考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷99

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷99

一、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分，共20分。）

InventorDeanKamentooktheflooratHarvardBusinessSchooltodiscussideas,

governmentregulation,andtheplightoftheinventor—buthiswasn'tanordinary

podium.KamendeliveredhisremarksatophismovingSegwayHumanTransporter—

recentlyfeaturedonthecoverofTimemagazine-toapackedhouseeagertogetafirst

lookatthemosthypedinventionsincecoldfusion.Withhisbulkyblackbriefcase

perchedbesidehim,Kamencalmlydemonstratedhisinvention-alsoknownas

Ginger-to350peopleattheHBSCyberposium2002technologyconferenceon

February10.Kamen,dressedinjeansandflannel-linedjeanjacket,quietlymotoredback

andforthatthefrontofthecarpetedauditoriumanddeliveredhiskeynoteremarks

straightup,withoutnotes.Referringaffectionatelytohisgray-coloredtransporteras"this

thing",hediscussedhisinvention'svirtuesandwhatheconsidersitspotentially

revolutionaryeffectonhumantransportation,aswellasthetrialsandsatisfactionsof

beinganinventorandanentrepreneur.Afterayearofmediahype,thedevicewas

unveiledinearlyDecember.Kamen'scompanyplansversionsofthedevicefor

consumersandcorporateclients.Asthecreatorofavehiclethatiselectricallypowered

andproducesnoemissions,Kamen,acareerinventorwith150patents,alsousedthe

opportunitytotakeafewjabsattheoverlycomplicatedenergybusiness.Atonepointhe

fellintoabriefriffonthefinequalitiesofenergypropertiesbeforeassuringtheaudience,

dryly,HNoneofitisascomplicatedastryingtounderstandanelectricbill."Kamen

presentedhimselfasExhibitAinthemythoftherabidlysuccessfulentrepreneur.

Directinghismessagetowardaspiringentrepreneursintheaudience,hesaidthereare

certainlyrewardstotheentrepreneuriallifebutit'snotalifeeveryonecanstand."The

wordentrepreneurisassociatedwithsuccessandadventure.Frommylife,theonlything

Icantellyouthat'sconsistentlyassociatedwithcntrcprcncurshipisfailure,andtheonly

thingconsistentlyassociatedwithinventionisfrustration,"hesaid."Thereisalongroad

betweentheideaandthereality."

1、WelearnfromthefirstparagraphthatKamen.

A、worksforHarvardBusinessSchool

B、dressesveryfashionably

C^isaninventor

D、isaprofessor

标准答案：C

知识点解析：属事实细节题。从第一段开头我们可以知道，卡门是位发明家。

2、Thespeechdescribedinthearticle.

A、wasgivenwithoutnotes

B、wasonlyattendedbyafewpeople

C^wascoveredbyTimemagazine

D、lastedforoveranhour

标准答案：A

知识点解析：属事实细节题。从第二段末尾我们知道，卡门所做的演讲是脱稿的。

3、Wecaninferfromthearticlethatbeforebeingofficiallyintroduced,Kamen's

invention

A^wasresearchedheavilyformanyyears

B>waswidelyreportedonbythemedia

C^wasthoughttobeahoax

D、wasknownonlyas"Ginger"

标准答案：B

知识点解析：属信息推断题。第一段末尾讲到：“他们急于对这项自冷聚变以来宣

传最多的发明先睹为快。''这说明，虽然宣传很多，但观众还没有见过。由此可

知，媒体报道在先，正式推出在后。

4、Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutKamen?

A、Hisinventionismarketedexclusivelytocorporateclients.

B、Hehasover150patents.

C^HebelievesthathisSegwaymightrevolutionizehumantransportation.

D^Hehasgrayhair.

标准答案：c

知识点脑析：属事实细节题。根据第三段可知，卡门认为这项发明对人员运输具有

革命性影响。

5、Kamenbelievesthattheentrepreneuriallife.

