2025年护士执业资格考试题库（儿科护理学专项）儿科护理专业英语试题卷

2025年护士执业资格考试题库（儿科护理学专项）儿科护理专业英语试题卷考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、单项选择题（每题1分，共10分）1.A2-year-oldchildpresentswithfever,cough,anddifficultybreathing.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelydiagnosis?A.PneumoniaB.AsthmaC.BronchiolitisD.Croup2.Theparentofa6-month-oldbabyisconcernedaboutthebaby'ssleeppatterns.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutsleepininfantsistrue?A.Infantsshouldbekeptawakeforlongperiodsduringthedaytohelpthemsleepbetteratnight.B.Infantsshouldbeencouragedtosleepinthesamebedastheirparentstopromotebonding.C.Infantsshouldhaveaconsistentbedtimeroutinetoestablishhealthysleephabits.D.InfantsshouldsleepontheirstomachstoreducetheriskofSuddenInfantDeathSyndrome(SIDS).3.A3-year-oldchildisbroughttotheemergencydepartmentwithafeverandred,wateryeyes.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelydiagnosis?A.ConjunctivitisB.AllergicrhinitisC.InfluenzaD.Strepthroat4.Thenurseiscaringfora5-year-oldchildwithadiagnosisofacutelymphoblasticleukemia.Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionsismostimportanttopreventinfection?A.Encouragethechildtodrinkplentyoffluids.B.Provideabalanceddietrichinvitaminsandminerals.C.Maintainstricthandhygieneandisolationprotocols.D.Administerantipyreticsasneededforfever.5.A6-year-oldchildwithahistoryofrecurrentearinfectionsisbroughttotheclinicforafollow-upvisit.Whichofthefollowingrecommendationsshouldthenurseprovidetotheparent?A.Avoidusingcottonswabsinthechild'sears.B.Keepthechild'sheadelevatedwhilesleeping.C.Administerantibioticsasprescribedbythephysician.D.Performregularearirrigationathome.6.Theparentofan8-month-oldbabyisconcernedaboutthebaby'sweightgain.Whichofthefollowingfeedingstrategiesshouldthenurserecommend?A.Increasetheamountofformulaorbreastmilk.B.Introducesolidfoodsearlytoprovideadditionalnutrients.C.Continuetofollowthebaby'scuesforfeeding.D.Encouragethebabytodrinkmorewaterduringtheday.7.A9-year-oldchildisdiagnosedwithattention-deficit/hyperactivitydisorder(ADHD).Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionsismostimportantformanagingthechild'ssymptoms?A.Provideaconsistentroutineandstructure.B.Encouragethechildtoparticipateinphysicalactivities.C.Administerstimulantmedicationsasprescribedbythephysician.D.Offerthechildopportunitiesforsocialinteractionandpeersupport.8.Thenurseiscaringfora10-year-oldchildwithadiagnosisofjuvenilediabetes.Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionsismostimportanttopreventhypoglycemia?A.Providethechildwithfrequentsnacks.B.Monitorthechild'sbloodsugarlevelsregularly.C.Teachthechildandfamilyaboutthesignsandsymptomsofhypoglycemia.D.Adjustthechild'sinsulindosagebasedondietaryintakeandactivitylevels.9.A12-year-oldchildisbroughttotheclinicwithacomplaintofabdominalpain.Whichofthefollowingconditionsismostlikelytocausethechild'ssymptoms?A.AppendicitisB.GastroenteritisC.ConstipationD.Pepticulcerdisease10.Thenurseisteachingagroupofparentsabouttheimportanceofhandhygiene.Whichofthefollowingstatementsshouldthenurseincludeintheteachingplan?A.Handhygieneshouldbeperformedforatleast15secondswithsoapandwater.B.Handsanitizersshouldbeusedinsteadofsoapandwaterwhenhandsarevisiblydirty.C.Handhygieneisonlynecessaryafterhandlingbodilyfluidsorafterusingthebathroom.D.Handhygieneismostimportantforchildrenwithweakenedimmunesystems.