英语国家概况课后习题答案

一、选择题（答案在下面）

I.Choosetheonethatbestcompleteseachofthefollowingstatements.

1.ThetwomainislandsoftheBritishIslesare.

A.GreatBritainandIrelandB.GreatBritainandScotland

C.GreatBritainandWalesD.GreatBritainandEngland

2.isthecapitalcityofScotland.

A.BelfastB.EdinburghC.AberdeenD.Cardiff

3.Accordingtoa2005estimate,Britainnowhasapopulationofovermillion.

A.l€0B.600C.60D.16

4.AmongthefourpartsoftheUnitedKingdom,isthesmallest.

A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.NorthernIreland

5.AlmostaquarteroftheBritishpopulationlivesinEngland.

A.northeasternB.southeasternC.northwesternD.southwestern

6.EnglishbelongstothegroupofIndo-Europeanfamilyoflanguages.

A.CelticB.Indo-lranianC.GermanicD.Roman

7.TheintroductionofChristianitytoBritainaddedthefirstelementofwordstoEnglish.

A.DanishandFinnishB.DutchandGerman

C.FrpnchandItalianD.IatinandGreek

8.TheevolutionofMiddleEnglishwasreinforcedbytheinfluence.

A.NormanB.DutchC.GermanD.Danish

9.SamuelJohnson'sdictionarywasinfluentialinestablishingastandardformof.

A.grammarB.handwritingC.spellingD.pronunciation

10.Atpresent,nearlyoftheworld'spopulationcommunicateinEnglish.

A.halfB.aquarterC.onethirdD.onefifth

11.TheattackonRomeendedtheRomanoccupationinBritainin410.

A.NormanB.DanishC.CelticD.Germanic

12.Bythelate7thcentury,becamethedominantreligioninEngland.

A.CelticChristianityB.Anglo-SaxonChristianity

C.GermanicChristianityD.RomanChristianity

13.WestminsterAbbeywasbuiltatthetimeof.

A.StAugustineB.EdwardtheConfessor

C.WilliamtheConquerorD.AlfredtheGreat

14.ThemarkedtheestablishmentoffeudalisminEngland.

A.VikinginvasionB.signingoftheMagnaCarta

C.NormanConquestD.Adoptionofcommonlaw

15.TheendoftheWarsoftheRosesledtotheruleof.

A.theHouseofValoisB.theHouseofYork

C.theHouseofTudorD.theHouseofLancaster

16.ThedirectcausefortheReligiousReformationwasKingHenryVIIKseffortto.

A.divorcehiswifeB.breakwithRome

C.supporttheProtestantsD.declarehissupremepoweroverthechurch

17.TheEnglishCivilWarbrokeoutin1642between.

A.ProtestantsandPuritansB.RoyalistsandParliamentarians

C.noblesandpeasantsD.aristocratsandChristians

18.waspassedaftertheGloriousRevolution.

A.BillofRightsB.ActofSupremacy

C.ProvisionsofOxfordD.MagnaCarta

19.TheIndustrialRevolutionwasaccomplishedinBritainbythemiddleofthecentury.

A.17thB.18thC.19thD.20th

20.Britainfacedstrongchallengesinitsglobalimperialdominancebythebeginningofthecentury.

A.17thB.18thC.19thD.20th

21.TheBritishgovernmentischaracterizedbyadivisionofpowersbetweenthreeofthefollowingbranches

withtheexceptionofthe.

A.judiciaryB.legislatureC.monarchyD.executive

22.TheimportanceoftheBritishmonarchycanbeseeninitseffecton.

A.passingthebillsB.advisingthegovernment

C.politicalpartiesD.publicattitude

23.AsarevisingchambertheHouseofLordsisexpectedtotheHouseofCommons.

A.rivalB.complementC.criticizeD.inspect

24.BritishCabinetworksontheprincipleof.

A.collectiveresponsibilityB.individualresponsibility

C.defendingthecollectivismD.defendingtheindividuals

25.ThemaindutyoftheBritishPrivyCouncilisto.

AmakedecisionsR.giveadviceC.passbillsD.supervisetheCabinet

26.InBritain,theparliamentarygeneralelectionisheldeveryyears.

A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.six

27.hasadistinctlegalsystembasedonRomanlaw.

