备战2025年高考英语二轮复习专题4：语篇填空 第1讲 提示词为动词

第1讲提示词为动词WPS,aclicktounlimitedpossibilities汇报人：目录索引01语法热点一谓语动词02语法热点二非谓语动词03语法热点三动词的词性转换专题概览考情表解年份卷别体裁主题考点设置有提示词类无提示词类主题语境主题语境内容动词(谓语和非谓语)词性转换名词的单复数形容词/副词的比较/最高等级代词三大从句和并列连词冠词介词代词/数词2024新课标Ⅰ卷说明文人与社会英国“丝绸之路”花园的整体设计以及玻璃温室241001110新课标Ⅱ卷新闻报道人与社会当“莎士比亚”遇上“汤显祖”511002010全国甲卷说明文人与社会美国国家公园系统的起源和黄石国家公园的建立311111020年份卷别体裁主题考点设置有提示词类无提示词类主题语境主题语境内容动词(谓语和非谓语)词性转换名词的单复数形容词/副词的比较/最高等级代词三大从句和并列连词冠词介词代词/数词2023新课标Ⅰ卷说明文人与社会小笼包420001111新课标Ⅱ卷记叙文人与社会教熊猫饲养员学英语141002110全国乙卷说明文人与自然北京的古老建筑和现代化发展511002010全国甲卷说明文人与社会寓言420002011年份卷别体裁主题考点设置有提示词类无提示词类主题语境主题语境内容动词(谓语和非谓语)词性转换名词的单复数形容词/副词的比较/最高等级代词三大从句和并列连词冠词介词代词/数词2022新高考Ⅰ卷说明文人与自然筹建大熊猫国家公园411002110新高考Ⅱ卷记叙文人与社会救援421002100全国乙卷说明文人与社会庆祝首个国际茶日410111110全国甲卷记叙文人与自然古丝绸之路之行4201011103年统计4120732177112命题趋势1.选材特点:体裁以说明文和记叙文为主,200词左右。选材多体现“中国元素”。2.考查形式:设10个空,7个题是有提示词类(填括号内单词的正确形式),3个题是无提示词类(空白处填入1个适当的单词)。3.考查项目:有提示词类填空的考查点有谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词、代词等。无提示词类的考查点主要是介词、冠词与连词等。板块一有提示词类动词是历年高考的必考点。动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语形式的变化(如时态、语态、主谓一致及虚拟语气)、非谓语形式的变化(如动词不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词)和词形转换。语法热点一谓语动词01谓语动词指的是在句子中可以单独作谓语的动词,主要包括实义动词和动词短语。一个简单句有且只能有一个谓语动词。若是由多个简单句组成的并列句或复合句,则有几个简单句就应有几个谓语动词。谓语动词的形式变化主要包括时态、语态和主谓一致。技法点拨

第一步确定谓语动词分析句子结构来判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句。若是简单句,主语后面的就是谓语动词;若是并列句,前后两个句子都要有自己的谓语动词;若是复合句,主句和从句都要有自己的谓语动词。第二步确定谓语动词的形式1.根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态;2.根据主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系确定语态;3.根据主语的单复数确定谓语动词的数,做到主谓一致。

技法1如何判定是否作谓语动词典型例题(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,60.inspired(inspire)byThe

Peony

Pavilion,61.

(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.

was

built▶解题流程第一步确定是否填谓语动词该句为简单句,asix-meter-tallpavilion为主语,故该空应该为主句的谓语动词。第二步考虑时态、语态和主谓一致1.根据Twoyearslater可知本句时态为一般过去时;2.build与主语asix-meter-tallpavilion之间是动宾关系,用被动语态;3.主语为“asix-meter-tallpavilion”,单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。技法点拨

1.识别时间状语(1)一般现在时常有always,often,sometimes,usually,occasionally,everytime,nowandthen等;(2)一般过去时常有yesterday,lastyear,in2021,theotherday,twodaysago,“一段时间+later”等;(3)一般将来时常有tomorrow,nextyear,inaweek,inthefuture,soon等;(4)现在进行时常有now,atthismoment,atpresent,always,constantly等;(5)现在完成时常有recently,lately,already,inthelast/pastfewdays,sofar,uptonow,tillnow,“for+时间段”等;(6)过去完成时常有bythen,bytheendof...,bythattime等。

技法2如何判定谓语动词的时态典型例题1.(2024浙江1月卷)Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets

(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).

2.(2024河北部分示范性高中三模)HeandtheotherworkersletpeoplevotefortheirfavouritefatbearonMeta.Theone-dayevent

(attract)just1,700votesin2014.have

startedattracted3.(2024河北适应性考试)TheTaizhououtletofDayinBookmall,afamousbookstorechainfromShanghai,

(open)lastyearonthestreetinatraditionalChinese-stylebuildingwithcutting-edgedesigns.4.(2022全国甲卷)Inthelastfiveyears,Cao

(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’shighestmountain.openedhas

walked技法点拨2.依据固定句式(1)Sbwas/weredoingsthwhensbdid...;(2)Sbhad(just)donesthwhensbdid...;(3)This/That/Itisthe+序数词+time+that+现在完成时;(4)This/That/Itwasthe+序数词+time+that+过去完成时;(5)祈使句+and/or+陈述句,陈述句用一般将来时;(6)It’s(high)timethatsbdid/shoulddosth;(7)Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since+一般过去时。典型例题5.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷)Henry

(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.6.(2021浙江6月卷)Itdoesn’timpresslikeGeorgeWashington’splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,

(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.7.Itishightimethatwe

(devote)ourselvestoenvironmentalprotectionandecologicalimprovement.

8.Susanhadquitherwell-paidjoband

(work)asavolunteerintheneighbourhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.was

fixinghas

proved/has

provendevoted/should

devotewas

working技法点拨3.利用并列关系(1)并列连词and,but,or,ratherthan,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...等;(2)同一个主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语,谓语动词时态要一致。典型例题9.(2020全国Ⅲ卷)Whenheaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist,theysmiledand

(point)downtheriver.pointed技法点拨4.理解语境暗示在时间状语和其他参照物都不明显的情况下,可以通过正确理解语境,即通过题干中的“语境暗示”解题。典型例题10.(2024全国甲卷)They

(be)partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.were解析1.考查动词的时态。根据Overthelasttwoyears可知,此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填havestarted。2.考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作谓语;根据时间状语in2014可知,谓语动词应用过去式。故填attracted。3.根据时间状语lastyear可知,此处为一般过去时。故填opened。4.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据空前的时间状语Inthelastfiveyears可知,此处要用现在完成时;主语Cao为第三人称单数,谓语动词应用单数形式。5.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。固定句式bedoing...when...意为“正在做……这时突然……”。根据下文的whenheheardthescreams可知,设空处用过去进行时;主语为Henry,谓语应用第三人称单数。故填wasfixing。6.考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语,时间状语从句sinceitopenedtothepublic暗示这里应用现在完成时。故填hasproved/hasproven。7.在Itis(high)timethat...句型中,从句谓语动词应用did/shoulddo。故填devoted/shoulddevote。8.考查动词的时态。根据空后的when引导的时间状语从句可知,此处应用过去进行时。9.考查动词的时态。and连接两个并列谓语动词,前后时态应一致。10.考查动词的时态。根据本句后面hadspent得知,这里描述的是过去的情况,主语是They,谓语动词用复数形式,因此填were。技法点拨1.分析主语和谓语的逻辑关系分析句子结构,发现提示词作谓语,若与主语之间是主动关系,应考虑用主动语态;若是被动关系,则考虑用被动语态。

典型例题1.(2024全国甲卷)Whatshould___________(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?be

done技法3如何确定谓语动词的语态技法点拨

2.牢记几种被动语态结构:(1)不同时态的被动语态的结构一般现在时:am/is/aredone一般过去时:was/weredone一般将来时:will/shallbedone过去将来时:wouldbedone现在进行时:am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时:was/werebeingdone现在完成时:have/hasbeendone过去完成时:hadbeendone(2)带有情态动词的被动语态的基本形式:情态动词+bedone。运用以上技法来判断是什么时态的被动语态,再根据主谓一致判断be动词的形式。典型例题2.(2024浙江1月卷)However,thoughit’snicetogetafewcentsoffapackofsausages,itwouldhelpevenmoreiftheycouldsometimes_____________(offer)insmallerpacks.3.(2023浙江1月卷)IntheMingDynasty,thecenterwastheForbiddenCity,surroundedinconcentric(同心的)circlesbytheInnerCityandOuterCity.Citizensofhighersocialclasses_______________(permit)toliveclosertothecenterofthecircles.

