettertoopenyourcurtainsbecause...sunlightmakesyourwholedaybrighter.”可知，打开窗帘，自然光会进来；natural“自然的”，作定语修饰sunlight，故填(n)atural。11．句意：大量研究表明，在家里摆放绿色植物可以改善情绪。根据“Alargenumberofstudieshaveshownthatthepresenceofgreenplantsinyourhomecan...mood.”可知，绿色植物可以改善情绪，improve“改善”，情态动词后用动词原形，故填(i)mprove。12．句意：明智地选择颜色根据“Choosecolors...”可知，要明智地选择颜色，wisely“明智地”，修饰动词，故填(w)isely。13．句意：混乱可能表明你太忙而无法保持东西整洁，但是看着混乱会导致更多的压力。根据“Disordercanshowthatyou’retoobusytokeepthingstidy,butthenlookingata...canleadtomorestress.”可知，看着混乱会导致更多的压力，mess“混乱”符合语境，故填(m)ess。14．句意：让你的环境对你的心理健康有益的方法是没有限制的。根据“Thereisno...towaysyoucanmakeyourenvironmentgoodforyourmentalhealth.”可知，让你的环境对你的心理健康有益的方法是没有限制的，limit“限制”符合语境，故填(l)imit。三、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，是其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给)ThepowerofpositivethinkingIsyourglassofmilkhalf-fullorhalf-empty?Thisquestionisoftenusedtot15people’sattitudeinasituation:Peoplewhostayactivealwayshavepositivethinking(ahalf-fullglass),whilethosewhoarenegativeusuallylookontheotherside(ahalf-emptyone).Whyispositivethinkinggoodforyou?Researchshowsthatpeoplewhohavepositivethinkingarelikelytoexperiencel16stressandcandobetterwhenfacedwithchallenges.However,peoplewhoalwaysexpecttheworsttohappenmayfindithardtobelievethesechallengeswillpass.Scientistshavefoundthatthinkingpositivelycanmakeyouhappierandmores17.Thisisbecauseyoubelievethatyoucanreachyourgoals,whichencouragesyoutoworktowardsthem.Whyisworryinglikeafirealarm?Everybodycanworryfromtimetotime.Worryingcanhelptokeepyousafe.Ifyouwereneverworried,youwouldn’tnoticethedangerahead.Butthef18isthatitsometimesgoesoffwhenthereisn’tahugedangertoface.Whenthishappens,youmayfeelupsetandanxiousaboutwhatisgoingtohappen.HowdoIdealwiththe‘firealarm’?1.Gosomewherepeacefulandc19yourself.Takefivedeepbreathsandthinkofyourfavouritesportsstars.Whatwouldtheysay?2.Talktoafriendortrustedadultaboutyourworriesandtrytounderstandwherethe‘firealarm’iscomingfrom.3.Sometimesthealarmwilld20ifyousingtoyourself,listentomusic,cuddlethecat,haveabathorhavesomethingtoeatordrink.HowcanIbepositive?Thesewordsaretakenfromchildren’sbooksforyourreference.1.‘Happinesscanbefoundeveninthed21times,ifonerememberstoturnonthelight.’2.‘Iamnotafraidofstorms,forIamlearninghowtosailmyship.’【答案】15．(t)est16．(l)ess17．(s)uccessful18．(f)act19．(c)alm20．(d)ie21．(d)arkest【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了积极思考的相关信息。15．句意：这个问题通常用来测试人们在某种情况下的态度：积极的人总是有积极的想法（半满的杯子），而那些消极的人通常看另一边（半空的杯子）。根据“Isyourglassofmilkhalf-fullorhalf-empty?”可知，这个问题的答案是用来测试的，结合首字母提示t可知，动词test“测试”符合语境，动词不定式符号后加动词原形。故填(t)est。16．句意：研究表明，积极思考的人可能会经历更少的压力，在面对挑战时也能做得更好。根据“dobetterwhenfacedwithchallenges”可知，此处应填一形容词的比较级，表示“更少的压力”，结合首字母提示l可知，less“更少的”符合语境。故填(l)ess。17．句意：科学家发现，积极思考能让你更快乐、更成功。这是因为你相信你可以达到你的目标，这鼓励你朝着目标努力。