Unit3TheworldofscienceUsingLanguage课件-高一英语

外研版必修三,Unit3,Theworldofscience,P38,

UsingLanguageRewritetheunderlinedpartsusingthepresentperfectpassive.Withinthenext80years,ourlivesmaybechangedbeyondrecognitionby3Dprinting.Ithasalreadyaffectedmanythingsinourlives,rightdowntothefoodweeat.Forinstance,somerestaurantsinLondonhaveserved3D-printedhamburgerstocustomers.Butperhapsthemostsignificantsuccessthatpeoplehaveachievedtodateisinmedicine.Theyhavemadehumanbodyparts,includingabeatingheart,with3Dprintingtechnology.Anditisnotjusthumanswhoarebenefiting—inBrazil,peoplehavegivenanew3D-printedshelltoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!Withinthenext80years,ourlivesmaybechangedbeyondrecognitionby3Dprinting.Ithasalreadyaffectedmanythingsinourlives,rightdowntothefoodweeat.Forinstance,somerestaurantsinLondonhaveserved3D-printedhamburgerstocustomers.Butperhapsthemostsignificantsuccessthatpeoplehaveachievedtodateisinmedicine.Theyhavemadehumanbodyparts,includingabeatingheart,with3Dprintingtechnology.Anditisnotjusthumanswhoarebenefiting—inBrazil,peoplehavegivenanew3D-printedshelltoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!Manythingsinourliveshavealreadybeenaffected,3D-printedhamburgershavebeenservedtocustomersinsomerestaurantsinLondon.Butperhapsthemostsignificantsuccessthathasbeenachievedtodateisinmedicine.Withinthenext80years,ourlivesmaybechangedbeyondrecognitionby3Dprinting.Ithasalreadyaffectedmanythingsinourlives,rightdowntothefoodweeat.Forinstance,somerestaurantsinLondonhaveserved3D-printedhamburgerstocustomers.Butperhapsthemostsignificantsuccessthatpeoplehaveachievedtodateisinmedicine.Theyhavemadehumanbodyparts,includingabeatingheart,with3Dprintingtechnology.Anditisnotjusthumanswhoarebenefiting—inBrazil,peoplehavegivenanew3D-printedshelltoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!Withinthenext80years,ourlivesmaybechangedbeyondrecognitionby3Dprinting.Ithasalreadyaffectedmanythingsinourlives,rightdowntothefoodweeat.Forinstance,somerestaurantsinLondonhaveserved3D-printedhamburgerstocustomers.Butperhapsthemostsignificantsuccessthatpeoplehaveachievedtodateisinmedicine.Theyhavemadehumanbodyparts,includingabeatingheart,with3Dprintingtechnology.Anditisnotjusthumanswhoarebenefiting—inBrazil,peoplehavegivenanew3D-printedshelltoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!Humanbodyparts,includingabeatingheart,havebeenmadewith3Dprintingtechnology.Anew3D-printedshellhasbeengiventoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!ImagineyouareDrMoore.Lookatthepicturesandtellthepoliceaboutthedamageandlosstoyourlab.Usethepresentperfectpassivewhereappropriate.

教学提示一般来说，主动语态和被动语态的选用应根据具体的情况而定。下面几种情况一般用被动语态。1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：

Such

books

have

been

written

for

children

.(儿童编写这类图书了。)2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：

All

these

products

have

been

tested

.（这些产品都经过测试了。)3）动作的执行者很模糊。例如：The

letter

has

been

opened

.（这封信被人拆开了。)4）有时为了礼貌的需要，避免说出动作的执行者。例如：

They

have

been

told

many

times

not

to

make

noises

.（已经有人多次跟他们说别那么大声了。)have/hasbeendone强调一个发生在过去的被动动作。表示动作已经完成，对现在造成的影响或结果；

主语为动作的承受者，与谓语动词是被动关系。一含义：(1)Thedoorhasbeenlocked.这个门被锁了。(2)Theseflowershavebeenwatered,andyoucangohome.

