2025年上海市松江区高考英语二模试卷

第1页（共1页）2025年上海市松江区高考英语二模试卷I.GrammarandVocabularySectionA1．Directions：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.SmallBreaks，BigBenefitsTrainingforamarathonisoneroutetofitnessandbuildingveryshort"microwalks"intoyourdaymayalsobeapathtobetterhealth.Researchersfoundthatwhenpeoplebrokeupawalkintoperiodsof10to30seconds，（1）shortbreaksinbetween，theyusedupto60percentmoreenergythancoveringthesamestretchinonego.AccordingtotheprofessoroftheUniversityofMilan，DrFrancescoLuciano，（2）ledthestudy，themainmessageshouldbethatbriefmomentsofphysicalactivity，suchasgettingtoyourfeettomakeacupoftea，canmakeasurprisinglylargedifferenceto（3）caloriesyouburn."Breakingupmotionlessperiodswithbriefwalkgreatlyincreasesenergyconsumeddailyand（4）（improve）health."ThisisthedirectquotefromDrFrancescoLucianoandhiscolleaguesinProceedingsB，aninfluentialjournal（5）（publish）topresentthelatestbiologicalresearch.TheNHSrecommendsthatadultsaged19to64getatleast150minutesofmoderateor75minutesofintenseactivityweekly.However，researchhaspresentedconclusiveevidencethatevenveryshortintervalsofactivity（6）bebeneficial.Thelatestresearch，whichhundredsofparticipantstookpartin，involved（7）（measure）theamountofenergypeopleconsumedwhilewalkingonanexercisemachineorclimbingstairs.Tenvolunteerswalkedorclimbedfordifferentamountsoftime，includingshortintervalsofeither10or30seconds，orlonger（8）ofuptofourminutes.Aftereachperiodofactivity，theypausedforseveralminutes."Wefoundthatwalkingin（9）（short）periodsrequiresmoreenergy—andmoreoxygen—tocoverthesamewalkinglength，comparedtocoveringitcontinuously.It'slikeacarusingmorefuelduringthefirstfewkilometres，"hesaid.Whilebreakinglongwalksintoshortintervalsmightnotbepracticalintermsoflengthcovered，Lucianoemphasizedthat（10）possible，peopleshouldtakeafewstepstobreakupsittingtime.SectionB2．Directions：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.adaptingB.castC.dimensionD.distanceE.evidentF.pictureG.preparatoryH.referringI.solidifiedJ.soughtK.tuneAudreyFlack—APhoto﹣realistRepresentativeThephoto﹣realistmovement，emerginginthelate1960sand1970sintheUnitedStatesandEurope，desiredtoproduceworksindistinguishablefromhigh﹣resolutionphotographs.AudreyFlack，anAmericanpainterandsculptorwhosechoiceofsubjectmatteraddeda（n）（1）tothemovement，wasoneofthefirstartiststouseaprojectionofaphotographasanaidtopainting.FlackgraduatedfromYalewithaBachelorofFineArtsdegreein1952andwasinfluencedbyherteacher'sAbstractExpressioniststyle，（2）inherearlywork.ThenextyearshestudiedarthistoryatNewYorkUniversity'sInstituteofFineArts.Duringthelate1950sFlackbeganto（3）herselffromthisstyle，whichshefeltdidnotcommunicateeffectivelyorclearlywithviewers.ShelookedtoartistssuchasSpanishBaroqueartistLuisaRoldánasmodels.Onerepresentativeofherphoto﹣realistpaintingswasMacarenaofMiracles，directly（4）toRoldán'ssculptureVirgendelaMacarena，LaEsperanza.Duringthe1960s，theartistcontinuedto（5）herphotographicmethodandhersubjectmatter.Unlikemalephoto﹣realistssuchasRichardEstesandChuckClose，whochosesubjectsthatavoidedemotionalcontent，Flack（6）toconveyabroadermeaningthroughherwork.Whilegoingontocreateworkswithsociopoliticalcommentary，shestartedto（7）everydayitemssuchashandbagsandmakeup，usingthemtoquestiontheirroleinshapingfemaleidentity.Asignificantpaintingfromthisperiod，FarbFamilyPortrait（1969–70），wastheresultofanewworkingtechnique.Startingwithaslideofthefamilyportrait（肖像），Flack（8）thephotoontothecanvas（画布）anduseditasherguideforpainting.Thismethodrelievedherofhavingtomake（9）drawings.Shealsodevelopedamethodofapplyingpaintinlayerswithanairbrush.Usingthoseinnovations，Flackmasterfullycreatedanumberofsymbolicworks.Throughthesepractices，Flack（10）herroleasapioneerwhoexpandedphotorealismbeyondmerecopying，implantingitwithlayerednarrativesaboutidentityandsocietalnorms.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionA3．Directions：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Historyoftealaststhroughoutthousandsofyearsandcrossesintovariousstories.Nowadays，youcanbuyhundredsofteavarietiestoaddressmanyphysicalhealthissues，asteaissupportedby（1）science.However，inancienttimes，teawasaphilosophicalcreation，notjustadrink—wisemenexperiencedthe（2）growththroughthedrinkingoftea.Learningaboutthehistoryofteais，（3），quitefascinating.Unlikesometraditionaldrinks，teabeginswiththetaleofanemperorinChina，almost5000yearsago.Around2700BC，EmperorShenNongdiscoveredteapurely（4）.Thewell﹣knownleaderandwisemanwasboilingwaterinhisgardenwhenalooseleaffromatreeaccidentallyfellinand（5）thewater.Hewassofascinatedwiththetasteofdrinkthathelaterappliedhisscientificknowledgetotheprocessand（6）thevariousbenefitsofteainhisfurtherresearchintoplants.FromancientChina，teatraveledtoXizangandIndia.TangDynastyinChinabegantopromotethedrinkforitsmedicinalbenefits，leadingtomuchformalwritingonthesubject.These（7）coveredancientteapreparationsandpractices，andbecamesignificantcomparisonstohowweuseteainthemoderndays.Monks（僧侣）andpoets（8）teaEastandWest.Andtheninthe9thcenturyitreachedJapan.Butitwasgiventhecoldshoulderandstayed（9）untilMatcha，greenteamadeintopowder，waslaterinventedbythelocals.AndMatchabecametheinnovationthat（10）Japan'spassionforteainthe13thcentury.InMingDynasty，peoplestartedmakingteaaswedotodayandbusinessmenbegan（11）greentea，tradingitwithexplorersthroughoutEuropeandAsia.Inthe17thcentury，DutchpeopletradeditontheSilkRoad.ThisledteatoEnglandin1657，whereitquicklybecameapopulardrinknationwide，fromtheroyalcourtto（12）citizens.AstheBritishEastIndiaCompanybecamethe（13）tradingempireontheplanet—controllingaroundhalfoftheworld'stradeingoods，colonies（殖民地）underitsadministrationnaturallypickedupthehabit.Historyofteaalsoinvolvesawayofshowing（14）.TheAmericansonceexpressedtheirangerwiththeBritishEmpirebythrowingteaintotheportinBoston.Yetsometimelater，throughTeaActs，preferentialtaxpolicies，newhealthfoodtrendsandmore，tearestoreditspopularityworldwide.Howevertheworldshifts，insomeplaces，suchasChina，tea（15）thenationaldrinkofchoice.