二、多项选择题（每题2分，共10分）1.Thenurseisassessinga4-year-oldchildwithafeverandsorethroat.Whichofthefollowingfindingsareindicativeofstreptococcalpharyngitis?A.WhitepatchesonthetonsilsB.Swollen,tenderlymphnodesintheneckC.Red,strawberry-likeappearanceofthetonsilsD.Hoarsenessofthevoice2.Thenurseiscaringfora5-year-oldchildwithadiagnosisofbronchiolitis.Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionsaremostimportanttomanagethechild'ssymptoms?A.Encouragethechildtorestanddrinkplentyoffluids.B.Useacool-misthumidifiertohelprelieverespiratorysymptoms.C.Administeroxygentherapyasprescribedbythephysician.D.Providethechildwithahigh-proteindiettosupportrecovery.3.Thenurseisteachingagroupofparentsabouttheimportanceofimmunizationsfortheirchildren.Whichofthefollowingvaccinesarerecommendedforchildreninthepediatricagegroup?A.Measles,mumps,andrubella(MMR)vaccineB.Haemophilusinfluenzaetypeb(Hib)vaccineC.Humanpapillomavirus(HPV)vaccineD.Influenzavaccine4.Thenurseiscaringfora6-year-oldchildwithadiagnosisofacutelymphoblasticleukemia.Whichofthefollowingpotentialsideeffectsofchemotherapyshouldthenursemonitorfor?A.NauseaandvomitingB.HairlossC.InfectionD.Hearingloss5.Thenurseisteachingagroupofparentsabouttheimportanceofcarseatsafetyfortheirchildren.Whichofthefollowingrecommendationsshouldthenurseincludeintheteachingplan?A.Usearear-facingcarseatforchildrenunder2yearsofage.B.Placethecarseatinthebackseatofthevehicle.C.Ensurethatthecarseatisproperlysecuredandthechildisbuckledin.D.Allowthechildtouseaboosterseatuntiltheyare8yearsofageor4feet9inchestall.四、简答题（每题5分，共15分）1.请简述婴幼儿护理中，如何建立和维护良好的睡眠习惯。2.请描述在儿科护理中，如何进行儿童营养评估和干预。3.请列举并解释儿科护理中常见的几种感染性疾病及其护理要点。五、论述题（10分）请结合实际案例，论述在儿科护理中，如何进行家长教育和支持，以提高家长对儿童疾病的认知和护理能力。六、案例分析题（10分）患者，男，6岁，因“发热、咳嗽3天，加重伴呼吸困难1天”入院。查体：体温39.2℃，呼吸急促，口唇发绀，两肺呼吸音粗，可闻及湿啰音。辅助检查：白细胞计数15.0×10^9/L，中性粒细胞比例0.8。请根据患者病情，写出护理诊断、护理目标、护理措施及健康教育内容。本次试卷答案如下：一、单项选择题1.A解析：肺炎（Pneumonia）是婴幼儿常见的呼吸道感染疾病，表现为发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难等症状。2.C解析：婴幼儿的睡眠习惯需要建立稳定的睡前常规，以帮助其形成健康的睡眠模式。3.A解析：结膜炎（Conjunctivitis）常见于婴幼儿，表现为红眼、流泪、眼屎增多等症状。4.C解析：预防感染的关键措施是保持严格的个人卫生和隔离措施。5.A解析：避免使用棉签清洁耳朵可以减少对耳道的损伤和感染风险。6.C解析：婴儿的喂养应根据其自身需求进行，遵循其自然进食的节奏。7.A解析：对于ADHD儿童，提供一个一致的日常结构和活动安排有助于减少症状。8.B解析：定期监测血糖水平可以帮助预防低血糖的发生。9.B解析：急性肠胃炎（Gastroenteritis）可能导致儿童出现腹痛。10.A解析：正确的手卫生应持续至少15秒，以有效清除细菌。二、多项选择题1.A,B,C解析：链球菌性咽炎的典型症状包括咽部白斑、颈部淋巴结肿大和红肿的扁桃体。2.A,B,C解析：支气管炎的护理措施包括休息、充足的水分摄入和使用加湿器。3.A,B,C,D解析：所有列出的疫苗都是儿童推荐的疫苗，用于预防相应的传染病。4.A,B,C解析：化疗的副作用可能包括恶心、呕吐、脱发、感染和听力损失。5.A,B,C,D解析：所有提到的建议都是确保儿童安全使用汽车座椅的正确做法。四、简答题1.建立和维护婴幼儿良好的睡眠习惯，应包括以下要点：-确定一个固定的睡前常规，如洗澡、讲故事等。-保证充足的睡眠时间和良好的睡眠环境。-避免白天过度兴奋和过度劳累。-教育家长识别儿童的睡