这些花已经被浇过了，你可以回家了。(3)Ourclassroomhasbeencleaned,soyouneedn'tcleanitnow.我们的教室已经被打扫过了，所以你现在不必打扫了。1.肯定式：主语＋have/has+been+done二、结构2.否定式：主语＋have/has+not+been+doneThewindowhasbeenbroken.窗户被打破了。Therobothasbeendamaged.机器人被损坏了Theinkhasnotbeenremovedfromhisovercoat.墨迹还没有从他的外套上去掉。3.一般疑问句:需将___________提到主语的前面。have/has肯定句：Hisbikehasbeenrepaired.一般疑问句：Hashisbikebeenrepaired?4.特殊疑问句：提问主语：提问其他：疑问词+have/has+主语＋been+done？特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？(1)Whohasbeeninvited?谁被邀请了？(2)Howmanybuildingshavebeenbuiltinthisschool?have/has+主语＋been+done...?三、用法及注意事项1.强调动作或状态始于过去，持续到现在，并对现在造成某种影响。常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“howlong...”句型中。(1)Themachinehasbeenrepairedfortwohours.这台机器已经被修理了两个小时了(2)Howlonghasthecarbeenrepaired?这辆车被修了多长时间了2.用在时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时刻已完成的动作。We'llstartassoonastheworkhasbeenfinished.这项工作一结束，我们就开始。3.副词的位置often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。(1)Suchamanhashardlybeenbelieved.这样的人几乎不被相信(2)Themachinehasalreadybeenrepaired.机器已经被修好了。4.不及物动词（词组）如happen,takeplace,die,appear没有被动语态，而不及物动词加介词或者副词构成的短语，相当于及物动词，可以用于被动语态。注意介词和副词不能丢掉。e.g.孩子们这些年被王奶奶照顾得很好。ThechildhasbeentakengoodcareofbyGrandmaWangalltheseyears.E1:课文原句展示：Nowlookforsentenceswiththepresentperfectpassiveinthereadingpassage.1.para.1,L4,TheNewAgeof...hasjustbeenpublished.2.para.3,L1,yetIguessyouhavebeenaskedaboutthetitleof...3.para.6,L5,importantadvanceshavebeenmadeinmedicine...4.para.8,L2,Newinventionslike3Dprintershavebeenused...5.para.9,L1,I'vealsobeentoldthatyou'reaninventoryourself.6.para.14,L2,Nothinglikethishasbeeninventedyetand...underlineandreadthemExercise2

:Rewritetheunderlinedpartsusingthepresentperfectpassive.(参考答案)1.Many

things

in

our

lives

_____________________________.2.3D-

printed

hamburgers

___________________to

customers

in

some

restaurants

in

London

.

3.But

perhaps

the

most

significant

success

that

_____________________

to

date

is

in

medicine

.

4.Human

body

parts

,

including

a

beating

heart

,

__________________with

3D

printing

technology

.

5.A

new

3D-

printed

shell

_________________to

a

turtle

injured

in

a

forest

fire

!have

already

been

affectedhave

been

servedhas

been

achievedhave

been

madehas

been

givenExercise3

:ImagineyouareDrMoore.Lookatthepicturesandtellthepoliceaboutthedamageandlosstoyourlab.Usethepresentperfectpassivewhereappropriate.(参考答案)1.The

lock

on

the

door

has

been

broken

.2.The

window

has

been

broken

.

3.My

two

laptops

have

been

stolen

.4.Beakers

and

test

tubes

have

been

destroyed

.

5.The

book

case

has

been

opened

,

and

some

files

have

been

taken

away

while

others

have

been

thrown

everywhere

.

6.The

robot

has

been

damaged

.Mylabhasbeenbrokeninto!My...烧杯试管手提电脑CareesinscienceP39-40Part2:Exercise4:

Whatdoyouknowaboutthesecareers?1.