A^istheonlywaytosucceedinmodernAmerica

B、isalwaysfrustrating

C、isnotforeveryone

D^isoftenmisrepresentedinthemedia

标准答案：C

知识点解析：属信息推断题。在第六段，卡门认为企业家的生活不是人人都可以忍

耐的生活。这表明他认为企业家的生活并不适合于每个人。

Communicationisadynamicprocesswiththeinteractingcomponentsofsending,

receivingandfeedback.Nonverbalcuesmayprovideclarityorcontradictionfora

messagebeingsent.Ifanironicstatementismadewithasmile,thereceiverknowsto

findithumorousinsteadofdisconcerting.Ifwcarcsendingaverbalmessageintending

todeceiveandavertoureyes,thereceiverknowswemaybelying.Nonverbalcuesalso

influencehowweperceiveandareperceived.Familiarfacesmaymakeusmorelikelyto

startarelationshipandcontinueit.Nervousfacialexpressionhindersother'sperception

ofourcompetenceandpersuasiveness.Nonverbalcuescanprovideinformationwemay

notwantdispelled.Ourdecodingabilityarisesatayoungageandincreasesasweget

older,influencingourdailyliveswhetherweareawareofitornot.Nonverbal

communicationhasmanyfunctionsinthecommunicationprocess.Ilregulates

relationshipsandmaysupportorreplaceverbalcommunication.Amongthemanyfactors

contributingtononverbalcommunicationaresendingandreceivingabilityandaccuracy,

perceptionofappropriatesocialroles,andcognitivedesireforinterpersonalinvolvement

orassessment.Difficultiesmayariseifcommunicatorsareunawareofthetypesof

messagestheyaresendingandhowthereceiverisinterpretingthosemessages.

Discrepancymayalsoariseifthesender'smessagedocsnotfitthereceiver'sperception

ofsocialnormsfortheparticularsituation.Allpartiesinvolvedmustdesireinteractionin

orderforreciprocalcommunicationtooccur.Researchinnonverbalcommunication

providesawarenessandpossiblesolutionstomanycommunicationproblems.The

ambiguousnatureofemotioncreatesawidevarietyofpossibleinterpretationsforboth

senderandreceiver.Ourabilitytononverballycommunicateaccuratelyisinhibitedby

internalandexternalproperties.Humansdonotdisplaypureemotion.Ouraffective

statesareamixtureofvaryingquantitiesandstrengthofemotion.The

neurophysiologicalcompositionofthehumanbodydefinesourabilitytoconvey

opposingandoverlappingemotionsatthesametime.Forexample,angerisoften

accompaniedbyanxietyandfear.Theemotionaloverlapoftencreatesconfusing

messagesforthereceiver.Generallythereisnotathoroughunderstandingofourown

states.Studieshaveshownthatafewemotions,suchashappiness,sadness,angerand

fear,canbedistinguishedcross-culturally.Otherbehavioralmanifestationsofemotionlie

onacontinuum,definedbythecommunicator'sculturalbackground.

6、Itcanbelearnedfromthearticlethat.

A、scientistsarcclosetoreachingafullunderstandingofcommunication

B、communicationismadeupofseveralinteractingelements

C、wearemorelikelytostartrelationshipswithpeoplewhotreatusfriendly

D、communicationrequiresirony

标准答案：B

知识点解析：属事实细节题。第一段首句告诉我们，交流由几个相互作用的组成部

分构成。

7、Accordingtotheauthor,nonverbalcues.

A^areprimarilyusedfordeception

B、arcnotusedmuchbychildren

C、caninfluencehowweareperceivedbyothers

D^arenotusuallyusedinsuccessfulrelationships

标准答案：C

知识点解析：属事实细节题。笫一段指出，非言语信号影响我们为他人认识的方

式。

8、Accordingtothetext,whenmightcommunicationdifficultiesarise?

A、Whenthemessagessentdonotfitthesocialnormsexpectedbythereceiver.

B>Whenthereismutualdistrustbetweentheinvolvedparties.

C>Whenthepartiesinvolvedstronglydesireinteraction.

D^Whenthepartiesinvolvedfailtousenonverbalcues.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：属事实细节题。第二段明确谈到：“如果发出者的信息与接收者对特

定场景社会准则的认识不相符，还会出现龊酷。”

9、Theword"ambiguous"(line1,para.3)mostprobablymeans"

A、understandable

13、multi-tacctcd

C、uncertain

D^alternative

标准答案：C

知识点解析：属词义推断题。根据后续提示可以做出判断。后面接着讲到，情感会

产生大量可能的理解，说明情感是不明确的，故此可判定ambiguous与uncertain

意义相近。

10、Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythetext?

