2025中考英语12.主题阅读-科学技术(解析版)

12.主题阅读-科学技术知识积累知识积累一、主题阐释科学技术类阅读在初中英语阅读中占据重要地位，它‌不仅拓宽学生的知识视野，还激发他们对科技的兴趣与探索欲‌。这类主题阅读呈现如下特点：（1）‌内容广泛‌：这类阅读通常涵盖人工智能、新技术应用、环保科技等多个前沿领域，如介绍中国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统、人工智能公园、无人机技术等，让学生了解到科技的最新进展和实际应用。（2）‌贴近生活‌：通过阅读，学生能看到科技如何改变日常生活，比如电动汽车的发展、AI在天气预报中的应用、VR技术让游客体验传统文化等，这些都能引发学生的共鸣和思考‌。（3）‌培养思维‌：科学技术类阅读还常常涉及科技的优缺点分析，如人工智能的利弊、新技术带来的挑战等，这有助于培养学生的批判性思维和问题解决能力‌。科学技术类阅读不仅能增加学生的词汇量，提升阅读理解能力，还能激发他们对科技的好奇心和探索精神。二、语篇特征1.科技主题鲜明‌科学技术类语篇以科学技术为核心主题，可能涉及最新的科技发明、科学原理、技术应用或科学研究等方面。通过介绍科技知识，旨在激发学生对科学技术的兴趣和探索欲望。2内容准确严谨‌科学技术类阅读语篇的内容需要准确严谨，确保所传递的科技信息真实可靠。这类语篇通常会引用科学研究数据、实验结果或专家观点，以增强内容的权威性和可信度。3语言简洁明了‌由于科学技术类内容可能涉及专业术语和复杂概念，因此这类语篇的语言往往力求简洁明了，避免过于晦涩难懂。作者会尽量用通俗易懂的语言解释科技知识，以便学生能够轻松理解。4结构逻辑清晰‌科学技术类阅读语篇通常结构逻辑清晰，按照一定的顺序或层次展开。可能先介绍背景知识，然后阐述科技原理或应用，最后总结科技的意义和影响。这样的结构有助于学生系统地掌握科技知识。5.注重实践应用‌科学技术类语篇往往不仅介绍科技知识，还注重实践应用。通过举例说明科技在实际生活中的应用场景，让学生更好地理解科技的价值和意义，并激发他们运用科技解决实际问题的兴趣和能力。6.富含教育意义‌科学技术类阅读语篇不仅传递科技知识，还蕴含深刻的教育意义。通过阅读这类语篇，学生可以培养科学思维、创新精神和实践能力，为未来的科技学习和应用打下坚实的基础。同时，也有助于学生形成正确的科技观和价值观，认识到科技在推动社会进步和改善人类生活方面的重要作用。三、主题词汇‌technology‌技术‌science‌科学‌experiment‌实验‌invention‌发明‌robot‌机器人‌computer‌计算机‌internet‌互联网‌software‌软件‌hardware‌硬件‌program‌程序‌data‌数据‌information‌信息‌research‌研究‌scientist‌科学家‌engineer‌工程师‌innovation‌创新‌discovery‌发现‌satellite‌卫星‌spaceship‌宇宙飞船‌telescope‌望远镜‌microscope‌显微镜‌energy‌能量‌electricity‌电‌magnetic‌磁性的‌gravity‌重力‌atom‌原子‌molecule‌分子‌dna‌脱氧核糖核酸‌evolution‌进化Computer（电脑）smartphone（智能手机）wi-fi（无线网络）artificialintelligence（ai）（人工智能）virtualreality（vr）（虚拟现实）四、答题技巧1.‌预览题目和文章‌在阅读文章之前，先快速浏览题目，了解需要回答的问题或完成的任务。接着，通读全文，抓住文章的主题、段落大意和关键信息。2.‌关注科技词汇‌科学技术类文章通常包含大量专业词汇。遇到不熟悉的词汇时，不要慌张，可以尝试根据上下文推测其意义。同时，注意积累常见的科技词汇，以便在阅读时更加流畅。3.‌理解文章结构‌科学技术类文章往往有明确的逻辑结构，如引言、实验方法、实验结果、结论等。通过识别这些结构，可以更快地找到关键信息，并理解文章的核心内容。4.‌注意细节和图表‌科学技术类文章中，细节往往至关重要。因此，在阅读时要特别关注文章中的具体数据、实验条件、结果等细节信息。同时，图表也是传递信息的重要方式。要学会从图表中提取关键信息，并与文章内容相结合进行理解。5.‌运用推理和判断‌在阅读过程中，不仅要理解文章直接给出的信息，还要学会运用推理和判断来解答问题。例如，根据文章中的实验结果推断出可能的结论，或者根据文章中的描述判断某个选项的正确性。突破练习突破练习1Doyouthinkartificialintelligence(AI)shouldbeusedinschools?ExpertsbelievethatAItoolsshouldbesafelyandproperlyusedinschoolsratherthanbebanned(禁止).ZhengQinghua,presidentofTongjiUniversity,suggestedthatyoungpeopleshouldbeguidedtoimprovetheirunderstandingoftheknowledgecreatedbytechnology.AItechnologyhasbecomeincreasinglyimportantforgettingandspreadingknowledge,anditalsoinfluencesteaching,learningandschoolmanagement.ZhengmentionedmanymodelssuchasErnieBot,anAIchatbotproductofBaidu,werewidelyusedamongcollegestudentsinChina.Thetoolcanwritearticles,solvescienceproblems,andhelpstudentswithhomeworkandtests.Besides,asurveydonebytheonlinelearningplatformStudyshowedthat89percentofstudentshadusedChatGPTtohelpwithhomework.ThismadepeopleworryaboutthebadinfluenceofAIoneducation.Forexample,studentsmaynotbehonest.InsteadofsimplydependingonAItoprovideanswersorcompletehomeworkandtests,peopleshouldfocusonusingAItohelpstudentsimproveprofessionalskills.Inthisway,theycanbettersolvereal-worldproblems,saidZheng.AccordingtoColinBailey,presidentofQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,asChatGPTgrowsrapidly,thefocusshouldnotbeonwhethertouseAIineducation,butonhowtouseitsafely,effectively,andproperly.BanningAIinschoolsisnotthesolution.Baileyalsowarnedaboutharmcausedbypoorlydesigned(设计的)AI.EffortstomanageAIhavecomeoutaroundtheworld.InChina,somerulesformanagingAIserviceshavebeencarriedout.AmericaandEnglandalsohavehadsimilarrules.1．HowdoexpertslikeAItoolsinschools?A．UsingAItoolsshouldbestopped.B．AItoolsshouldbeusedsafelyandproperly.C．CoursesaboutAItoolsshouldbeprovidedfreely.2．WhydoesZhengmentiontheuseofErnieBot?A．ToexpresshisworryoverusingAItoolsinschools.B．ToshowAItoolsgreatlyinfluencestudents’learning.C．TotellusAItoolsforeducationneedtobeimproved.3．Accordingtothepassage,what’sthedisadvantageofusingAIineducation?A．Studentsaredishonestwhendoinghomework.B．Studentslosetheirprofessionalskillsandabilities.C．StudentslearntopoorlydesignAItoolsbythemselves.4．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．ManycountriesaretryingtomanageAI.B．PeoplewillmakeagreaterefforttodevelopAI.C．StudentsaroundtheworldneedthesamerulestouseAI.5．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．AI’sRoleinEducation B．AI’sHistoryandFuture C．AI’sInfluenceonStudents2#1:RocketmailIn1959,theUSPostmasterGeneral,ArthurSummerfield,predicted(预言)thatguidedmissiles(导弹)wouldbecometheusualmethodforsendingmailbeforeahumanreachedthemoon.Wehaveemailnow,butstillnorocketmail.#2:ApeworkersWhoneedsrobotswhenyoucouldhavemonkeys?GlennT.Seaborg,aNobelprize-winningchemist,predictedin1951thatby2020,we’dkeepapesthatcoulddrivecarsandperformothertasksforus.#3:Nuclear(核)vacuums(真空吸尘器)In1955,AlexLewyt,thepresidentofavacuumcleanercompany,predictedthatwithin10yearsnuclearpowerwouldrunvacuums.Whatdidhethinkpeoplewoulddowiththenuclearwaste?#4:MealsinapillIn1894,thechemistMarcellinBerthelotpredictedthatpeopleofthefuturewouldgetallthenutrition(营养)theyneededinpillform.