4.(2023全国甲卷)However,Carson’sthemeisamoreweightywarningaboutenvironmentaldestruction.Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill_____________(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.be

offeredwere

permittedbe

employed技法点拨

3.理解主动形式表示被动含义当sell、read、draw、wash、write、open、wear、run、burn等动词后有状语(well、easily等)修饰,用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时,用主动形式表示被动含义。

典型例题5.Thepinkdressshewantstobuyherdaughterasherbirthdaypresentonline_____________(wash)easily.6.—Doyouliketheflower?—Yes,it_____________(smell)verysweet.washessmells解析1.考查动词的语态。本句主语what和动词do之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态bedone。2.考查动词的语态。动词offer意为“提供”,和主语构成被动关系,主语they指代前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填beoffered。3.考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据上文的IntheMingDynasty可知,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时;再根据句意“较高社会阶层的人被允许居住在离同心圆的中心即紫禁城更近的地方”可知,这里应用被动语态。故填werepermitted。4.考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知,设空处是谓语。主语asimpleliteraryform和动词employ之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填beemployed。5.考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语,且表示的是主语所具有的特征,应考虑用主动形式表示被动意义。故填washes。6.考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。由问句“Doyouliketheflower?”可知,用一般现在时,smell在此强调主语的前后“闻起来很甜”,故用主动形式表被动意义,主语为it,故用smells。解题“三原则” 原则1:语法一致(1)由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念,兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体)时,谓语动词用单数形式;(2)非谓语动词、从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;(3)集体名词看作整体时,谓语动词用单数形式;看作个体时,谓语动词用复数形式。

技法4确定主谓一致三原则典型例题1.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse_________(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.2.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout_________(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.walkswere解题“三原则” 原则2:就近一致(1)由neither...nor...、either...or...、notonly...butalso...、not...but...等连接并列主语时,谓语动词的数要和位置最近的主语保持一致;(2)由there、here存现句中,主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常和邻近的主语保持一致。

典型例题3.(2024广东省联考)Onthatday,there_________(be)lotsofconventionalcelebrationactivities.4.AtpresentneithermywifenorImyself_________(be)abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind.aream解题“三原则” 原则3:就远一致主语后跟有with、togetherwith、aswellas、like、but、except、alongwith、ratherthan、including、inadditionto等引导的短语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。

典型例题5.(2024河南信阳二检)Fourclassicalplays,includingThe

Peony

Pavilion,____________________(update)andrestoredinthepastfewyears.6.Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers_________________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.have

been

updatedhas

given解析1.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。填空处在句中作谓语。根据后面的句子中的谓语可知,此处用一般现在时。句子主语是theSilkRouteGarden,是单数形式,所以谓语用第三人称单数。故填walks。2.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空处作句子谓语,主语为“Someofthethings”,是复数概念,且根据上下文语境可知,空处应用一般过去时。故填were。3.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。therebe句型中谓语动词的单复数一般采用“就近一致”原则,即与后面的名词保持人称和数的一致,后面的中心词是activities,应用复数形式,描述一般事实用一般现在时。故填are。4.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语Atpresent可知,应用一般现在时;neither...nor...连接并列主语时,谓语动词的数由nor后面的主语(I)来决定,故填am。5.考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语inthepastfewyears可知,应用现在完成时;分析句子结构可知,句子主语Fourclassicalplays为复数名词,且和update之间为被动关系。故填havebeenupdated。6.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据inthelastthreemonths可知,应用现在完成时;AalongwithB作主语时,谓语动词的数由A决定。故填hasgiven。语法热点二非谓语动词02非谓语动词指的是在句子中不能单独作谓语的动词,它没有人称和数的变化,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(含现在分词与过去分词)。非谓语动词具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。技法点拨

典型例题第一步:确定是否为非谓语若句中已有谓语动词,又不是作并列谓语时,则要考虑填非谓语动词。第二步:确定填何种非谓语形式(1)提示词与逻辑主语是主谓关系时常用动词-ing形式;(2)提示词与逻辑主语是动宾关系时常用动词-ed形式;(3)提示词在句中作目的状语和意料之外的结果时常用动词不定式。

技法1如何确定是否作非谓语动词典型例题(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)Thesesepalsopenonwarmdays

(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.