A

physicist

is

a

person

who

does

research

connected

with

_________

or

who

studies

physics

.

2.A

mathematician

is

a

person

who

is

trained

in

the

study

of

____________________________.

3.A

chemist

is

a

person

who

does

research

connected

with

_________

or

who

studies

__________

.physicsnumbers

and

calculations

chemistrychemistryExercise4:4.An

astronomer

is

a

scientist

who

studies

_________,_________,

and

other

________________5.A

geographer

is

a

person

who

studies____________

or

is

an

expert

in

it

.

6.A

biologist

is

a

person

who

studies

or

works

in

the

field

of

________.the

stars

planetsnatural

objects

in

space

.

geographybiology1.

A

physicist

is

a

person

who

does

research

connected

with

physics

or

who

studies

physics

.

2.A

mathematician

is

a

person

who

is

trained

in

the

study

of

numbers

and

calculations

.

3.A

chemist

is

a

person

who

does

research

connected

with

chemistry

or

who

studies

chemistry

.4.An

astronomer

is

a

scientist

who

studies

the

stars

,

planets

,

and

other

natural

objects

in

space

.

5.A

geographer

is

a

person

who

studies

geography

or

is

an

expert

in

it

.

6.A

biologist

is

a

person

who

studies

or

works

in

the

field

of

biology

.ReadthemTipsLearningtolearnWordsaboutdifferentcareersinsciencecanbeformedbyadding-er,-ist,or-ianattheendofthewordsaboutsubjects,egbiology--biologist.参考答案1

astronomer

2

biologist

3

geographer

4

physicist

5

chemist

6

mathematicians

Exercise5:元朝郭守敬达尔文北魏郦道元居里夫人陈景润知识补充：郭守敬：元代天文学家、数学家、水利科学家、地理学家、仪器制造家。许多人都知道郭守敬在天文方面贡献卓著，却不知其实他在中国水利发展史上，也留下光辉的一页，并被称为“京杭大运河之父”。主要贡献在水利、仪象和历算三个领域。制定《授时历》，造天文测量仪器等。知识补充：郦道元：北魏著名地理学家、文学家，我国游记文学的开创者。他仕途坎坷，多次被下放和调任。基于需要和对地理的浓厚兴趣，罢官期间，他开始了著书之路。他长期进行实地考察，寻访历史古迹，观察水流地势，走寻探访各地的物产民俗、风土人情、历史兴衰和神话传说。经过认真研究分析、大量引进历史文献，倾尽毕生心血，《水经注》得以现世。在地理方面，这本书被称为中国古代最系统、最全面的综合性地理著作。郦道元以他对自然山水的热爱、渊博的知识、精彩的语言，生动形象的描写了祖国大好河山的壮丽，《水经注》流芳万世。自三峡七百里中，两岸连山，略无阙处。重岩叠嶂，隐天蔽日，自非亭午夜分，不见曦月。至于夏水襄陵，沿溯阻绝。或王命急宣，有时朝发白帝，暮到江陵，其间千二百里，虽乘奔御风，不以疾也。春冬之时，则素湍绿潭，回清倒影，绝巘多生怪柏，悬泉瀑布，飞漱其间，清荣峻茂，良多趣味。每至晴初霜旦，林寒涧肃，常有高猿长啸，属引凄异，空谷传响，哀转久绝。故渔者歌曰：“巴东三峡巫峡长，猿鸣三声泪沾裳。”（巘，读音同眼，山的意思）InventionstoriesP41Part3:Didyouknow?Alzheimer

'

s

disease

is

a

brain

disorder

that

causes

problems

with

memory

,

thinking

and

behaviour.The

majority

of

people

with

Alzheimer

'

s

are

65

and

above.It

is

recognised

as

the

most

common

mental

disease

among

older

people,

and

the

number

of

sufferers

is

growing.Curr