A.WalesB.EnglandC.ScotlandD.NorthernIreland

28.Generallyspeaking,theBritishParliamentoperatesonasystem.

A.single-partyB.two-partyC.three-partyD.multi-party

29.ThepoliciesoftheConservativePartyarecharacterizedbypragmatismand.

A.governmentinterventionB.nationalizationofenterprises

C.socialreformD.abeliefinindividualism

30.TheLaborPartyaffectedtheBritishsocietygreatlyinthatit.

A.setuptheNationalHealthServiceB.improvedpublictransportation

C.abolishedtheoldtaxsystemD.enhancedtheeconomicdevelopment

31.TheBritisheconomyachievedglobaldominancebythe.

A.1860sB.1870sC.1880sD.1890s

32.In,theBritishParliamentpassedtwoimportantactstoestablishawelfarestate.

A.1945B.1946C.1947D.1948

33.Theintheearly1970sworsenedanalreadystagnanteconomyinBritain.

A.oilcrisisB.highinflationrates

C.largeimportsD.unemploymentproblem

34.Ofthefollowingpractices,doesnotbelongtoThatcher'ssocialwelfarereform.

A.reducingchildbenefitsB.shorteningtheunemploymentbenefitsperiod

C.reducingtheunemploymentD.loweringoldagepensions

35.TheBlairgovernmenthasbeensuccessfulinallthefollowingaspectsexcept.

A.limitinggovernmentspendingB.keepinginflationundercontrol

C.reducingunemploymentD.reducinginequality

36.Britainhasdevotedofitslandareatoagriculture.

A.54%B.64%C.74%D.84%

37.Britain'simportantfishingareasincludeallthefollowingexcept

A.theNorthSeaB.theEnglishChannel

C.TheseaareaaroundIrelandD.TheseaareabetweenBdtainandIreland

38.CoalminingindustryinBritainprovidesoftheenergyconsumedinthecountry.

A.1/3B.1/4C.1/5D.2/3

39.ThecarindustryinBritaininmostly.

A.foreign-ownedB.state-ownedC.joint-ventureD.privately-owned

40.OfthefollowingsectorsinBritain,hasexperiencedspectaculargrowthsincetheendofWord

WarII.

A.agricultureB.energyindustryC.serviceindustryD.manufacturingindustry

41.InBritain,thedivisionbetweengrammarschoolsandvocationalschoolswereendedbytheintroduction

ofcomprehensiveschoolsinthe.

A.1530sB.1940sC.1950sD.1960s

42.AboutofBritishchildrenreceiveprimaryandsecondaryeducationthroughtheindependent

system.

A.5%B.6%C.7%D.8%

43.Partiallyfundedbycentralgovernmentgrants,theBritishuniversitiesreceivetheirremainingfundsfrom

allthefollowingsourcesexcept.

A.tuitionfeesR.loansC.donationsD.corporatecontributions

44.Ofthefollowing,isNOTabasisofadmissiontoBritain'suniversities.

A.resultinnationalentrancetestB.A-levelresult

C.aninterviewD.schoolreferences

45.TobeadmittedtotheOpenUniversityoneneed.

A.someeducationalqualificationsB.noeducationalqualifications

C.GeneralCertificateofEducation-AdvancedD.GeneralNationalVocationalQualifications

46.AmongBritain'squalitypress,thefollowingnewspapersareregardedasthe“BigThree“withthe

exceptionof.

A.TheTimesB.TheGuardianC.TheObserverD.TheDailyTelegraph

47.LifeonEarthisakindofprogramproducedbytheBBCandispopularamong500million

viewersworldwide.

A.featureB.dramaC.documentaryD.soapopera

48.isBritain'stoppaytelevisionprovider.

A.BSBB.SkyTVC.BBCD.BSkyB

49.Ofthefollowing,isNOTacommonfeatureofalltheBritishholidays.

A.familiesgettingtogetherB.friendsexchanginggoodwishes

C.friendsenjoyingeachother'scompanyD.familiestravelingoverseas

50.ThefollowingChristmastraditionsareparticularlyBritishexcept.

A.TroopingtheColorB.Queen/sChristmasmessage

C.BcxingDayD.Christmaspantomime

51.ThemostsignificantachievementoftheEnglishRenaissanceis.

