考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷623

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷623

一、阅读（补全短文）（本题共20题，每题分，共

20分。）

[A]Haveenoughinformation|B]ListentoyourGremlin[C|Testthemagainstyour

values[D]Respectyourdoubts[ElTrustyourgut[FlWeighupthepro'sandcon's[G]Il

justdoesn'tmatterSomeyearsagoIrememberstandinginmykitchen,staringsilentlyat

myboxesofcereal,tryingtodecidewhichtohavefbrbreakfast.Istoodtherefor5

minutes,until—utterlyfrustrated—Imarchedoutofthehouseandwentwithout.

FortunatelyI'velearnedtomakedecisionsmorequicklyandmoreeasilynow,andwhenI

noticethatsecond-guessinganddoubtingstartingtokickin,Ikickitrightback.Sohere

are5waystomakeconfidentdecisions.[RI]Somanytimeswehaveto

makedecisionswithoutaframeworkandnoway（ojudgebetweentwochoices.When

facedwithatrickydecisionit'softenagoodideatolineupyourchoicesandask"Which

oneofthesemosthonorstheihingsthatmeanthemosttome?"Thedecisionthat'smost

inlinewiththethingsthatmeanthemosttoyou—yourcorevalues—willbethebest

decisionforyou.Thatmightnotbethesimplestormostpractical,butbecauseitfitswith

whoyouareandwhat'smostimportanttoyouitwillalwaysbethebestdecisionfbryou.

[R2]WhenIwasgrowingupIusedtoloverainySundayafternoons

watchingCokimbo（anAmericancrimefictionTVseries）.WnatColumbohadbundlesof

wasagreattrustinhisintuition.Ineveryepisode,fromtheverymomenthefirstmeets

thebadguy,heknows"whodunit',—andhealwaystruststhatSolookatwhatyour

intuitiontellsyouisthe'rightdecisionforyou.Forgetaboutallthe"Whatifs"andthe

myriad,tinydetails—whatisyourguttellingyou?Listentoyourintuition,itknowswhat

it'stalkingabout.[R3]Mydecisionbetweenbreakfastcerealswasn'ta

bigdeal.WhicheveroneIchose,therewerenevergoingtobeanyhugeconsequences

andtheripplesfromthatdecisionwouldn'thavebeenfeltmuchfurtherthantheendof

myspuon.Sonicliincsitjuslducsn'lmalleiwliiuhwayyougc.Il'seasytogelwrappedup

insecond-guessingyourself,goingroundincirclesandover-complicatingthings,

when——ifyougetrightdowntoit——itjustdoesn'tmatter.Goingroundincirclesisonly

goingtomakeyoudizzy,sostopit.Askyourselfthisquestion—ifyourfuturehappiness

wasn'tdependentonyourdecision,whichwaywouldyougo?[R4]Go

andgetthefactsbeforeyoumakeacomplexdecision.Byallmeansweighupthepro's

andcon'ssothatyoucangetanunderstandingofwhat'sbehindachoice.Butbe

careful—there'sahugedifferencebetweenknowingenoughtomakeachoice,and

knowingeverythingtomakeachoice.Whenyoufeelyourselfpursuingeveryfactor

everypieceofinformationbeforeyoumakeadecision,stopyourself.Ask"WhatdoI

reallyneedtoknowtomakethisdecision?"andfocusyoureffortsongettingthebest

iiifuiiiiiiliuniclativclyquickly.【R5】Wcallnatuiallyshyawayfiom

change,andwe'vedevelopedawholebunchoftricksthatmakeiteasyforustoavoid

makingdecisionsandstayexactlywhereweare.Thaipanofyouisoftencalledthe

"Gremlin",andit'sthepartofyouthatwouldratheravoidmakingdecisionsaltogether

raftertitanruntheriskofmakingabadoneorscrewingup.YourGremlinisnotthesame

thingashavingdoubts,whicharcvalidconcernsaboutapossiblecourseofaction,or

reasonableconcernsaboutwhatmightbeinstore.Yourdoubtscanhelpyoupreparefor

changeandgetreadyforwhatcouldhappen.YourGremlinisadeptatfeedingonyour

doubtsandusingthemtogetyoutostayput,soknowingthedifferencebetweenyour

Gremlinandyourvaliddoubtshelpsyouclarifywhat'srealandwhat'simagined,what's

relevantandwhal'sirrelevant.