A、Humanscandisplaypureemotion.

B、Angerisalwaysaccompaniedbyeitheranxietyorfear.

C、Culturaldifferencescanbeeasilyovercome.

D、Someemotionscanbedistinguishedcross-culturally.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：属事实细节题。在第三段结尾部分，作者指出，有些情感可以在不同

文化之间加以区别。

Mostofthefundamentalchangesinourmodernsocietyandwayoflifehavebeen

broughtabout,directlyorindirectly,bytechnology.Thelistofchangesislongand

varied:fromthenatureofwar-wayfromnuclearcontrontationtowardterrorismand

low-intensityconflicts—totheglobalizationofmanufacturingandservices;fromthe

Internetandinslantandubiquitouscommunicationsthatchallengetraditionalterritorial

sovereignty,tothewidespreaddemiseofpyramidalhierarchies;fromtheurbanizationof

overhalfoftheworld'spopulation,tothegrowinggapbetweentheinformationrichand

theinformationpoor.Inrecentyears,anumberofsignificanteffortshavebeen

undertakentoaddresstheissueofscientificliteracy,includingtheambitiousprojecton

sciencestandardsoftheNationalResearchCouncil(1996).Buttheparallelquestionof

technologicalliteracyremainslargelyunaddressedinspiteofitsimportance.Inthe

populationatlargeandinthemedia,scienceandtechnologyarestillconfusedwitheach

other.Manyschoolsoftenintendfortechnologicalliteracyjusttheabilitytouse

computers—fartoonarrowaview.Thefundamentaldifferencebetweenscienceand

technologyisignoredornotappreciated.Itisthedifferencebetweenunderstandingand

modifyingnature,betweensearchingforthewhysofnatureandengineeringtheartifacts

thatrespondtoourneedsandextendourcapabilities.Therearcseriousdangersinthis

lackofliteracy.Citizenswillremaindisenfranchisedunlesstheylearnhowtoeffectively

accessanduseinformation.Societyasawholewillbeunabletorespondtothegreat

challengesofthefuturewithoutatleastamodicumofunderstanding,atthegrassroots,

ofthenatureoftechnology,oftheopportunitiesandrisksthattechnologypresentstous,

andofhowtointelligentlyguideandusetechnologicalinnovations.Giventhedynamics

ofsocietyandtechnology,theachievementoftechnologicalliteracywillrequire

considerableeffortatmultiplelevels.ItmustbecomeagoalnotonlyfortheK-12

system,butalsoforschoolsofeducation.Afterall,howcanweexpectteacherstoconvey

tostudentstheexcitinginterplayamongmath,science,andengineeringthatmakes

possibleourtechnologicalworldiftheylacksuchanappreciationthemselves?

11、Accordingtotheauthor,technology.

A、isthekeytoeliminatingthegapbetweentherichandthepoor

B>hasledtomanyofsociety'sfundamentalchanges

C、isliterate

D>hascausedwartobefocusedmoreheavilyonnuclearconfrontation

标准答案：B

知识点解析：属事实细节题。文章开头首先指出：“我们现代社会和生活方式的大

多数根本性的变革都是直接或间接地由技术带来的。”

12、Theauthorbelievesthatscientificliteracy.

A^isoftenconfusedwithtechnologicalliteracy

B、isthesamethingastechnologicalliteracy

C、isasubsetoftechnologicalliteracy

D^isnotasimportantastechnologicalliteracy

标准答案：A」

知识点解析：属事实细节题。在第二段，作者指出：“大多数人和媒体仍对科学和

技术混淆不清。”

13、Aconsequenceofthelackoftechnologicalliteracyisthat.

A、sciencebecomesmoreimportantthantechnology

societywillnotbeabletorespondtofuturechallenges

Cscomputersdon'tplayanimportantroleinmanypeople'slives

D、somepeoplearetechnologicallyilliterate

标准答案：B

知识点解析：属事实细节题。第三段讲到，如果缺乏技术素养，“全体社会就无法

应对未来的巨大挑战。”

14、Whydoestheauthorsuggestthatachievementoftechnologicalliteracyshouldbea

goalforschoolsofeducation?

A、Becausemanyteacherslacktheproperappreciationoftechnology.