A.poetryB.dramaC.novelD.pamphlet

52.isviewedasRomanticpoetry's^DeclarationofIndependence//

A.”IWonderedLonelyasaCloud"B.DonJuan

C."PrefacetoLyricalBallads"D.PrometheusUnbound

53.OfDickens*novels,isconsideredautobiographical.

A.ATaleofTwoCitiesB.DavidCopperfield

C.OliverTwistD.GreatExpectations

54.isarepresentativeofEnglishCriticalRealismattheturnofthe19ticentury.

A.RobertLouisStevensonB.JohnMilton

C.JosephConradD.ThomasHardy

55.Ofthefollowingstatements,isNOTcorrectintermsofNeo-Romanticism.

A.Itorevailedattheendofthe19thcentury.

B.Thewritersweredissatisfiedwiththesocialreality.

C.Thewritersbelievedin"ArtforArt'sSake”.

D.TreasureIslandwasarepresentativewcrk.

56.isNOTincludedinthemodernistgroup.

A.OscarWildB.VirginiaWoolf

C.WilliamButlerYeatsD.T.S.Eliot

57.Ofthefollowingbooks,wasNOTwrittenbyThomasHardy.

A.JudetheObscureB.TessoftheDVrbervilles

C.AdamBedeD.TheReturnoftheNative

58.Ofthefollowingstatements,isNOTcorrectaboutVirginiaWoolf.

A.Shewasacentralfigureofthe“BloomsburyGroup".

B.Sheexperimentedwithstreamofconsciousness.

C.Shewasaninfluentialfeminist

D.HermasterpiecewasTheRainbow.

59.Ofthefollowingwriters,isNOTaNobelPrizewinner.

A.SamuelBeckettB.JamesJoyceC.WilliamGoldingD.V.S.Naipaul

60.WaitingforGodotiswrittenby.

A.SamuelBeckettB.GeorgeOrwellC.WilliamGoldingD.D.HLawrence

61.TheUnitedStateshasstatesonthecontinent.

A.5CB.49C.48D.35

62.Thestateofisthelargestinareaofallthestates.

A.AlaskaB.HawaiiC.TexasD.Florida

63.TheU.S.liesinNorthAmerica,withCanadatothenorth,Mexicotothesouth,theAtlanticto

itsandthePacifictoits.

A.northern,east,westB.central,east,west

C.southern,west,eastD.western,east,west

64.ThelargestriverintheU.S.is.

A.theMissouriRiverB.theMississippiRiver

C.theOhioRiverD.theColoradoRiver

65.SomeoftheworldfamousuniversitieslikeHarvard,YaleandMITarelocated.

A.intheSouthB.alongthePacificCoast

C.inNewEnglandD.intheMidwest

66.islocatedontheU.S.-CanadianborderbetweenLakeErieandLakeOntario.

A.YellowstoneNationalParkB.TheGrandCanyon

C.NiagaraFallsD.TheGreatSaltLake

67.ThenativeAlaskanpopulationincludesthefollowingexceptthe.

A.IndiansB.EskimosC.AleutsD.Blacks

68.ThelargestminorityintheUnitedStatesisthe.

A.PacificIslandersB.BlacksC.NativeAmericansD.Asians

69.TheImmigrantsActof1924restrictedthefurtherimmigrationintotheUnitedStates,particularly

from.

A.EuropeB.AsiaC.AfricaD.SouthAmerica

70.ThecharacteristicofdominantAmericancultureis.

A.English-speaking,northernEuropean,RomanCatholicandmiddle-class

B.English-speaking,westernEuropean,RomanCatholicandupper-class

C.English-speaking,northernEuropean,Protestantandupper-class

D.English-speaking,westernEuropean,Protestantandmiddle-class

71.ThefirstsuccessfulEnglishcolonyinNorthAmericawasfoundedatin.

A.Jamestown,LouisianaB.Boston,Massachusetts

C.Jamestown,VirginiaD.Plymouth,Georgia

72.PilgrimFathersareagroupofwhocametoAmericatoavoidpersecutioninEngland.

A.ProtestantsB.PuritansC.CatholicsD.Christians

73.TheSevenYears'Waroccurredbetweenthe.