1、[RI]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本段多次提到thethingsthatmeanthemost,后义中通过破折号给出解

释：“最重要的"也就是“核心价值观”(yourcorevalues),以告诉读者做选择时要与

核心价值观作比较衡量，由此可见正确答案为C。

2、[R2]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：本段先通过作者观看电视剧的经历得出结论：相信直觉(agreattrust

inhisintuition),然后段末重申该结论：要lislenloyourinluilion,也就是E中的

Trustyourguto对gut•词不熟悉的考生可以通过whatisyourguttellingyou猜出

gut在该情景中的大致意义，即“本能反应，直觉”。

3、[R3]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：该段首句已经给出该段的中心意思：wasnKabigdeal,即“根本不是

什么大事儿接下来段中又提到Sometimesitjustdoesn'tmatterwhichwayyou

go,这时考生可以确认答案为G。

4、[R4]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本段讲述的是通过重点搜集必要信息来帮助做出决定，但不是所有信

息(everypieceofinformation),因此选A。

5、[R5]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：该段引出了Gremlin一词，并将其解释为“逃避做决定，保持现

状”(avoidmakingdecisionsandstayexactlywhereweare)。作者认为这种观念是不可

取的：Gremlinisnotthesamethingashavingdoubts；作者认为havingdoubts是“合

理的担心”(reasonableconcerns),并不是'‘逃避做决定”，D的Respectyourdoubts说

的是要尊重怀疑，与该段大意正好相符。

[A]Gettingcarriedawaywiththeculture[B]Carryingvastamountofluggage[C]

Slayingonllicroadloolung[D]Wearingsexyclothing[E]JudgingotherUavclcrs[F]

Failingtorespectthelocalculture[G]ExpectingeverythingtogotoplanThereisno

doubt(hattourismprovidesapositiveimpactontouristspots.1(createsqualityjobsfor

thelocalcommunity,revivesthelocalcultureratherthandestioyingit,andencourages

theprotectionandrestorationoftheenvironment.Yetnoteverytravelerwillreceive

warmwelcome.Onthecontrary,someupsetthelocalsandmakefellowtravelersretreat.

Hereisalistedsomeofthedeadliestsinsoftravel.Prayyoudon'tcommitthem.[RI]

OK,travelingforlongperiodsoftimeishardlyasin,providedyou're

spendingsomecash,butifyoustayawaylongerthanyoumeantto,itcanturnyouintoa

less-than-agrecabletraveler.Youstarttothinkthateveryoneyoumeetisouttoripyou

off,yougetalittletooconfidentwhensomeonehelpsthemselvestoaspotaheadofyou

inlineandthelanguagebarrierstartstobeanannoyingheadacheratherthanan

entertainingchallenge.[R2]Andatsomepointwe'reallguiltyofsaying

yestoacoupleofculturalno-nossuchasnotmoderatingtheirclothingastheyheadfrom

theshelteredenvironmentofthehotelpooltothewiderworldofEgypt'stombs.But

sometimesthosewho'vebeenwanderingtheworldforgreatlengthsoftimefeelthatthey

knowitallandcandonowrong.Remembersexyclothing,chuggingbeerandgrabbing

yourboyfriend'sasscouldwelloffendafewlocals.Andifyou'veupsetthelocals,it'llbe

(henextgroupoftravelerswhopay.[R3]Envelopingyourselfinlocal

customsispartofthereasonwetravel.Wewanttosampleoriginalflavors,seeunusual

architecture,learnforeigntonguesandexperiencethenewtraditionsthatcomewitha

differentreligion.Butsometravelersgotoofar:theyputonthelocaltraditionalclothes

togoabouttheirdailyaffairs,wouldneverdreamofeatingahamburgerandfrownatthe

verynotionofsocializingwithoneoftheircountrymen.Respectingacultureisonething,

butadoplingitasyouiowncansomcliincscauseoffence.Plusyoulookridiculous.

[R4]Nomatterhowmanyyearsyou'vebeentravelingtheglobe,things

willalwaysgowrong.Trainswillbreakdown,hotelswillfillup,attractionswillcloseon

theonlydayyoucouldpossiblyvisitandfoodpoisoningwillputyououtofactionjustas

youhadsomelife-affirmingadventureplanned.Thekeyistoacceptthesetbacksasa

naturalpartofyouradventure.Expectingeverythingtorunsmoothlyistosetfootonthe

roadtodisappointmentandawaytoruinyour(rip.[R5]Travelsnobsare

peoplewhoconsiderthemselvessuperiorforawealthofbizarrereasons.Theytravelfor

longer,roughitmore,strayfurtherfromthebeatentrackorsimplycarrylessluggageand

thereforefeeltheneedtolookdownonanyonewhodoesn'tmeettheirstandards.Who

caresifsomeoneoptsforpackagetoursorcarriesvastamountsofdesignerluggageto

theirfive-scarhotels?Ifyouspendyourtimesortingoutthegoodtravelersfromthebad,

youruntheriskofruiningyourtrip.