（1）A.astonishingB.groundbreakingC.environmentalD.medicinal（2）A.spiritualB.fundamentalC.financialD.biological（3）A.incontrastB.thereforeC.forinstanceD.however（4）A.onpurposeB.bychanceC.witheffortD.insecret（5）A.pollutedB.purifiedC.flavoredD.colored（6）A.buriedB.calculatedC.uncoveredD.popularized（7）A.documentsB.demonstrationsC.tendenciesD.theories（8）A.improvedB.consumedC.sweetenedD.spread（9）A.welcomeB.bitterC.controversialD.inactive（10）A.blockedB.awakenedC.promotedD.suspended（11）A.givingupB.tearingdownC.dealinginD.sortingout（12）A.globalB.seniorC.plainD.urban（13）A.stylishB.dominantC.unitedD.undignified（14）A.progressesB.drawbacksC.approvalD.opposition（15）A.remainsB.turnsC.replacesD.overtakes一.SectionB4．Directions：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.For24﹣year﹣oldZairePerryinTexas，makingahumbleChineseeggdishshehadneverheardofafewmonthsagowasthebeginningofanunexpectedfriendship.ItbeganwhenPerrycameacrossjidangeng，orsteamedeggcustard，onapopularChina﹣basedsocialplatform.ManyAmericanswhocametotheplatformareinspiredtomakeanattemptatChineserecipes.Thensteamedeggcustard，asaltydishnotcommonlyfoundinChineserestaurantsinU.S.，becameextremelypopular.Perrywasitchingtostartsteamingeggsbutwasatalosswiththemanyrecipesfloatingaround，untilsheconnectedwithHuXiaoman，a35﹣year﹣oldmotherincentralChina.Husharedherfamily'srecipeandthenapplaudedPerry'sfirstattemptasahugesuccess：silkybutfirmcustardcoveredwithathinlayerofsauce，toppedoffwithspringonions.HucalledPerry"acookinggenius."Steamedeggcustard，involvesjusteggs，waterandsalt—simpleatfirstglance，butevenChinesecookswhotryitforthefirsttimeoftenfailtogetthewater﹣eggproportionrightandeitherovercookorundercooktheeggs.ManyotherChineseusersalsoclickedtheirapprovalonPerry'spostandonthesteamed﹣eggexperimentsofotherAmericans.ForHuandPerry，steamedeggswerejustthestart.Separatedbya14﹣hourtimedifferenceandalanguagebarrier，thetwostartedsharingcookingtips.HusaidshewassurprisedtolearnfromPerry'srecipesthatalotofAmericandishesareservedwarm."MyimpressionofAmericanfoodswasthattheyaremostlycold，suchasbreadslicesorsalads.Herfoodmademefeelwarm，thewarmthoffamily."FromTexas，Perrysaid，"Foodissomethingthatcangobeyondlanguageorculturalbarriers.Idon'tevenspeakChineseandshespeaksverylittleEnglish，andyetwe'rebondingoverrecipes."Withthehelpofrecenttranslationfeatureontheplatform，HuandPerryhavegoneontoshareexperiencesandphotosoftheirdailylives，mirroringtheupgradeoffriendlyinteractionsbetweenAmericansandChinesepeople.Asmanynetizenshaverecognized，theplatform'sfocusonculturalcontentsuchaslifestyleandtravelingdoescontributetothechange.（1）Theword"itching"inparagraph2canbereplacedby"".A.eagerB.hesitantC.gratefulD.uncomfortable（2）Whatcanwelearnaboutsteamedeggcustard？A.ChineserestaurantsinU.S.helpmakeitpopular.B.Beginnersarelikelytoundercookorovercookit.C.Thesimplerecipemakesthedishlearner﹣friendly.D.Therightwater﹣eggproportionismasteredbyfew.（3）Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage？A.HuandPerrysharedcookingtipsandphotographicskills.B.HuencouragedPerrytobecomeacookinaChineserestaurant.C.PerryhelpedtoresolveHu'smisunderstandingofAmericandishes.D.Perry'spostofeggsarousedotherAmericans'interestinChinesedishes.（4）Thepassageisintendedtoconveythemessagethat.A.arecipeinneedisarecipeindeedB.steamedeggscanbeaculturalsymbolinChinaC.cuisineisanentranceintofriendshipandculturalexchangeD.socialmediashouldbewidelyusedtoovercomelanguagebarriers5．