A.FrenchandAmericanIndiansB.FrenchandSpaniards

C.FrenchandBritishD.BritishandAmericanIndians

74.“Notaxationwithoutrepresentation“wastherallyingsloganof.

A.thesettlersofVirginiaB.thepeopleofPennsylvania

C.thecolonistsinNewEnglandD.thepeopleofthe13colonies

75.ThefirstshotsoftheAmericanWarofIndependencewerefiredin.

A.ConcordB.LexingtonC.PhiladelphiaD.Boston

76.InMay1775,washeldinPhiladelphiaandbegantoassumethefunctionsofanational

government.

A.theFirstContinentalCongressB.theSecondContinentalCongress

C.theBostonTeaPartyD.theCongressofConfederation

77.AbrahamLincolnissuedtograntfreedomtoallslaves.

A.DeclarationofIndependenceB.Constitution

C.EmancipationProclamationD.BillofRights

78.ThepolicyoftheUnitedStateswasatthebeginningofthetwoworldwars.

A.neutralityB.fullinvolvementC.partialinvolvementD.appeasement

79.PresidentappliedNewDealtodealwiththeproblemsoftheGreatDepression.

A.WilsonB.TrumanC.RooseveltD.Kennedy

80.TheVietnamWarwasalong-timesufferingforAmericans,anditcontinuedthroughoutthetermsof

Presidents.

A.Johnson,NixonandFordB.Truman,EisenhowerandKennedy

C.Kennedy,JohnsonandNixonD.Eisenhower,KennedyandJohnson

81.TheU.S.Constitutioncameintoeffectin.

A.1787B.1789C.1791D.1793

82.TheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates.

A.givesthemostpowertoCongress

B.givesthemostpowertothePresident

C.triestogiveeachbranchenoughpowertobalancetheothers

D.givesthemostpowertotheSupremeCourt

83.TheBillofRights.

A.definestherightsofCongressandtherightsofthePresident

B.guaranteescitizensoftheUnitedStatesspecificindividualrightsandfreedoms

C.ispartoftheDeclarationofIndependence

D.hasnorelationshipwiththeConstitution

84.ThefollowingexceptareguaranteedintheBillofRights.

A.freedomofreligion

B.therighttogetintopeople'shousebypolice

C.freedomofspeechandofpress

D.therighttoownone'sweaponifonewishes

85.Allthefollowingexceptcannotmakelegislativeproposal.

A.theSenatorB.theRepresentative

C.theSecretaryofStateD.thePresident

86.ThefollowingexceptareallpowersofthePresident.

A.vetoinganybillspassedbyCongress

B.appointingfederaljudgeswhenvacanciesoccur

C.makinglaws

D.issuingexecutiveorders

87.AccordingtotheConstitution,acandidateforPresidentmustbe.

A.atleast35yearsold

B.atleasta14years*residentoftheUnitedStates

C.bcminAmerica

D.alloftheabove

88.ThetermsforaSenatorandRepresentativeareandyearsrespectively.

A.two,fourB.two,threeC.two,sixD.six,two

89.TheSupremeCourtiscomposedofjustices.

A.sixB.sevenC.eightD.nine

90.ThePresidentisdirectlyvotedintoofficeby.

A.allcitizensofAmericaB.thecitizensover18yearsold

C.electorselectedbythevotersD.thesenatorsandrepresentatives

91.Americaproducesamajorportionoftheworld'sproductsinthefollowingfieldsexcept.

A.machineryB.automobilesC.oreD.chemicals

92.ThemodernAmericaneconomyprogressedfromto,andeventually,to.

A.colonialeconomy,handcrafteconomy,industrialeconomy

B.farmingeconomy,handcrafteconomy,industrialeconomy

C.colonialeconomy,farmingeconomy,industrialeconomy

D.handcrafteconomy,farmingeconomy,industrialeconomy

93.CharteredcompanieswereNOTgrantedthebytheBritishKingorQueen.

A.politicalauthorityB.economicrights

C.judicialauthorityD.diplomaticauthority

94.ThefirstNationalBankoftheUnitedStateswasestablishedwiththeurgeof.

A.GeorgeWashingtonB.ThomasJefferson

C.AndrewJacksonD.AlexanderHamilton

95.Thefollowinginventionstookplaceduringthe“secondindustrialrevolution*except.