▶解题流程第一步:提示词是动词,句中已有谓语动词open,所以此处应考虑填非谓语动词。第二步:此处表示目的,用动词不定式。to

give技法点拨

线索词具体用法介词介词后常接动名词作宾语,即“介词+doing”并列连词并列连词and,but,or等前后的非谓语动词应保持一致技法2线索暗示法典型例题1.(2021全国甲卷)After

(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhatbetterthantorideonapieceofhistory!2.(2020新高考Ⅱ卷)Thesedays,itisnotunusualfor10-to12-year-oldstopublishtheirownwebsitesorforsecondandthirdgraders

(begin)computerclasses.解析1.考查非谓语动词。注意题干中的After,其后接动词作宾语。故填spending。2.结合句中的线索词“or”可知,动词形式与or前面的topublish是并列关系,应用动词不定式。故填tobegin。spendingto

begin技法点拨

项目常见动词或结构接动名词作宾语enjoy,avoid,admit,mind,practise,keep,imagine,involve,suggest,consider等接不定式作宾语tend,want,agree,plan,afford,desire,happen,hope,ask,manage,determine,aim等接动名词或不定式作宾语(意义不同)stop,remember,regret,need,try,mean等技法3固定搭配法项目常见动词或结构接现在分词作宾语补足语imagine,see,hear,watch,keep等接不定式作宾语补足语ask,inspire,expect,force,dream,allow,urge等其他常用搭配spendtime(in)doingsthhavedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsthtake...todosthitis+adj.+todosthbetodosth典型例题1.(2024全国甲卷)Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tend_________(catch)ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.2.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternationalvisibility,saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazed_________(find)theconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.

3.(2024九省联考)Heknowsthatcomputersarehere_________(stay)andthattheywillnotdisappear.to

catchto

findto

stay4.(2023全国乙卷)Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears___________(record)everythingIdiscovered.5.(2022浙江1月卷)ThatapproachbroughtCobb’sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplans_____________(continue)thepractice.6.(2021全国乙卷)Activitiesthererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)andaccommodationsaim_________(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.

7.(2024山东师范大学附中考前打靶)Forteenagers,somehavelearnedhowtouseasewingmachineandmadeacoupleofprojects;someareworkingonasocialstudiesprojectwhichinvolves_____________(construct)afamilytreeincludingresearchingrelativesaliveinthe1800s.recordingto

continueto

haveconstructing解析1.考查非谓语动词。tendtodosth容易做某事。故填tocatch。2.考查非谓语动词。beamazedtodosth为固定搭配,意为“对做某事感到惊讶”。故填tofind。3.根据空前的be动词are可知,空格处应填不定式作表语,betodo为固定搭配,表示“必定会”,是对未来的一种推测。故填tostay。4.考查非谓语动词。此处为spendsometime(in)doingsth结构,故填recording。5.考查非谓语动词。plantodosth意为“计划做某事”,为固定搭配。6.考查非谓语动词。aimtodosth旨在做某事,故填tohave。7.考查非谓语动词。这里表示有些人正在从事社会研究项目,其中包括构建一个家谱,研究活在19世纪的亲属。involvedoingsth意为“包括做某事”。技法点拨

1.非谓语动词的“句法功能”项目句法功能动名词主语、宾语、表语、定语现在分词定语、表语、状语、补语过去分词定语、表语、状语、补语动词不定式主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语技法4成分分析法功能项目意义和用法主/宾/表语动名词抽象性、经常性动作;已知的事或经验不定式具体性、一次性动作;未完的事或目的表语现在分词多表示主语的特征过去分词主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作定语动名词被修饰词的作用或用途现在分词正在发生、主动的动作过去分词被动、完成的动作动词不定式一般式表示未发生的或经常性的动作;完成式表示已发生的动作2.非谓语动词的“意义区别”功能项目意义和用法状语现在分词与主语是主谓关系,一般式表示与谓语动作同时发生;完成式表示先于谓语动作发生过去分词与主语是动宾关系,先于谓语动作发生动词不定式主动式表示与主语是主谓关系;被动式表示与主语是动宾关系。一般式表示在谓语动作后发生;完成式表示在谓语动作前发生功能项目意义和用法补语现在分词主动、进行的动作过去分词被动、完成的动作动词不定式未来的或全过程的动作典型例题1.(2024新课标Ⅰ卷)Thesesepalsopenonwarmdays___________(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.2.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)___________(recall)watchingaChineseoperaversionofShakespeare’splayRichard

ⅢinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperformpartsofThe

Peony

Pavilion,Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguageandseehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.”3.(2024浙江1月卷)However,ifyou’reshoppingforone,buyingextra___________(benefit)frompricereductionsdoesn’tmakesense.to

giveRecallingto

benefit4.(2024浙江1月卷)Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarketshavestartedsellingchickenorsaladinpacks___________(design)withtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).5.(2023全国甲卷)Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage___________(intend)foreveryone.6.(2023全国甲卷)Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)___________(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothesixthcenturyB.C.7.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteamerbasketisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,andsoIamalwaysleft___________(want)morenexttime.designedintendedto

teachwanting8.(2022全国甲卷)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep___________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.9.(2024宁波“十校”联考)Anoldwoodenstove,___________(bear)richvividimages,tookcenterstageatavillageSpringFestivalgalainJiaxing,ZhejiangProvince,inearlyFebruary.10.(2024山东潍坊四县模拟)Inadditiontoappreciatingthewisdom___________(hide)inthosehistoricalvolumes,shefocusesonhowtheywerebound(装订)andpresented.to

journeybearinghidden11.(2024辽宁重点高中二模)Everyday,hewalksbackandforththeentire5.7-kilometerstretch,fromJinshanlinginthenorthtoGubeikouinthewest___________(ensure)noonewandersoffthespecialpathandintotheundevelopedsectionsofSimatai.12.(2024浙江温州模拟)“That’strue.The‘Chinglish’expression‘addoil’hasmadeitintotheworld’smostauthoritativeOxford

English

Dictionary(OED),”ProfessorTsengsaidonhisonlinepersonalblog,___________(provide)ascreenshotoftheOED’sexplanationofthephrase.to

ensureproviding13.(2023河北高三年级适应性考试)___________(locate)downtown,the1-kilometer-longJiazhiancientstreetislinedupwithmorethan30oldbuildings.14.InancientChina,thecurrencyconsistedmainlyofpreciousmetals,suchasgold,silverandcopper,so___________(carry)alargequantityofcashwasnotonlyaheavyburdenbutcouldalsoputtheownerindangerasrobberiesquiteoftenhappenedalongtheway.Locatedcarrying解析1.考查非谓语动词。本句中已出现了谓语动词open,因此应用give的非谓语动词形式。由句意可知,此处应填不定式作目的状语,故填togive。2.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作状语,Edmondson和recall之间为主动关系,应用其现在分词形式作状语。故填Recalling。3.考查非谓语动词。根据“buyingextra”和“frompricereductions”可知,此处是指多买来享受降价,所以应用todo不定式作目的状语。故填tobenefit。4.考查非谓语动词。动词design意为“设计”,和谓语之间没有连词,和逻辑主语构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。5.考查非谓语动词。beintendedfor是固定表达,意为“为……设计/安排等”。这里用过去分词作后置定语也可以看作一个形容词。6.考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语,故填toteach。7.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为leavesbdoingsth结构,表示“使某人做某事”。8.考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知,这里journey用作动词,应用动词不定式作后置定语。9.考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知,这里bear表示“带有”,用动词-ing形式作后置定语。10.考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知,这里表示“被隐藏的智慧”,因此用过去分词作后置定语。11.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词形式;再结合句意可知,此处表目的,应用动词不定式。12.考查非谓语动词。这里逗号前面是句子的主体,后面的部分表示一种伴随情况或补充说明,由于provide和其逻辑主语ProfessorTseng之间是主动关系,因此用动词-ing形式作状语。13.考查非谓语动词。belocatedin/on...是固定表达,这里用过去分词置于句首作状语。14.考查非谓语动词。携带大量的现金是经常性行为,故用动名词作主语。语法热点三动词的词性转换03如果所给动词既不作谓语,也不作非谓语,则一般应进行词性转换。技巧点拨

