法学英文考试题及答案

法学英文考试题及答案姓名：____________________

一、多项选择题（每题2分，共20题）

1.Whichofthefollowingisabranchoflaw?

A.PoliticalScience

B.Economics

C.CriminalLaw

D.Literature

2.Whatisthemainpurposeofacontract?

A.Tocreateanagreementbetweentwoparties

B.Toenforcealegalobligation

C.Tocreateabindingagreement

D.Alloftheabove

3.Whichofthefollowingisacivilwrong?

A.Murder

B.Libel

C.Theft

D.Alloftheabove

4.Whatistheprincipleofstaredecisis?

A.Judgesshouldfollowpreviouscourtdecisions

B.Judgesshouldmakenewdecisionsbasedonpreviouscourtdecisions

C.Judgesshouldignorepreviouscourtdecisions

D.Thereisnoprincipleofstaredecisisinthelegalsystem

5.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofacommonlaw?

A.Theruleoflaw

B.Theprincipleofequalitybeforethelaw

C.Thedoctrineofprecedent

D.Theruleofconsent

6.Whatisthedifferencebetweenatortandacrime?

A.Atortisacivilwrong,whileacrimeisacriminaloffense

B.Atortisacriminaloffense,whileacrimeisacivilwrong

C.Bothtortandcrimearecivilwrongs

D.Bothtortandcrimearecriminaloffenses

7.Whichofthefollowingisalegaldocument?

A.Acontract

B.Abillofsale

C.Awill

D.Alloftheabove

8.Whatistheroleofalawyerinthelegalsystem?

A.Torepresentclientsincourt

B.Toprovidelegaladvicetoclients

C.Toenforcethelaw

D.Alloftheabove

9.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofastatute?

A.TheCriminalCode

B.TheCivilProcedureAct

C.TheConstitution

D.Alloftheabove

10.Whatisthedifferencebetweenabillandalaw?

A.Abillisaproposalforanewlaw,whilealawisanenactedbill

B.Abillisanenactedlaw,whilealawisaproposalforanewlaw

C.Bothabillandalawareproposalsfornewlaws

D.Bothabillandalawareenactedlaws

11.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofajudge?

A.Amagistrate

B.Ajustice

C.Ajudgeadvocate

D.Alloftheabove

12.Whatisthedifferencebetweenajuryandajudge?

A.Ajurydecidesfacts,whileajudgedecideslaw

B.Ajurydecideslaw,whileajudgedecidesfacts

C.Bothajuryandajudgedecidefactsandlaw

D.Neitherajurynorajudgedecidesfactsandlaw

13.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofalegalprinciple?

A.Theprincipleofequalitybeforethelaw

B.Theruleoflaw

C.Thedoctrineofprecedent

D.Alloftheabove

14.Whatistheroleofasolicitor?

A.Toprovidelegaladvicetoclients

B.Torepresentclientsincourt

C.Todraftlegaldocuments

D.Alloftheabove

15.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofalegaldispute?

A.Acontractdispute

B.Apropertydispute

C.Afamilylawdispute

D.Alloftheabove

16.Whatisthedifferencebetweenacivilsuitandacriminaltrial?

A.Acivilsuitisadisputebetweentwoparties,whileacriminaltrialisaprosecutionbythestate

B.Acivilsuitisaprosecutionbythestate,whileacriminaltrialisadisputebetweentwoparties

C.Bothacivilsuitandacriminaltrialaredisputesbetweentwoparties

D.Bothacivilsuitandacriminaltrialareprosecutionsbythestate

17.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofalegalright?

A.Therighttoprivacy

B.Therighttoafairtrial

C.Therighttoownproperty

D.Alloftheabove

18.Whatistheroleofabarrister?

A.Toprovidelegaladvicetoclients

B.Torepresentclientsincourt

C.Todraftlegaldocuments

D.Alloftheabove

19.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofalegalduty?

A.Thedutytopaytaxes

B.Thedutytocomplywiththelaw

C.Thedutytorespecttherightsofothers

D.Alloftheabove

20.Whatisthedifferencebetweenalegalsystemandalegalcode?