6、[RI]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本段关键信息为首句中的stayawaylongerthanyoumeantto以及turn

youintoaless-than-agreeabletraveler,即如果在旅游景区逗留太长时间，会把自己

变成不招人喜欢的游客。由此可知,C项Stayingontheroadtoolong(在旅途中停留

太长时间)是本段的小标题。

7、[R2]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：本段首句提到了guiltyofsayingyesto...culturalno-nos（对当地的文化

禁忌置之不理），下文又提到一些会冒犯当地人的行为，由此可知，F项Failingto

respectthelocalcullure（不尊重当地文化）是本段想要指出的误区。

8、[R3]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本段前两句指出应尊重当地文化，第三句转折词But后的内容才是本

段的关键信息。该句指出，sometravelersgoloofar（有些游客的行为过火了），下文

接着列举了一些游客过度接受当地文化的行为，如穿上民族服装处理日常事务等，

故A项Gettingcarriedawaywiththecultllre（过于沉浸于当地文化）是本段想要传达

的文意。

9、[R4]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：由段中的thingswillalwaysgowrong以及Expectingeverythingtorun

smoothlyis...toruinyourtrip可知，G项Expectingeverythingtogotoplan（期望所有

事情都按计划进行）是本段提醒旅行者应避免的误区。

10、[R5]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：本段的中心在末句Ifyouspendyourtimesortingoutthegoodtravelers

fromthebad,you…（如果你把时间花在判断哪些旅行者好，哪些旅行者不好身上，

你就...），E项Judgingothertravelers（评判其他旅行者）是该段提醒旅行者应避免

的误区。

Evenifitweretopass,anairlinepassengerbillofrightsisn'tgoingtosavemosttravelers

fromenduringdelaysattheairport-especiallyduringthisbusysummertravelseason,

whenairplaneswillhenearoratfullcapacityandtheusualonslaughtofstormysummer

weatherisexpected."It'sgoingtobeachallenge.Thesearcallingredientsfordelay,"

saysDavidCastelveter,spokesmanfortheAirTransportAssociation,whichrepresents

90%ofallU.S.commercialairlines.Buttravelerscanimprovetheiroddsofavoiding

major（roublesbyusingtheselipssuggestedbyairlineexperts.1.BookflightswiselyThe

U.S.DepartmenlofTransponation（DOT）recommendsthatpassengersscheduletheir

flightsfbrearlyintheday,whichare（heleastlikely（obedelayed.2.Beasavvypacker

Knowwhatyoucanandcan'ttakewithyouinyourcarry-onbaggage,aslistedbythe

TransportationSecurityAdministration.3.KnowtheshortcutsPassengerscanavoid

longlinesbyprintingoute-ticketsathomeandcheckinginattheairline'selectronic

kiosks.4.KnowwhatyouareentitledtoIfrequested,allairlinesmustpresenttheir

passengerswithaContractofCarriage,whichoutlineswhatrightsapassengerhavein

theeventofadelayorcancellation.5.Ifallelseisfailing,rememberRule240Rule240

isanagreementbetweentheairlinesthattheywillhonoranotherairline'sticketifthey

havethemeanstodoso.Finally,learnhowtocountto10.Keepingcooliskey.Airline

representativesandflightattendantswillbemoreresponsivetoarespectfulpassenger,

andhostilepassengersmayonlymakethesituationworseforthemselves.[A]liquidsand

gelsareofspecialconcern.Ifcarriedon,(heymustbelessthan3ounceseach,allkept

togetherinonly1quart-sizedplasticbag,andscannedindividuallybysecurity.

Castelvetcrrecommendsthattravelerskeeptheirbagwiththeliquidsandgelsatthetop

oftheircarry-onluggage,sosecuritypersonnel"don'thavetogodiggingthroughthemat

thesecuritycounter."[B]IfUnitedAirlineshascanceleditsflighttoChicagobut

AmericanAirlines'flighttoChicagoisstillscheduledtodepart,apassengercouldask

AmericantohonoritsUnitedticket.Ofcourse,thistacticdoesn'talwayswork,especially

withcheapertickets.[C]Intheeventofaflightcancellation,linesat(heticketcounter

maybelong,sogettingonthephonewiththeairline'sreservalionhotlinedoublesa

passenger'schancesofgettingonanotherflight.[D]Trytoscheduleatleastanhour

betweenconnectingflights,especiallyiftheyarewithdifferentairlines.Andbookwith

airlinesthathaveastrongtrackrecordofontimearrivals,aschartedmonthlybythe

DOT.[E]Dependingon(heairlineandthecircumstances,apassengermayreceivea

travelvoucher,cashreimbursement,hotelaccommodationsandalternativemeansof

transportationtotheirdestination.AfteritsmassivedelaysinFebruary—includingthe

strandingofnineairplanesonaJFKtarniacforuptotenhours—JetBluepresenteda

Customer'sBillofRights,whichentitlespassengersto$25travelvouchersfordelaysas

littleasonehour(depending,ofcourse,onthecircumstances).[F]Passengerscanalso

speedupsecuritylinesbykeepingtheirID'shandyatalltimes.