根据“Scientistshavefoundthatthinkingpositivelycanmakeyouhappierandmore”和“Thisisbecauseyoubelievethatyoucanreachyourgoals,whichencouragesyoutoworktowardsthem.”可知，积极思考能让你更快乐、更成功，结合首字母提示s可知，successful“成功的”符合语境。故填(s)uccessful。18．句意：但事实是，它有时会在没有巨大危险的情况下爆炸。根据“isthatitsometimesgoesoffwhenthereisn’tahugedangertoface”可知它有时会在没有巨大危险的情况下爆炸，这是一个事实，结合首字母提示f可知，fact“事实”符合语境。故填(f)act。19．句意：去一个安静的地方，让自己平静下来。根据“Gosomewherepeacefuland”可知，让自己平静下来，结合首字母提示c可知，calmoneself“使某人平静下来”为固定搭配，此处用动词原形。故填(c)alm。20．句意：有时候，如果你给自己唱歌、听听音乐、抱抱猫、洗个澡或吃点东西或喝点什么，警报就会消失。根据“singtoyourself,listentomusic,cuddlethecat,haveabathorhavesomethingtoeatordrink”可知，此处说的是，让警报消失的方法，will后应接动词原形，结合首字母提示d可知，die“消失”符合句意。故填(d)ie。21．句意：幸福即使在黑暗的时候也能找到，只要你记得打开灯。根据定冠词the和“ifonerememberstoturnonthelight”可知，此处指的是“最黑暗的时刻”，结合首字母提示d可知，空格出应填形容词dark“黑暗的”的最高级形式darkest。故填(d)arkest。四、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，是其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给)OpenyourmindBeingcuriousabouttheworldaroundyoucanboostyourconfidence.Asanewschoolyearbegins,openingyourmindtonewpeopleandexperienceswillhelpyoumakefriendsandd22newinterests.Don’tworryaboutit—haveago!Havinganopenmindandbeingcuriousmeanstryingtounderstandotherpeople’st23andideas,evenifyoudon’talwaysagreewiththem.Italsomeanstryingnewexperiencesandexploringdifferentwaysofdoingthings.Youcanhaveanopenmindabouta24.Thenewschooltermmeansthereareplentyofopportunitiestoopenyourmind,findanewactivitytotry,makenewfriendsandintheprocess,learnmoreaboutyourself.Therearemanyb25tobeingopenminded.KendraCherryisanauthorandexpertinfeelings,andshesaysithelpsyoulearnnewthingsabouttheworldandthepeoplearoundyou.Thismakesyoufeelmoreconfidentandpositiveaboutfacingchallenges.Havinganinterestinotherpeoplegivesyoumoreempathy,whichmeansyouunderstandandsharetheirfeelings,saysCherry.Beingopentof26ideascanalsocreateexcitingnewonesofyourown.Startbyaskingquestions,saysCherry.Soifyou’reunsureaboutjoininganewclub,askyourselfwhat’sstoppingyou.Imaginehowitfeelstolearnanews27,meetnewpeopleandmakefriends.Don’tjumptoasuddendecisionbutgiveyourselftimetothinkaboutitfirst.Ifsomeonesayssomethingyoudisagreewith,theninsteadofdecidingtheyarew28orarguingback,takeamomenttoconsiderwhytheyhavethatopinion.Finally,openyourmindtonewideas.Evenifyouthinkyou’reanexpertonasubjectthereisalwaysmoreyoucanlearn,【答案】22．(d)evelop23．(t)houghts24．(a)nything25．(b)enefits26．(f)resh27．(s)kill28．(w)rong【导语】本文主要介绍了我们要对任何事物都要持开放态度，这会给我们带来很多好处。22．句意：随着新学年的开始，向新的人和经历敞开心扉将有助于你结交朋友，培养新的兴趣。根据“newinterests.”可知是培养新兴趣，develop“培养”，and前后动词形式一致，故此处用动词原形。故填(d)evelop。23．句意：拥有开放的心态和好奇心意味着试图理解他人的想法和主意，即使你并不总是同意他们的观点。根据“andideas”可知是理解他人的想法，thought“想法”，此处用名词复数。故填(t)houghts。24．句意：你可以对任何事情都持开放态度。根据“Youcanhaveanopenmindabout”可知对任何事情都保持开放的态度，anything“任何事”。故填(a)nything。25．句意：思想开放有很多好处。根据“ithelpsyoulearnnewthingsabouttheworldandthepeoplearoundyou.”可知思想开放有很多好处，benefit“好处”，many后加可数名词复数。故填(b)enefits。26．