B、Becausemath,science,andengineeringareallimportantaspectsofeducation.

C、Becauseteachersmustbetechnologicallyliterateinordertoteachstudentstobe

technologicallyliterate.

D、Becausetechnologicalliteracyisanimportantgoalforthecomingcentury.

标准答案：c

知识点0析：属逻辑关系题。在最后一段，作者先提出，技术素养必须成为学校的

目标。接下去乂用反问的形式说明老师必须具有科学素养才能教给学生科学素养。

两处信息应为前果后因的关系。

15、Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthecurrentlackoftechnologicalliteracy?

A、Petrified.

B、Alarmed.

C、Satisfied.

D、Uncertain.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：属态度推断题。作者在第三段讲到缺乏科学素养的危害，表明作者对

缺乏科学素养感到忧虑。

Whodoesn'twelcomethesweetoblivionofagoodnight'ssleep?Thesadreality,

however,isthatadecentslumberisincreasinglyhardtocomeby.Theaverageadult

sleepsanhourandahalflessnowcomparedwithmorethanacenturyago,thankstothe

Internet,e-mail,cellphonesand24-hourentertainmentthatalltakebitesoutofthesleep

cycle.Ifyouneedincentivetoputsomeofthosehoursbackintoit,considerthis:the

amountofsleepyougetmayendangeryourlife.That'stheconclusionreachedbyanew

studyconductedinBritainatUniversityCollegeLondonMedicalSchool.Researchhas

longdocumentedthatpeoplemaypayforshorterslumberwithashorterlifespan.Sleep

isthebody'sopportunitytorestandrepairwhatthedayhaswrought,andifyourheartis

workingatits3p.m.ratewhentheclockhits3a.m.,it'ssimplygoingtowearoutfaster.

Inthenewstudy,epidemiologistJaneFerriequestioned7,700Britishcivilservantsabout

theirsleephabitsoveraneight-yearperiodandfoundthatthosewhosleptsixtoeight

hoursnightlyatthebeginningofthestudybutdecreasedtheamountofresttheygotby

theendofitincreasedtheirriskofdyingfromheartdisease110%,"Whenyousleep,

yourbloodpressuredrops,yourheartratedrops,andtheheartdoesn'thavetoworkas

much,"explainsDr.LawrenceEpstein,medicaldirectoroftheSleepHealthCentersin

Boston.Thenaturalanswertogettingtoolittlesleepistosleepmore-perhapsalot

more.Butholdon.Ferriefoundthatshortsleeperswhoslepteachnightforfivehoursor

lessdidindeeddecreasetheiroverallriskofdyingwithineightyearswhentheysnagged

twotothreemorehoursofsleepanightbytheendofthestudy.Butoncetheystarted

pilinguptoomuchsleep,crossingthelinetoninehoursormoredaily,theriskof

dying—notfromheartdiseasebutfromothercauses—risesthesame110%.Toofew

subjectsinFeme'sstudyfellintothiscategoryforhertoofferexplanationsofthe

findings,butotherswillundoubtedlyinvestigatehowexcessivesleepcancontributeto

healthproblems.

16、WecanlearnfromParagraph1that.

A、theaverageadultsleepsoneandahalfhourslessthanlastcentury

B、24-hourentertainmentoffersthosewhocan'Isleepawaytokilltime

C^lackofsleepmayhannone'shealthandeventhreatenhis/lierlife

D、peoplealwaysdon'thavetheincentivetogetmoresleep

标准答案：c

知识点露析：属信息推断题。选项A犯了偷梁换柱的错误，第一段中指出现在人

们的平均睡眠时间比100年前(acenturyago)短了一个半小时，而不是比上个世纪

(lastcemury)短了一个半小时，故错误。选项B犯了曲解文意的错误，作者指出24

小时播放的娱乐节目等都让人们睡得少了，与选项B所表达的内容不符，故错

误。选项D犯了移花接木的错误，用原文内容拼凑而成，故错误。选项C可在第

一段第四句中找到，故正确。

17、TheunderlinedwordinParagraph1means.

A、obligation

B、sleep

C^hibernation

D、vacation

标准答案：B

知识点解析•：属词义推断题。文章第一句指出人们都希望能睡个好觉，第二句的

“however”表示此句为第一句内容的转折，第二句意为“…越来越难以实现“，修饰

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