11、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据本段小标题，本段给出的是预定机票的建议，纵观所有选项，只

有D给出的两个建议是关于预订机票的，D中出现的schedule...anhour和book

with...等词都与预订机票有关，故本题选D。

12、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本段讲述如何打包行李，乘客应知道whatyoucanandcan，ltake

with,由此可以推测下文应该具体说明允许或禁止携带的物品，A提到的液体和凝

胶体的携带正与此相符，其中提到的carry-onluggage也与文中的carry-onbaggage

对应，故本题选A。

13、

标准答案：F

知识点解析：本段标题中fitshortcut意为“捷径”，即最快速的方法，F中说到了加

快安检速度(speedupsecuritylines)的方法，可知F为正确答案。

14、

标准答案：E

知识点解析：标题中beentitledto意为“有……的权利”，即乘客需要了解自己的权

利。文中提到“运输合同”(ContractofCarriage)中说明了在航班延误情况卜.乘客享有

的权利，据此推测下文讲的应该是乘客享有权利的具体内容。E说到了乘客在延误

情况下可以得到travelvoucher、cashreimbursementhotelaccommodations等赔

偿，与文意相符，故为答案。

15、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本段主要介绍了“240条款”，即航空公司在有条件的情况下，可以承

兑另一家航空公司的机票，那么下文的内容应该是对此条款的具体说明。B以

AmericanAirlines可承兑UnitedAirlines的机票为例说明此条款,符合文意,故答

案为Bo

Whenisitpermissibletotellalie?Never,accordingtoAugustineandKant.Machiavelli

approvedlyingforprinces,Nietzschefortheexceptionalhero一theSuperman.Most

otherphilosophers,andordinaryfolk,arelesscertain,allowingsomelies,butnotothers.

Aftersome2,500yearsofmoralspeculation,saysPhilosopherSisselaBok,mankindis

stilltryingtoworkoutgroundrulesforacceptablelying.1.Mentalreservationasatype

oflying.Inhernewbook,Lying,Boktracesthehistoryofconvolutedargumentsonthe

subject.Forinstance,casuistsinventedthe"mentalreservation/'2.Casuallying

frequentlyusedinAmerica.Mostnormsonlying,Bokwrites,growoutofelaborate

moralsystemsofthoughtthat"areoftenelegantinoperation,nobleindesign.Butwhen

wehavetomakedifficultconcretemoralchoices,theygiveuslittlehelp."In(heabsence

ofclearsocialguidelines,casuallyinghasbecomeentrenchecinAmerica.3.Lying

acceptedinacademiccircle.Bokalsoarguesthatlyingisnowanacceptedpartofmany

professions,includinglawandthebehavioralsciences.4.Lyinginjournalism.Boksees

problemsinjournalismtoo.ThoseliesreportedonTVornewspapers,shemaintains,

werenotclearlynecessaryandmayencourageotherreporterstousesuchtactics

routinely.ReportersBernsteinandWoodward,however,seemeduntroubledby"the

wholefabricofdeception".5.Shouldpoliticalliesbeapproved?Bythisstandard,she

argues,politicalliesarerarelyjustifiable."Ifgovernmentduplicityistobeallowedin

exceptionalcases,"Bokconcludes,"thecriteriafortheseexceptionsshouldthemselves

beopenlydebatedandpubliclychosen.Otherwisegovernmentleaderswillhavefreerein

tomanipulateanddistortthefacts."Thenwhatkindsofliesshouldbepermitted?Bok's

answer,onlythoseapprovedinadvancebythegeneralpublic.Bokfeelsthatdoctors

shouldstopvirtuallyalllyingtopatients,universitiesshouldrootoutfraudulentand

deceptiveresearch,andgovernmentofficialsshouldbeexpected(ostickto(hetruth.Her

point:thepublicisnowsocynicalaboutbeingliedtothatonlyextraordinaryeffortsto

avoidlyingwillrestoreafeelingoftrust.Or,asMarkTwainonceobserved,"Alwaysdo

right.Thiswillgratifysomepeople,andastonishiherest."[A]Forinstance,theyusedlo

uncovertheWatergatescandal.[B|SocialPsychologistJeraldJellisonestimatesthatthe

averageAmericanoutstripsPinocchiobytelling200liesaday,includingwhiteliesand

falseexcuses("SorryI'mlate.Iwastiedupattheoffice"