A.Alegalsystemisacollectionoflaws,whilealegalcodeisasinglelaw

B.Alegalsystemisasinglelaw,whilealegalcodeisacollectionoflaws

C.Bothalegalsystemandalegalcodearecollectionsoflaws

D.Bothalegalsystemandalegalcodearesinglelaws

二、判断题（每题2分，共10题）

1.Theruleoflawstatesthateveryone,includinggovernmentofficials,issubjecttothelaw.

2.Atortisacivilwrongthatresultsinmonetarycompensationtotheinjuredparty.

3.Theprincipleofstaredecisismeansthatjudgesmustalwaysfollowtheprecedentssetbypreviouscourtdecisions.

4.AbillisadraftofalawthatmustbepassedbybothhousesofParliamentbeforeitbecomesalaw.

5.Asolicitorisalawyerwhospecializesincriminallawandrepresentsclientsincourt.

6.TheSupremeCourtisthehighestcourtinmostlegalsystemsandhasthepowertomakefinaldecisionsonlegalmatters.

7.Acontractislegallybindingonlyifbothpartieshavethecapacitytoenterintoacontract.

8.Theseparationofpowersisafundamentalprincipleinmanylegalsystems,dividingthegovernmentintoseparatebranches:legislative,executive,andjudicial.

9.Acommonlawisalegalsystembasedonjudicialdecisionsratherthanwrittenlaws.

10.Ajudgeadvocateisalawyerwhoworksforthegovernmentandprovideslegaladvicetogovernmentdepartmentsandagencies.

三、简答题（每题5分，共4题）

1.Explainthedifferencebetweenatortandacrime.

2.Describetheroleofasolicitorinthelegalprocess.

3.Whatarethekeyelementsofavalidcontract?

4.Discusstheconceptoftheruleoflawanditsimportanceinademocraticsociety.

四、论述题（每题10分，共2题）

1.Discussthesignificanceofthedoctrineofprecedentinthecommonlawsystem.Howdoesitaffecttheconsistencyandpredictabilityoflegaldecisions?

2.Analyzetheimpactofinternationallawondomesticlegalsystems.Provideexamplesofhowinternationaltreatiesandconventionsinfluencenationallawsandpolicies.

试卷答案如下：

一、多项选择题答案及解析思路：

1.C.CriminalLaw

解析思路：法学的分支包括多个领域，其中刑法是专门研究犯罪行为及其法律后果的领域。

2.D.Alloftheabove

解析思路：合同的主要目的是在双方之间建立一项协议，并强制执行法律义务。

3.B.Libel

解析思路：诽谤是一种侵犯名誉的民事侵权行为。

4.A.Judgesshouldfollowpreviouscourtdecisions

解析思路：遵循先例原则（staredecisis）要求法官在类似案件中遵循先前的法院判决。

5.C.Thedoctrineofprecedent

解析思路：先例原则是普通法系中的一个基本原则，指导法官在类似情况下做出判决。

6.A.Atortisacivilwrong,whileacrimeisacriminaloffense

解析思路：侵权行为是民事案件，而犯罪是刑事案件。

7.D.Alloftheabove

解析思路：合同、销售凭证和遗嘱都是法律文件，具有法律效力。

8.D.Alloftheabove

解析思路：律师在法律体系中的角色包括代表客户出庭、提供法律咨询和执行法律。

9.D.Alloftheabove

解析思路：刑法典、民事程序法和宪法都是法律，由立法机关制定。

10.A.Abillisaproposalforanewlaw,whilealawisanenactedbill

解析思路：法案是提出新法律的草案，而法律是经过立法程序通过的法案。

二、判断题答案及解析思路：

1.True

解析思路：法治原则要求所有人在法律面前平等，包括政府官员。

2.True

解析思路：侵权行为通常导致对受害方的经济赔偿。

3.True

解析思路：遵循先例原则意味着法官必须遵循先前的法院判决。

4.True

解析思路：法案是提交给立法机关的立法草案，而法律是经过立法程序通过的法案。

5.False

解析思路：律师根据他们的专业领域提供不同的服务，不一定专门从事刑事法律。

6.True

解析思路：最高法院是大多数法律体系中的最高法院，拥有对法律事务做出最终决定的权力。

7.True

解析思路