句意：对新想法持开放态度也可以创造出令人兴奋的新想法。根据“Beingopento...ideascanalsocreateexcitingnewonesofyourown.”可知是对新想法持开放态度，fresh“新的”。故填(f)resh。27．句意：想象一下学习一项新技能、结识新朋友的感觉。根据“Imaginehowitfeelstolearnanew...”可知是学习新技能，skill“技能”，a后加可数名词单数。故填(s)kill。28．句意：如果有人说了你不同意的话，那么与其认定他们错了或反驳，不如花点时间考虑一下他们为什么会有这种观点。根据“orarguingback”可知是反驳他们是错的，wrong“错的”。故填(w)rong。五、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，是其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给)Interviewwithanartisan(工匠)BakerJenny’sSweetsisafamousbakeryintheheartofJing’an.Itopenedin2016,andquicklybecamethefirstchoiceforlocals.Inthisinterview,wespeakwiththeowner,tolearnwhatmakesherbusinesssosuccessful.Whatdoesitmeantobean“artisan”baker?Itissoamazinghowwonderfule29hasbeenhere.Atfirst,openingabakeryinanewcountrywasworried.Butthepeopleherearesonice,andtheyr30likecomingtomylittleartisanbakery.Whymakeeverythingbyhand?Well,tome,itmeansthatwemakeourbreadandcakesbyhand,thet31way.Wedon’tusemachinesorfrozenfoodstomakeourproducts.Ourproductsarehealthierandtastebetterb32everythingismadefresheverymorning,IknowthatamommyisfeedingherfamilywithbreadImade.It’sabigr33togivethemhealthy,tastyfoodsthatwillmakethemhappy.Ifweusedmachinestomakeourproducts,allofourcakepopswouldbethesame.Wouldn’tusingmachinesmakeyourjobeasier?Isupposeso.Ifweusemachines,wecouldmakemoreproducts.Itwouldbemuchc34,too.Also,wewouldn’tselloutofpopularproducts,sowewouldmakemoremoney.But,ourbreadwouldn’ttastenearlyasgood.Anditwouldbealotlesshealthy.Personally,Ip35tosellOUTofsomethinggood,thansellaLOTofsomethingbad.Astheysay:“QualityoverQuantity(数量).”【答案】29．(e)veryone/(e)verybody30．(r)eally31．(t)raditional32．(b)ecause33．(r)esponsibility34．(c)heaper35．(p)refer【导语】本文是一篇对一位工匠面包师的采访内容。29．句意：这里的每个人都很棒，真是太棒了。根据“Itissoamazinghowwonderfule...hasbeenhere.”可推出此处指来这里的每个人，everyone/everybody“每个人”。故填(e)veryone/(e)verybody。30．句意：但是这里的人都很好，他们真的很喜欢来我的小手工面包店。根据“andtheyr...likecomingtomylittleartisanbakery”可推出是真的很喜欢来小手工面包店，really“真的”，副词修饰动词。故填(r)eally。31．句意：对我来说，这意味着我们用传统的方式手工制作面包和蛋糕。根据“wemakeourbreadandcakesbyhand”可推出用手工制作面包和蛋糕属于传统的方式，traditional“传统的”。故填(t)raditional。32．句意：我们的产品更健康，味道更好，因为每样东西都是每天早上新鲜制作的。句子前果后因，用because表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句。故填(b)ecause。33．句意：给他们健康、美味的食物，让他们开心，这是一个很大的责任。根据“togivethemhealthy,tastyfoodsthatwillmakethemhappy”可推出这些事面包店的责任，responsibility“责任”，a后用单数。故填(r)esponsibility。34．句意：也会便宜得多。根据“Ifweusemachines,wecouldmakemoreproducts.”结合常识可知产量多会更便宜，cheap“便宜的”，结合“moreproducts”可知用比较级cheaper。故填(c)heaper。35．句意：就我个人而言，我宁愿把好东西卖光，也不愿卖很多坏东西。prefertodosth.thandosth.“宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”，I后用动词原形。故填(p)refer。一、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，是其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给)Oneday,Jacksonagedeightwentfishingwithhisfather.Atnoonhefeltthatsomethingbigonhisline,hec36tookthefishoutofthewater.Itwasthel37onehehadeverseen.Hisfatherlookedathiswatch.Itwasnearlythreehoursbeforethefishingseasonopened.Helookedatthefish,thenatJackon.