“WheatfieldsaretodisappearfromthefaceoftheEarth,becauseflourwillnolongerbeproducedfromgrowingwheat,butmade,”hesaid.Whilewestillrelyonfarmsforfood,scientistshaveworkedouthowtomakemeatfromplantsandhowtogrowitfromcells.#5:VirtualrealityeverywhereIn1999,thefuturistRayKurzweilpredictedthatby2019,we’dwearlensesorglassesthatwouldproject(投射)virtualimagesontotherealworld.Healsothoughttheglassesmightdisplayacompletevirtualrealitythatwecouldtouchandinteractwith.Virtualreality(VR)technologyisn’tnearlythisgoodyet.Tobefair,KurzweilcorrectlypredictedthatAIwouldbeathumansatchessandthatwe’dswitchtodigitalbooksandmusicandmovies.SomayberealisticVRisjustaroundthecorner?1．Whatcanwelearnfromthearticle?A．ArthurSummerfieldbelievedthatemailwouldbeacommonwaytocommunicate.B．GlennT.Seaborgthoughtapeswereclevererthanrobotsandcoulddodailytasksforus.C．AccordingtoAlexLewyt,peoplewouldrunoutofcoaltoproducepowerinthefuture.D．MarcellinBerthelotpredictedthatfoodinthefuturewouldbemadeinpillform.2．Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“Whatdidhethinkpeoplewoulddowiththenuclearwaste?”A．Theideaofusingnuclearpowertorunvacuumsisnotpractical.B．Itwasacreativeideatousenuclearpowertorunvacuums.C．Nuclearpowerisofgreatimportancetopeople’sdailylife.D．AlexLewythasalreadyfoundwaystodealwithnuclearwaste.3．Thearticleismainlyabout________.A．somesuccessfulinventionsinhistoryB．fivepredictionsaboutfuturetechnologyC．somedevelopmentsaboutfuturetechnologyD．predictionsaboutthefutureofsciencefiction3AlibabashoweditslatestChatGPT—likeartificialintelligence(AI)modelproduct—TongyiQianwenonTuesday.Thelarge-languageAImodelproductcanmanagevarioustypesofofficecommunications,intelligentvoiceassistance,turntextintopicturesandshortvideos,andmakeindividualworkplans.ZhangYong,chairmanandCEOofAlibabaGroup,saidthatallAlibabaproductswillbeconnectedtoTongyiQianweninthenearfuture.Recently,therehasbeenasuddenincreaseinpopularityoflargeAImodelstriggered(引起)byOpenAI’sChatGPT.Chinesesearchgiant,Baidu,officiallyreleased(发行)itslargelanguagemodelandAIproduct,theERNIEBot,onMarch16.HeXiaodong,vicepresidentofJD．