ThankyouforyourinterestinbecomingahomeownerwithHabitat.Habitatiscommittedtoprovidingqualifiedhouseholdswiththeopportunityforaffordablehomeownership.Wefollowanequalpolicyofhomebuyerselectionandareaccountabletomortgage（按揭贷款）lendinglaws.Wemanagethehomeownerselectionandapprovalprocessatthelocallevel.Qualifiedhomebuyersmustbe：Inneedofsafe，affordablehousingApplicantsmaybedealingwithsubstandardhousingthatispoorlybuilt，damaged，orinaccessibleduetodisabilities.Low﹣incomeormoderate﹣incomeHouseholdincomemustnotgoover60%oftheareaaverageincomedefinedannuallybytheU.S.DepartmentofHousingandUrbanDevelopment.AbleandwillingtopayanaffordablemortgageHabitatensuresthatthemonthlymortgagepaymentsdonotgobeyond30%ofthehomebuyer'smonthlyincome.WillingtopartnerwithHabitatOnceselected，homebuyersmustpartnerwithHabitatthroughouttheprocess.Thispartnershipincludesperforming"sweatequity"，suchasconductingconstructionworkontheirhomeoranotherfamily'shome，clearingbuildsitestomakewayfornewconstruction，writingthank﹣youcardstolocaldonorsandsoon.Thefollowingisanoverviewofthehomeownershipprocess：Step1Step2Step3Step4Step5Step6Step1：...Step2：...Step3：...Step4：...Step5：Homebuyerscompletethepaperworkforamortgage，whichendswiththeirsignature.Step6：Oncealloftheformsaresignedandalloftheconstructioniscomplete，it'stimetomoveinandcelebrate!（1）ThemainpurposeofHabitatisto.A.applyforbankloansforthoseinneedofhomeB.buildhouseswiththehelpoffuturehomeownersC.offerhousestofamilieswithlowormoderateincomeD.enableaffordablehomeownershipforspecificfamilies（2）Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage？A.Low﹣wageworkersmayhavelittlechanceofbeingselectedbyHabitat.B.HomebuyerscanpartnerwithHabitatbyperformingconstructionwork.C.ThosewhowanttoimprovelivingconditionsshouldbecomeHabitat'spartners.D.Thatmonthlymortgagepaymenttakes25%oftheareaaverageincomeisacceptable.（3）Whatisthecorrectorderofthefourmissingstepsintheprocess？①LocalHabitatstaffandvolunteerscarefullyrevieweachfamily'sapplicationpacketandpresenttheirrecommendationstothelocalboardofdirectors.②Thereareinformationsessionswherepotentialhomeownerscanlearnabouttheirhomeownershipprogram，askquestionsandmakeconnections.③Habitatstaffmakeahomevisittohearmoreaboutapotentialfuturehomeowner'sdesiretopartnerwithHabitat.④IfafamilyfeelsHabitat'shomeownershipprogramistherightfitforthem，theyapplylocallyduringanopenapplicationperiod.A.②④③①B.②①④③C.①④③②D.①②④③6．Beneathitsicysurface，theAntarcticOcean—avastandremotewilderness—housesahiddenworldofmicroscopiclife，includingcloudsofkrill（磷虾）.Thesetinycreatures，justafewincheslong，areamongthemostplentifulandimportantanimalsonEarth.RodDownie，chiefpolaradviseratWWF﹣UK，describesAntarctickrillasthe"superheroesoftheSouthernOcean."Theyserveasacriticalfoodsourceformarinewildlife，includingwhales，penguins，seals，andseabirds.Theyfeedonmicroscopicplantsinseaice，whichabsorbCO2，andareinturneatenbywhales.Whenwhalesreleasewaste，itfertilizesmarineplantsthathelpcooltheplanet.However，theunsustainablefishingofkrillcoulddisturbthiscycle.Downiesays，"Weurgentlyneedtoprotectkrillhabitatswithinanetworkofmarineprotectedareas.Thisprojectcouldgiveusanewtooltohelpmonitorandsafeguardthisvitalspecies."Butmonitoringtheseorganismspresentsagrandchallengeforscientists.Traditionalmethods，suchasship﹣basedsurveysandsampling，aretime﹣consuming，expensive，andgeographicallylimited.ScientistsareusingslightdifferencesinseawatercolourtocountAntarctickrillfromspace.DrCaitMcCarry，aresearcherfromtheUniversityofStrathclyde，recentlyreturnedfromAntarctica，wheresheconductedexperimentstomeasurethiseffect.Sheexplained，"Westartwithseawater，thenaddakrillandmeasurehowmuchlightthewaterabsorbs.Thenweaddanotherkrillandtakeanothermeasurement."Thisprocesshelpsscientistsunderstandhowkrillconcentrationaffectsoceancolour，enablingthemtotrackkrillpopulationsfromspace.Thetechnologyisn'twithoutitslimitations.Factorssuchascloudcover，seaice，andvariationsinwaterclaritycanaffecttheaccuracyofsatellitemeasurements.Furthermore，whilesatellitedataprovidesinformationabouttheoverallbiomass，itdoesn'tprovidedetailedinformationonthespeciescompositionorthehealthofindividualorganisms.Andinsuchcases，fieldstudies，withitsuniquecapacityforon﹣the﹣groundinvestigation，arereadytoassumeanessentialroleforamorecomprehensiveunderstanding.FromtheseeminglyinsignificantvariationsinseawatercolortothecomplexinterplayoflifewithintheAntarcticfoodweb，scientistscontinuetorevealthecomplicatedworkingsofthisvitalecosystem.Theirdedicationandtheinnovativetoolstheyemployofferhopeforafuturewherewecanbetterunderstandandprotectthewondersofourplanet.（1）Krillaredescribedas"superheroesoftheSouthernOcean"because.A.theyprovideanessentialmonitoringmethodB.theirvastspeciesdominatetheAntarcticOceanC.theyregulatethetemperatureofEarthinacertainwayD.theirmovementsindicateoceantemperaturesprecisely（2）Itcanbeconcludedthat.A.lightabsorptionchangeswithkrillconcentrationB.krill'swastehelpsplantsabsorbCO2moreefficientlyC.thespeciesofdeep﹣seaplantsareenrichedduetokrillD.krillaremainlythreatenedbynaturalhunterslikewhales（3）Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage？A.Oceanicresearchcentersaroundmarinelife'scomplexinteractions.B.Thoughminornow，watercolorchangespromisefuturediscoveries.C.Givenoverfishing，greateremphasisshouldbelaidonthecompositionofkrillspecies.D.Afullunderstandingofkrillrequiresintegrationofsatellitemonitoringandfieldstudies.（4）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A.Theurgencyandchallengesofstudyingkrill.B.Thedevelopmentofnewmethodstostudykrill.C.Theroleofkrillintheecosystemandeffortstomonitorthem.D.Theimpactofhumanactivitiesonkrillandwaystocounterit.一.SectionC7．Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.A.Newbornscreeningisthemostfrequentlyconductedkindofgenetictesting.B.Theapplicationofgenetictestingvariesaccordingtodefinedmedicalindications.C.However，it'simportanttonotethatthereisaslightpotentialrisktohumanhealth.D.Itreferstogeneticanalysescarriedoutpriortothebeginningofunhealthychange.E.Itguaranteesthesafetyofsurgerieswiththepredeterminedpost﹣operativecareguidelines.F.Byanalyzinggene﹣druginteractions，cliniciansachievepredictiveaccuracyinindividualizeddrugresponsepatterns.GeneticTestingGenetictestinginvolvesexaminingyourDNA，thechemicaldatabasethatcarriesinstructionsforyourbody'sfunctions.Itprovidesinformationfordiagnosing，treatingandpreventingillness.