“You’llhavetoputitback,son,”hesaid.“Dad!”criedJackon.“Therewillbeotherfish,”saidhisfather.“Notasbigasthisone,”criedJackon.Helookeda38.Therewerenootherfishermen.Helookedagainathisfather.Hecouldtellthatthed39wasnotnegotiable（可以商量的）.Heslowlyworkedthehookoutofthefishandputitintothewater.Thatwas35yearsago.Today,Jacksonisanexcellentmanager.Hesometimest40hisownchildrentofishinthesameriver.Hehasn41againcaughtsuchalargefishastheonehegotthatday.Buthedoesseethatsamefishagainandagaineverytimehecomesupagainstaquestionofethics（道德）.Dowedorightwhenn42islooking?Wewouldifweweretaughttoputthefishbackwhenwewereyoung.【答案】36．(c)arefully37．(l)argest38．(a)round39．(d)ecision40．(t)akes41．(n)ever42．(n)obody【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了Jackson和父亲去钓鱼，钓鱼过程中Jackson学到了人生重要一课。36．句意：中午，他觉得钓线上有个大东西，他小心翼翼地把鱼从水里捞了出来。根据“somethingbigonhisline”可知，他钓到了一只很大的鱼，结合首字母与动词“took”可知此处应为carefully“小心翼翼地、认真地”，故填(c)arefully。37．句意：这是他见过的最大的一只。根据“hefeltthatsomethingbigonhisline”与“hehadeverseen”可知鱼非常重；结合首字母及“the”可知应为largest“最重的，最大的”，故填(l)argest。38．句意：他看向四周。根据“looked”和首字母可知此处考查lookaround“看向四周”，故填(a)round。39．句意：他看得出来决定是不可谈判的。根据“Heslowlyworkedthehookoutofthe名词decision“决定”，故填(d)ecision。40．句意：根据“hisownchildrentofishinthesameriver”可知他会带小孩去这条河垂钓，根据结合首字母可知考查takesbtosp“带某人去某地”；结合“Hesometimes”可知一般现在时主语单三，故填(t)akes。41．句意：他再也没有钓到像那天那样大的鱼了。根据“Buthedoesseethatsamefishagainandagaineverytimehecomesupagainstaquestionofethics（道德）”可知虽然他没再钓到那样大的鱼，但每次他遇到道德问题时，他都会一次又一次地看到那条鱼，结合首字母和“again”可知此处考查neveragain“再也未”，故填(n)ever。42．句意：当没人在看的时候，我们做得对吗？根据前文和“Therewerenootherfishermen.”可知当时他钓到很大的鱼，四周无人但父亲还是让他放了，结合首字母可知此处应为nodody“无人”，故填(n)obody。二、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，是其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给)Afriendofminewasfondofdrawinghorse.Hedrewthehorsesverywell,buthealwaysbeganthetail.NowitistheWesternruletobeginattheheadofthehorse,thatiswhyIwassurprised.Itstruckmethatitcouldnotreallymakeanydifferencew43theartistbeginsattheheadorthetailorthebelly(肚子)orthefootofthehorse,ifhereallyknowshisbusiness.Andmostgreatartistswhoreallyknowtheirbusinessdonotfollowotherpeople’srule.Theymaketheirownr44.Everyoneofthemdoeshisworkinawaypeculiar(奇特的)tohimself;andthepeculiaritymeansonlythathef45itmoreeasytoworkinthatway.Nowtheverysamethingistruetoliterature(文学).Andtheq46“HowshallIbegin?”onlymeansthatyouwanttobeginattheheadi47ofbeginningatthetailorsomewhereelse.Thatis,youarenotyetexperienced(有经验的)e48totrusttoyourownpowers.Whenyoubecomemoreexperiencedyouwillneveraskthequestion,andIthinkthatyouwilloftenbeginatthetail—thatistosay,youwillwritethee49ofthestorybeforeyouhaveeventhoughtofthebeginning.【答案】43．(w)hether44．(r)ules45．(f)inds46．(q)uestion47．(i)nstead48．