A.typewriterB.telephoneC.electriclightD.refrigerator

96.PresidentJohnsontriedtobuilda“GreatSociety“byintroducingvariousprogramslikethefollowing

except.

A.MedicareB.FoodStamps

C.EducationInitiativesD.UnemploymentPension

97.AboutofAmericancropsareforexport.

A.halfB.onethirdC.onefourthD.onefifth

98.Thefollowingstatementsarealltrueexcept.

A.Agribusinessesreflectthebig,corporatenatureofmanyfarmenterprises.

B.Agribusinessesmaintainabalancedtradepatternbetweenagriculturalimportsandexports.

C.Agribusinessesrangefromone-familycorporationstomultinationalfirms.

D.Agribusinessesincludeavarietyoffarmbusinessesandstructures.

99.isnotoneofthethreegiantsinAmericanautomobileindustry.

A.FordB.GeneralMotorsC.ChryslerD.AmericanMotors

100.Atpresent,U.S.exportsaccountforoftheworld'stotal.

A.IC%B.15%C.20%D.25%

101.FormaleducationintheUnitedStatesconsistsof,secondaryandhighereducation.

A.kindergartenB.publicC.elementaryD.private

102.Ofthefollowingsubjects,areNOTofferedtoelementaryschoolstudents.

A.mathematicsandlanguagesB.politicsandbusinesseducation

C.scienceandsocialstudiesD.musicandphysicaleducation

103.HighereducationintheUnitedStatesbeganwiththefoundingof.

A.YaleUniversityB.HarvardUniversity

C.PrncetonUniversityD.NewYorkUniversity

104.Ofth。following,areNOTamongthecategoriesofAmericanhighereducation

A.universitiesandcollegesB.researchinstitutions

C.technicalinstitutionsD.communitycolleges

105.Ofthefollowing,isNOTtheresponsibilityoftheboardoftrusteesinU.S.institutions.

A.choosingthepresident

B.establishingpoliciesforadministratorsandfaculty

C.approvingbudgetandotherfinancialproject

D.decidewhichstudenttoenroll

106.Togetabachelor'sdegree,allundergraduatestudentsarerequiredtodothefollowingexcept.

A.at二endinglecturesandcompletingassignments

B.passingexaminations

C.workingforcommunities

D.earningacertainnumberofcredits

107.Ofthefollowinguniversities,hasNOTcultivatedanyAmericanPresidentyet.

A.HarvardUniversityB.MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology

C.PrncetonUniversityD.YaleUniversity

108.issoldespeciallytotheupperorupper-middleclassandithasareputationforitsserious

attitudeandgreatbulk.

A.TheWashingtonPostB.TheNewYorkTimes

C.LosAngelesTimesD.NewYorkDailyNews

109.Ofthefollowing,isNOTamongthethreemajorradioandTVnetv/orksinAmerica.

A.theNationalBroadcastingSystem(NBS)B.thePublicBroadcastingService(PBS)

C.theColumbiaBroadcastingSystem(CBS)D.theAmericanBroadcastingSystem(ABS)

110.TheNationalDayoftheUnitedStatesfallson.

A.June4thB.July4thC.June14thD.July14th

111.Ofthefollowingwriters,arefromtheColonialandRevolutionary3eriods.

A.BenjaminFranklin&EdgarEllenPoeB.EdgarEllenPoe&JonathanEdwards

C.BenjaminFranklin&JonathanEdwardsD.EdgarEllenPoe&WashingtonIrving

112.isregardedas“thefatherofAmericanliterature/7.

A.JamesFennimoreCooperB.RalphWaldoEmerson

C.ThomasJeffersonD.WashingtonIrving

113.Ofthefollowing,isNOTNathanielHawthorne'swork.

A.TheScarletLetterB.TheHouseoftheSevenGables

C.TheMarbleFaunD.Nature

114.Ofthefollowing,isconsideredHermanMelville'smasterpiece.

A.TheLastoftheMohicansB.TheLegendofSleepyHollow

C.MobyDickD.DaisyMiller

115.Ofthefollowing,isNOTchcracteristicofMarkTwain'sworks.

A.colloquialspeechB.asenseofhumor

C.arealisticviewD.anidealisticview

116.Ofthefollowingwriters,isNOTincludedinthegroupofnaturalists.