comGroup,saidthatitsnewlarge-scalemodelChatJDissettobereleasedin2023.HuaweialsorecentlyannouncedtheprogressandapplicationsofitsPanguAImodel.360AI,developedbasedonthe360GPTlargelanguagemodel,wasfirstusedinsearchengines.OtherAIproductsbythecompaniesofTencentandByteDanceareexpectedtobeshownsoon.SupportedbyChina’smassiveInternetusers,ChinesecompanieshavemovedfasterforthedevelopmentoflargeAImodels—fromcomputingpowertoapplication.Atthesametime,Chinesecompaniesstillfacemanychallengesfromissuesrelatingtotalent,algorithm(算法)andmodelquality,tobusinessmodelandsecurityissues.TheChinesepeoplehavealreadypresentedtheirinterestinAImodels,andwehopewecanachieveourdreaminthenearfuture.1．WhatcanweknowaboutTongyiQianwen?A．Itcanmakepeoplelookmorebeautifulinthevideo.B．ItwasshowntothepubliconWednesday.C．Itcanturntextintopicturesandshortvideos.D．IthasalreadybeenconnectedtoallAlibabaproducts.2．WhichwritingskillisusedinParagraph3?A．Givingexamples. B．Usingsayings. C．Raisingquestions. D．Showingpictures.3．Theunderlinedword“massive”probablymeans“________”inthepassage.A．serious B．few C．weak D．many4．What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardAlibaba’slaunchingofitsnewAImodelproduct?A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Unclear. D．Doubtful.4Imagineatinyrobotcrawling(爬)throughyourbody,helpingdoctorswiththeirwork.It’snotfromasciencenovel.Doctorsarenowusingrobotstodooperations.Thisisbecauserobotscandosomeworkthatdoctorscan’t.Therobotscarrysmallcameras,whichallowdoctorstolookinsidepatients’bodies.Therobotsalsohavetinyscissorsandothertools.“It’slikehavinglittlehandsinsidethepatients,”saidDr.WangfromahospitalinBeijing.Here’showtheywork:Thedoctormakesasmallcutinapatient.Then,thedoctorputstherobotthroughthecut.Next,thedoctorcontrolstherobottoreachwhereitneedstogo.Finally,withthehelpoftherobot,thedoctorlooksinsidethepatient’sbodyandbeginstowork.Therobotshavemanyadvantagesfordoctorsandpatients.Theyhelpcutmedicalcostsandmakedifficultoperationsquickerandeasier.Theyallowdoctorstooperatewithlessdamage(伤害)topatients’bodies,too.Thishelpsthemtoheal(治愈)faster.However,therobotsaren’tperfect.Theycanbeexpensive.What’smore,theyarejusttoolstohelphumans,andtheymustbeusedbyskilleddoctors.Eventhebestrobotscan’tdoeverythingthathumanscando.Scientistsareworkingtomakerobotssmarter.Someday,robotsmaydoevenmorethanexpectedforhumans.1．Therobotscarry________tohelpdoctorslookinsidepatients’bodies.A．smallcameras B．littlehands C．commontools D．tinyscissors2．Scientistsareworkingtomakerobots________.A．safer B．smarter C．moreharmful D．moredangerous3．Inwhatorderdoesthedoctordooperationswiththehelpoftherobot?①Makeasmallcut.②Controltherobottoreachwhereitneedstogo.③Lookinsidethepatient’sbodyandbegintowork.