(e)nough49．(e)nd【导语】本文主要讲述了我们要相信自己的能力。43．句意：我突然想到，如果一个艺术家真正懂得自己的工作，他从马的头、马的尾、马的腹、马的脚开始画，其实并没有什么区别。根据“theartistbeginsattheheadorthetailorthebelly（肚子）orthefootofthehorse”和首字母提示可知，whether...or...“无论是……还是……”符合句意，故填(w)hether。44．句意：他们制定自己的规则。根据“Andmostgreatartistswhoreallyknowtheirbusinessdonotfollowotherpeople’srule.”和首字母提示可知，艺术家自己制定规则，rules符合句意，故填(r)ules。45．句意：他们每个人都以自己独特的方式工作；这种特殊性只意味着他发现用这种方式工作更容易。根据“itmoreeasytoworkinthatway”和首字母提示可知，觉得用这种方式工作更容易，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是单数，finds符合句意，故填(f)inds。46．句意：“我该如何开始?”这个问题只意味着你想从头部开始，而不是从尾部或其他地方开始。根据“HowshallIbegin?”和首字母提示可知，这是一个问题，qustion符合句意，故填(q)uestion。47．句意：“我该如何开始?”这个问题只意味着你想从头部开始，而不是从尾部或其他地方开始。根据“ofbeginningatthetail”和首字母提示可知，不想从尾部或其他地方开始，insteadof符合句意，故填(i)nstead。48．句意：也就是说，你还没有足够的经验去相信自己的能力。根据“youarenotyetexperienced”和首字母提示可知，没有足够的经验，enough符合句意，故填(e)nough。49．句意：当你变得更有经验时，你永远不会问这个问题，我认为你会经常从结尾开始——也就是说，你甚至在想到开头之前就写了故事的结尾。根据“Ithinkthatyouwilloftenbeginatthetail”和首字母提示可知，在想到开头之前就写了故事的结尾，end符合句意，故填(e)nd。三、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，是其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给)Differentpeoplemayfindthatdifferentlearningmethodsworkbestforthem.Whilesomewouldturntoteachersforhelpinordertogetbettergrades,otherschoosetostudyt50.Infact,manyuniversitiesencouragetheirstudentstoformstudygroupsandmakegooduseofthem.“Twoheadsarebetterthanone.”That’sthes51ideabehindstudygroups.Byparticipatinginastudygroup,studentscanbenefitfromsomeoftheirbestacademic(学术的)resources:otherstudents.Theygettopickeachother’sbrainsandi52theirownunderstandingofdifferentproblems.Moreover,studygroupscancreatetheslightlytense(紧张的)atmosphere.Manypeoplethinkit’sgoodtostudyinit.Forexample,somestudentstendtoprocrastinate(拖延)whentheyarestudyinga53.However,byjoiningastudygroup,theygettoobservetheirdiligentpartnersandaremorewillingtoworkharder.Studygroupsworkbestwhentheyares54.FourtofivestudentsisjustOK.Andit’snecessarytomakesureeveryonehasthesamegoal,toprepareforaparticulartest,todiscussclassreadingsortoreviewalecture’snotes.Inaddition,somestudygroupsliketogivememberscertainr55sothattheywouldstudymosteffectively.Firsttheyneedanorganizer.Heusuallygetsgroupmemberstoagreetoacommonpurposeandaconvenienttimeandplace.Theyalsoneedagroupmembertosearchforsourcesofinformation.Hisorherd56istoremindgroupmemberstoidentifytheirsources.Whenagroupmembersays“Ireadsomewherethat…”heorsheisusuallyaskedforspecifics(细节).Thispersonremindsthegroupthatit’simportanttoknowwhosaidwhatandwhereitwassaid.Andagatekeepertriestomakesurethatallgroupmembersareparticipating.【答案】50．(t)ogether51．(s)imple52．(i)mprove53．(a)lone54．(s)mall55．(r)oles56．(d)uty【导语】本文是篇说明文，主要介绍了小组学习这个学习方法的优势。50．句意：有些人会向老师寻求帮助以获得更好的成绩，而另一些人选择一起学习。根据“Whilesomewouldturntoteachersforhelpinordertogetbettergrades,otherschoosetostudy...”和首字母提示可知，强调的是和其他人一起学习，together“一起”。