1.动词转换为名词(1)v.+-ion/-tion/-ation/-sion转换为名词,表示“状态或行为”celebrate→celebration庆祝compete→competition比赛pollute→pollution污染educate→education教育possess→possession拥有

(2)v.+-ment转换为名词,表示“行为或结果”develop→development发展announce→announcement宣布argue→argument争论;论据encourage→encouragement鼓励(3)v.+-r/-er/-or转换为名词,表示“人”perform→performer表演者settle→settler移民educate→educator教育家direct→director导演visit→visitor访问者(4)v.+-ure转换为名词fail→failure

mix→mixturepress→pressure

depart→departure(5)后缀-th结尾的名词grow→growth

die→death

deep→depthwide→width

warm→warmth

true→truth(6)后缀-ance/-ence结尾的名词exist→existence

guide→guidance(7)后缀-al结尾的名词arrive→arrival

approve→approval

survive→survival 典型例题1.(2024全国甲卷)Theyallagreedandvowed(承诺)topromotetheideaatthe____________(complete)oftheirjourney.2.(2024浙江1月卷)Manysupermarketsarenolongerdoing“buyonegetonefree”promotionsbecauseofthe____________(criticize)thattheyleadtowaste.3.(2024九省联考)Heishappywiththe_____________(improve)heseesinhisstudents’writingandinhisownwriting.

4.(2023全国甲卷)However,Carson’sthemeisamoreweighty____________(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.

completioncriticismimprovementwarning5.(2024江苏无锡模拟)TheMogaoGrottoesinnorthwestChinaarethegreatestBuddhistcaves,andthesecondoldestaftertheQiuciGrottoesinXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegionstillin____________(exist)inthecountrytoday.6.(2024湖北武汉模拟)In2019,theChinesegovernmenthadmadea____________(commit)toliftallofits1.4billionpeopleoutofpovertyby2020.existencecommitment7.(2024湖南名校联盟压轴卷)“Wehavetriedtomakesomethingthatrestoresthevillagers’prideintheirlocalidentity,aswellascreatingalocaleconomicnetwork,”saysXuTiantian,____________(found)ofDNA.8.(2024湖北黄冈中学二模)“TheTerracottaWarriorsusedaveryspecialmechanismtoconnectpiecestogether.Such____________(wise)wasuniquetoChina,”LuQiuxia,anexpertonancientChineseart,toldtheGlobal

TimesonWednesday.founderwisdom技巧点拨

2.动词转换为形容词(1)v.+-able转换为形容词accept→acceptable可接受的adapt→adaptable能适应的adjust→adjustable可调节的afford→affordable负担得起的(2)v.+-ed/-ing转换为形容词confuse→confused感到困惑的excite→exciting令人激动的(3)v.+-ive转换为形容词impress→impressive给人深刻印象的instruct→instructive有教育意义的(4)v.+-ful/-less转换为形容词doubt→doubtful怀疑的forget→forgetful健忘的hope→hopeless不抱希望的

典型例题9.(2023新课标Ⅰ卷)Xiao

long

bao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,___________(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.

10.(2024陕西宝鸡模考十二)YangZhenning,a__________________(respect)NobelPrize-winningphysicist,becamethefirstChinese-AmericanscientisttoreturntoChinaaftertheUSjustliftedthebanonvisitingtoChinain1971.11.(2024台州市质量评估二)Withahistoryofmorethan2,000years,theSilkRoutedatesbacktotheHanDynasty.Throughthisroute,theChinesehighly____________(qualify)silkmadeitsfametothewesterncountries.tastyrespected/respectablequalified解析1.考查词性转换。句意:在他们的旅程结束时,他们都同意并发誓要宣传这个想法。atthecompletionof...是一个固定搭配,表示“在……结束时”。2.考查词性转换。句意:许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动,因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据“thattheyleadtowaste”可知,此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。3.考查词性转换。句意:他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。根据空格前的冠词the可知,空格处应填名词作介词with的宾语,表示“改善”是improvement,为不可数名词。故填improvement。4.考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,设空前有冠词和形容词修饰,设空处应用名词warning。5.考查词性转换。本空前面是介词in,因此这里应用名词作其宾语。6.考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,设空处为名词形式,不定冠词a表明用单数,故填commitment。7.考查词性转换。此处表示DNA的“创立者”,应用名词founder。8.考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用名词作主语,故填wisdom。9.考查词性转换。设空处与前面的形容词hot并列,修饰后面的名词soup,故填形容词tasty。10.考查词性转换。根据语境可知,设空处作定语修饰名词词组NobelPrize-winningphysicist,应用形容词作定语。故填respected/respectable。11.考查词性转换。此处应用形容词作定语,修饰名词silk,highlyqualified意为“高质量的”,故填qualified。课堂应用Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Evanisawildlifephotographer.Once,twotigers