（1）.First，thereisdiagnostictesting.Ifyouhaveindicationsofadiseasethatmaybecausedbygeneticchanges，sometimescalledmutatedgenes，itcanrevealifyouhavethesuspecteddisorder.Thencomespresymptomaticandpredictivetesting.（2）.Thepurposeistoevaluateanindividual'slikelihoodofdevelopingcertaintypesofdisorder，particularlywhenafamilyhistoryoftheconditionexists.Pharmacogeneticsisthestudyofhowgeneticvariationsinfluenceindividualresponsestomedications.（3）.Andthistestingapproachisclinicallyvaluableindeterminingthemosteffectivemedicationforpatients.Testingduringpregnancy，thestateofhavingababydevelopinginsidethebody，includesarangeofmedicalproceduresperformedtoidentifygeneticabnormalitiesinthedevelopingbaby.Traditionallythisisdonebylookingatmarkersinbloodorbyinterventionaltesting.Newertestingcalledcell﹣freeDNAtestinglooksatababy'sDNAviaabloodtestdoneonthemother.（4）.Ithasbecomeastandardizedpublichealthinitiativewithinthefirstdaysoflifetoidentifybabiesatriskfortreatablegenetic，orbodychemistrydisorders.Thistypeofgenetictestingisimportantbecauseifresultsshowthere'sadisordersuchascongenitalhypothyroidism（先天性甲状腺功能减退症），careandtreatmentcanbeginrightaway.III.SummaryWriting8．Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.YouCouldHave"RecyclingMisconception"！Itmightbetimetothrowyourpreconceptionsaboutrecyclinginthegarbage.Adecades﹣longefforttoeducatepeopleaboutrecyclinghasmostlybackfired，accordingtonewresearch.Thestudy，publishedinNatureSustainability，foundthatanoveremphasisonrecyclinghasdistractedusfrombetteroptionsforpreventingwaste.Inopen﹣endedsurveys，Americansnamedrecyclingasthemosteffectivethingtheycoulddotoreducegarbageinlandfills，overlookingmoresuccessfulstrategies—suchasgeneratinglesswasteinthefirstplace.Thestudyrevealedwidespreadconfusionabouttheeffectivenessofrecycling.WhenaskedtoranktheThreeRs—"reduce，reuse，recycle"（alreadyinthecorrectorder）—inorderofeffectiveness，nearlyhalfgottheanswerwrong.MichaelaBarnett，astudyauthor，firstowesthis"recyclingmisconception"todecadesofcampaignsinitiatedbycorporations，whichhasshiftedblameforwastepollutiontoindividualsratherthancompaniesproducingdisposableproducts，thosemadetobethrownawayafteruse.Barnett'sstudyalsoshowedmanypeopleplacedplasticbagsandcoffeecupsintorecyclingbins，whilenotallofthemcanberecycled.It'snotreallytheirfault：Recyclingrulesareconfusing.Forinstance，the"chasingarrows"symbolonplasticshasmisledconsumersintobelievingmanyitemsarerecyclablewhentheyarenot.Lessthan10%ofglobalplasticisrecycled，despitesurveyrespondentsestimatingitat25%.Recycling，oftenoverestimatedasacure﹣allinwastemanagement，masksdeepersystemicproblems.Trueprogressdemandsintentionalreductionofconsumption：choosingreusableclothbagsoversingle﹣useplastics；repairingoldclothesinsteadofbuyingfastfashion.Andtrueaccountabilitymustshifttocorporationslegallyrequiredtoadoptsustainablemanufacturingandeco﹣consciousdesign—ensuringtheyareresponsibleforusingtechnology﹣based，large﹣scalesolutionstoreachclearcarbon﹣reductiongoals.__________IV.TranslationDirections：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish，usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.9．