故填(t)ogether。51．句意：“三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。”这是小组学习背后的纯粹道理。根据“‘Twoheadsarebetterthanone’That’stheidea...”和首字母提示可知，“三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮”是小组学习的简单道理，simple“简单的，纯粹的”。故填(s)imple。52．句意：他们可以互相讨教，提高自己对不同问题的理解。根据“and...theirownunderstanding”和首字母提示可知，指的是提高问题的理解，并列连词and前后动词形式一致，此处使用动词原形improve“提高”。故填(i)mprove。53．句意：例如，一些学生在独自学习时往往会拖延。根据“somestudentstendtoprocrastinate(拖延)whentheyarestudying...”和全文语境可知，本文主要介绍的是小组学习的好处，因此“procrastinate(拖延)”应该是“独自”学习时可能产生的。alone“独自”。故填(a)lone。54．句意：学习小组人数少的时候效果好。根据下文“FourtofivestudentsisjustOK”和首字母提示可知，小组里有4到5人是合适的，是在强调数量少，small“（数量）小”。故填(s)mall。55．句意：此外，一些学习小组喜欢给成员一定的角色，使他们能够最有效地学习。根据下文“Firsttheyneedanorganizer...tosearchforsourcesofinformation.”和首字母提示可知，小组内不同的成员有着不同的职责，role“角色”，由“members”可知，需要填“role”的复数形式。故填(r)oles。56．句意：他或她的职责是提醒小组成员识别它们的来源。根据“Inaddition,somestudygroupsliketogivememberscertainroles；Hisorher...istoremindgroupmemberstoidentifytheirsources.”和首字母提示可知，不同的小组成员有不同的职责，因此答题空处指的是“他或她的义务或职责”，duty“义务，职责”，由“is”可知，此处使用可数名词单数作主语。故填(d)uty。四、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，是其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给)Ididn’tcrywhenIlearnedIwastheparentofadisabledchild.“Goaheadandcry,”thedoctoradvisedkindly,butIcouldn’tcrythen,norduringthedaysthatfollowed.WhenJennywasoldenough,Isenthertoakindergarten.Onthefirstmorning,Jennyspenthoursplayingbyherself.Itseemedthatshefeltveryl57.However,tomyjoy,Jenny’sclassmatesalwaysencouragedher,“yougotallyourspellingwordsrighttoday!”Infact,herspellinglistwasthee58.Latershefacedaverypainfulproblem—attheendoftheterm,therewasagamewhichhadsomethingtodowithphysicaleducation.ButJennywaswaybehindinit.MyhusbandandIwereanxiousabouttheday.Iwantedtokeepherhome.WhyletJennyfailinagymfilledwithparents,studentsandteachers?Butmyheartwouldn’tletmeoffthateasily.SoIpushedapale,unwillingJennyontotheschoolbus.Atthekindergarten,Iwasquiteworriedbecauseofherslowaction.Jennywouldprobablyholdup(阻碍)herteam.Thegamewentonwellu59itwastimeforthesack(麻袋)race.SurelyJennywouldfinditdifficult.Noweachchildhadtoclimbintoasack,jumptothefinishingline,returnandclimboutofthesack.InoticedJennystandingneartheendofherlineofplayers.Butasitwasherturntojoin,ac60tookplaceinherteam.ThetallestboybehindJennyplacedhishandsonherwaist(腰).Twootherboysstoodaheadofher.ThemomenttheplayerbeforeJennysteppedoutfromthesack,thosetwoboyspickedupthesackquicklyandheldito61whilethetallboyliftedJennyanddroppedherintoit.AgirlinfrontofJennytookherhandandsupportedher,makingsureJennygainedherbalance.Thenshejumpedf62,smilingandproud.Inthecheersofteachers,schoolmatesandparents,IsilentlythankedHeavenforthewarm,understandingpeopleinlifewhomakeitp63formydisableddaughtertobelikeherfellowhumanbeings.ThenIfinallycried.【答案】57．(l)onely58．(e)asiest59．(u)ntil60．(c)hange61．(o)pen62．(f)orward63．(