A.StephenCraneB.FrankNorrisC.TheodoreDreiserD.HermanMelville

117.F.ScottFitzgerald'sfinestnovelis,anditsthemeisabout.

A.TheGreatGatsby,theAmericanDream

B.TenderistheNight,love

C.TalesoftheJazzAge,thelossofoneself

D.TheReautifulandtheDamned,theevilofhumannature

118.Ofthefollowingbooks,isNOTwrittenbyErnestHemingway.

A.TheSunAlsoRisesB.TheSoundandtheFury

C.AFarewelltoArmsD.ForWhomtheBellTolls

119.Ofthefollowingwriters,isNotaNobelPrizewinner.

A.AlceWalkerB.ErnestHemingv/ayC.WilliamFaulknerD.EugeneO'Neil

120.isthefirstAfrican-AmericanwinneroftheNobelPrizeforLiterature.

A.RalphEllisonB.TonyMorrisonC.RichardWrightD.JamesBaldwin

选择题参考答案:

第一章ABCDBCDACB

第二章DDBCCABACD

三CDBABCCBDA

四CBACDCDBAC

五DBBABCCDDA

BCBDCACDBA

ACABBCCDBAD

九CBCDBBCACD

十BCBBCCDDDC

十一CCDDDDBBD

十二CBBBDCBBBB

十三CDDCDDABAB

二、判断题及答案

Chapter1

l.TheislandofGreatBritainisgeographicallydividedintothreeparts:England,ScotlandandWales.(T)

2.PeopleindifferentpartsofBritainliketousethenameEnglandtorefertotheircountry.(F)

3.7bdaymorethanhalfofthepeopleinWalesstillspeaktheancientWelshlanguage.(F)

4.lntermsofpopulationandarea,NorthernIrelandisthesecondlargestpartoftheUnitedKingdom.(F)

5.ThelongestriverofBritainoriginatesinWales.(T)

6.Becauseofpoliticaltroubles,NorthernIrelandhasbeenquitesignificantamongthefourconstituentpartsof

theUnitedKingdom.(T)

7.ThoughtheclimateinBritainisgenerallymild,thetemperatureinnorthernScotlandoftenfallsbelow-IOCin

January.(F)

8.ThemajorityofthepeopleinBritainaredescendantsoftheAnglo-Saxons.(T)

9.TheCelticpeoplearetheearliestknowninhabitantsofBritain.(T)

lO.EnglishchangedintowhatisdescribedasModernEnglishfromthelate16thcentury.(F)

Chapter2

l.TheBritishhistorybefore55BCisbasicallyundocumented.(T)

2.TheCeltsbecamethedominantgroupinBritainbetweenthe8thand5thcenturiesBC.(T)

3.ThenameofBritaincamefromaCeltictribe--theBritons.(T)

4.TheAnglo-SaxonscametoBritaininthemid--5thcentury.(T)

5.ThechieforkingoftheAnglo-Saxontribesexercisedpowerattheirownwill.(F)

6.TheVikingsbegantoattacktheEnglishcoastinthe8thcentury.(T)

7.HenryIIbuiltupalargeempirewhichincludedEnglandandmostofFrance.(T)

8.TheMagnaCartawasdesignedtoprotecttherightsofboththeprivilegedclassandthetownspeople.(F)

9.TheHundredYears'WarwasaseriesofwarsfoughtbetweenEnglandandNormansfoetradeand

territory.(F)

lO.lnanefforttomakeacompromisebetweendifferentreligiousfactions,QueenElizabethIactuallydefended

thefruitoftheReligiousReformation.(T)

Chapter3

1.ConventionsareregardedlessimportantthancommonlawintheworkingoftheBritishgovernment.(F)

2.TheBritishmonarchyhasneverbeeninterruptedthroughoutthehistory.(F)

3.Inreality,theBritishKingorQueenisthesourceofallgovernmentpowers.(F)

4.BritishParliamentisthelaw-makingbodyoftheCommonwealthofNations.(F)

5.LordsSpiritualandLordsTemporalareallmembersintheBritishUpperHouse.|T)

6.ThemembersintheHouseofCommonsareappointedratherthanelected.(F)

7,TheBritishPrimeMinisteristheleaderofthemajoritypartyinParliament.(T)

8.CabinetmembersarechosenbythePrim