夕阳染红了半边天空，真是赏心悦目。（engage）10．豆腐营养丰富且容易消化，老少咸宜。（perfect）11．池塘边石柱上的精美雕刻体现了人与自然和谐共生的理念。（belief）12．邻居阿婆原本觉得美图软件这类新潮玩意儿用起来会很麻烦，但跟着侄女没学几次就能自如地给照片改色调了。（as）V.GuidedWriting13．Directions：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120—150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.你是新华中学学生，你校英文报正进行主题为MyFavoriteCartoonCharacter的征文活动。请撰写征文，在征文中：（1）表明你最喜欢的卡通角色（可参考下图或另选其他）；（2）简述该角色最打动你的瞬间；（3）谈谈该角色对你的影响。NeZhaMulanTheLittlePrinceDoraemon…

2025年上海市松江区高考英语二模试卷参考答案与试题解析I.GrammarandVocabularySectionA1．Directions：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.SmallBreaks，BigBenefitsTrainingforamarathonisoneroutetofitnessandbuildingveryshort"microwalks"intoyourdaymayalsobeapathtobetterhealth.Researchersfoundthatwhenpeoplebrokeupawalkintoperiodsof10to30seconds，（1）withshortbreaksinbetween，theyusedupto60percentmoreenergythancoveringthesamestretchinonego.AccordingtotheprofessoroftheUniversityofMilan，DrFrancescoLuciano，（2）wholedthestudy，themainmessageshouldbethatbriefmomentsofphysicalactivity，suchasgettingtoyourfeettomakeacupoftea，canmakeasurprisinglylargedifferenceto（3）howmanycaloriesyouburn."Breakingupmotionlessperiodswithbriefwalkgreatlyincreasesenergyconsumeddailyand（4）improves（improve）health."ThisisthedirectquotefromDrFrancescoLucianoandhiscolleaguesinProceedingsB，aninfluentialjournal（5）published（publish）topresentthelatestbiologicalresearch.TheNHSrecommendsthatadultsaged19to64getatleast150minutesofmoderateor75minutesofintenseactivityweekly.However，researchhaspresentedconclusiveevidencethatevenveryshortintervalsofactivity（6）can/willbebeneficial.Thelatestresearch，whichhundredsofparticipantstookpartin，involved（7）measuring（measure）theamountofenergypeopleconsumedwhilewalkingonanexercisemachineorclimbingstairs.Tenvolunteerswalkedorclimbedfordifferentamountsoftime，includingshortintervalsofeither10or30seconds，orlonger（8）onesofuptofourminutes.Aftereachperiodofactivity，theypausedforseveralminutes."Wefoundthatwalkingin（9）shorter（short）periodsrequiresmoreenergy—andmoreoxygen—tocoverthesamewalkinglength，comparedtocoveringitcontinuously.It'slikeacarusingmorefuelduringthefirstfewkilometres，"hesaid.Whilebreakinglongwalksintoshortintervalsmightnotbepracticalintermsoflengthcovered，Lucianoemphasizedthat（10）whenever/when/ifpossible，peopleshouldtakeafewstepstobreakupsittingtime.【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：研究人员发现，当人们将一次散步分成10到30秒的时间段，中间有短暂的休息时，他们消耗的能量比一次走完同样的路程要多60%。分析句子结构可知，此处需使用介词"with"表示"有"。故填with。（2）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这项研究的负责人、米兰大学教授弗朗西斯科•卢西亚诺博士表示，主要的信息应该是，短暂的体育活动，比如站起来泡杯茶，会对你燃烧的卡路里数量产生惊人的巨大影响。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词DrFrancescoLuciano指人，且从句中缺少主语，因此使用关系代词who在从句中作主语。故填who。（3）考查表语从句。句意：这项研究的负责人、米兰大学教授弗朗西斯科•卢西亚诺博士表示，主要的信息应该是，短暂的体育活动，比如站起来泡杯茶，会对你燃烧的卡路里产生惊人的巨大影响。分析句子结构可知，该句为宾语从句，作介词"to"的宾语，"howmany"表示"多少"，用于修饰可数名词复数"calories"，它引导的宾语从句"howmanycaloriesyouburn"表示"你燃烧的卡路里数量"，整个从句作介词"to"的宾语。故填howmany。（4）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这项研究的负责人、米兰大学教授弗朗西斯科•卢西亚诺博士表示，主要的信息应该是，短暂的体育活动，比如站起来泡杯茶，会对你燃烧的卡路里数量产生惊人的巨大