(run)pasthim,stoppedameterawayfromhistruckandbegantofight.

2.TheBigTidyUpwasstartedin2008andvolunteersintheUK___________(collect)morethan50,000bagsoflitterinstreetsandparksuptonow.

3.

(prevent)cropsfromdryingout,alargeamountofwaterhasbeendrawndownfromthereservoir.

4.Parentsthesedaysseemtoprotecttheirchildrenmorethaneverbefore.Andyetthetruthisthatchildrenmust

(give)theopportunitytotakerisksinordertoaidtheir

(develop).

ranhavecollectedTopreventbegivendevelopment5.Asmuchasartisticappreciation,physicalfitnessandrecreation,calligraphy

(become)apartoflifeamongmanyChinesepeople.Therefore,anothergoldenageofChinesecalligraphyiscoming.

6.

(understand)yourownneedsandstylesofcommunicationisasimportantaslearningtoconveyyouraffectionandemotions.

7.Doupasoftengets

(lose)inthecity’ssplendidancientarchitecture.Meanwhile,heisalsoamazedbythemoderncity

(combine)high-endbusinessesandvariousindustries.

isbecomingUnderstandinglostcombining8.Manyhiringmanagerswillformtheirfirstimpressionofyou

(base)onwhatyou’rewearing.Therightinterviewclothing

(depend)onthecompanyyouareapplyingforandthecultureofthe

(organize).9.Hisskillswerenotasstrongashe

(imagine),andhehadlittleawarenessofteamwork.

10.Demonstratingcreativity,suchasthewaytodoaprecisebicyclekickinthewater,hebecameanonlinecelebrity,withsomefanseven

(say)thathewas“betterthanprofessionalplayers”.

baseddependsorganizationhadimaginedsayingⅡ.语篇填空A(2024安徽滁州二模)Languageisnaturallyacquiredwhenchildrenareabletouseitpleasurably,andlanguageacquisitionbychildren1.

(them)savesbothtimeandlabor,saidEnglish-languageeducationexpertChenYaping.

Based2.

observationandstudy,theprofessorattheSchoolofEnglishandInternationalStudiesatBeijingForeignStudiesUniversityanddirectorofitsChildLanguageResearchCentre,saidChinesechildren3.

(common)lackaccesstogenuineEnglishdialoguesforlearningandusing4.

language.

themselvesoncommonlytheChen5.

(suggest)thatchildrenmakeuseofdialoguesthatmeetactualdailyneedsandread6.

(grade)materialsorpicturebooksthatmatchtheircognitive(认知)levelandinterestandwhichareofpracticaluse.

ShesaidthatreadingisashortcuttolearningEnglishinaforeignlanguageenvironment,asqualityreadingmaterialsintroducechildrentogenuinedialoguetheycanreproduceinreal-life7.

(conversation).suggestedgradedconversations“Childrenreadbecausetheylovetoread,notbecausetheyaretoldthatreadingisimportantforlearningEnglish.Weshouldallowthem8.

(give)upreadingabookhalfwaythroughandpickupanotherone9.

theyaremoreinterestedin,”saidChen.

Sheaddedthatrelievinganxiety,makingchildrenfeelsafe,andallowingthemtoexperienceasenseof10.

(achieve)arevitaltolearningEnglish.

togivethatachievement答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语教育专家陈亚平提出的儿童英语学习方法,强调了让孩子们享受学习英语的过程,并提出了利用符合实际需要和实用性的对话和阅读材料来促进英语学习的方法。同时,她还强调了缓解焦虑、让孩子们感到安全和成就感对