④Puttherobotintothepatient’sbodythroughthecut.①→③→②→④ B．①→④→②→③ C．①→④→③→② D．④→③→②→①4．What’sParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thesizeoftherobots.B．Thefutureoftherobots.C．Thecostsoftherobots.D．Theadvantagesoftherobots.5．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．DoctorsCutMedicalCostsB．ScientistsMakeRobotsSmarterC．RobotsHelpDoctorswithOperationsD．PatientsDoMorethanExpected5Asthehighest-levelinternationalsportseventsinAsia,the19thAsianGamescametoanendsuccessfullyonSundayinHangzhou.Theywerereportedassafeandsmartgamesathomeandabroad.Becauseofthelargesize,theGameshavebroughtunprecedentedchallengesforthesecurity(安全保障).Forexample,hacker(黑客)haveevertriedtostealsportsmen’spersonalinformationformoney.However,zeromistakewasmadeinsecurityprotectionintheHangzhouGames.Toachievethis,thesecurityworkersmadefulluseofintelligenttechnology(IT智能技术).Thishelpedtheactivitiesgowell.ItmadetheGames“SafeAsianGames”.TheGameshavealsobeenthefirst“SmartAsianGames”.Behindthewonderfulshowsofdifferentactivitiestheyusedalargenumberofintelligenttechnologiessuchasartificialintelligence(AI人工智能),InternetofThingsand5G.Withthesupportofthecloudnetwork,peoplecouldseetechnologymakethebiggestdifference.Thatmeanseverythingwasfaster—itonlytookfivesecondstochecktheresults,forexample.HangzhouAsianGameservedasidealplatformsforsportsandculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandAsiancountries.ThoughtheAsianGameswerefullofchallenges,withthehelpofhigh-tech,Hangzhouhassuccessfullymadethemsafeandsmart.TheyhaveprovidedachanceforChinatoshowthehighlevelofnetworksecurityprotection,aswellasthelatesttechnology.TheGameshelpedtheworldseeChinaanditsachievements.1．Whichwordsbestdescribethe19thAsianGamesinHangzhou?A．Oldandsmall. B．Smallandsafe. C．Safeandsmart.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unprecedented”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Thebiggest. B．Theoldest. C．Thesmallest.3．Hackersstealsportsmen’spersonalinformationto__________.A．taketheirtickets B．sellformoney C．protecttheGames4．ThewritergivesanexampleinParagraph4to___________.A．showtheGamesgowellB．showasafeenvironmentC．showthefastcloudnetwork.5．What’sthemainideaofthearticle?A．Thefutureofintelligenttechnologies.B．ThelargenetworkattacksintheHangzhouGames.C．TheuseofintelligenttechnologiesintheHangzhouGames.6Humanshavebeenwritingbyhandforthousandsofyears.Butascomputerstookoverthejobandthetype-written(用打字机器打出的)wordbecamemorecommon,somethingwaslostintheprocess,thatis,thecharm(魅力)andpersonalnatureofahand-writtennoteorletter.Now,letterwritingismakingacomebackintheformofAIrobots.TheseAIrobotscanwritenotesforhumansintheirownhandwriting.DavidWachsistheheadofHandwrytten.Hesaidbusinessesusehiscompany’srobotsforhandwrittenlettersand“thank-you”notestocreateastrongandpersonalconnectionwiththosewhoreceivethem.Manynon-profit(非盈利)organizationsalsousehandwrittenletterstokeepdonations(捐赠)coming.Automated(自动化的)letterwritingisnotnew.ThomasJefferson,thethirdU.S.President,oftenusedapolygraph(复写器),whichheconsideredthegreatestinventionofhistime.Itlethimmakecopiesofhisletterstokeepforhisownrecords.Hisguide,CharlesMorrill,oncesaidaboutthepolygraph,“…Jeffersonkeepsbuyingmachinesandexchangesonesthatarenotquiteperfectforthenextonethat’salittlebitbetter.”Usingwhatheconsideredwonderfultechnology,historianssayJeffersonwentontowritealmost20,000lettersinhislifetime.HandwritingtechnologyhasgreatlychangedsinceJefferson’stime.Wachssayssuchtechnologynowincludes3Dprintingandlasercutting.Andifusersneedhelpthinkingofexactlywhattowriteintheirnotes,theycanchooseAItohelpthemcreateabettermessage.Whetherusingtheprintingpressorthepolygraph,acomputerorarobot,onethingisclear...humanswillusewhatevertooltheyhavetoexpressthemselvesthroughtheprintedword.1．Howdoesthewriterfeelaboutthetype-writtenword?A．Surprised. B．Unbelievable. C．Disappointed. D．Glad.2．WhydoesthewriterusetheexampleofThomasJefferson?A．Toadviseustousenewwonderfultechnology.B．TotellreaderswhothethirdUSpresidentwas.C．ToremindusofthecopiesofJefferson’sletters.D．Toshowautomatedletterwriting’slonghistory.3．Accordingtothepassage,whatcanAIrobotsdowhenhelpinghumanswritenotes?①Theycanusehumans’ownhandwriting.

②Theycanwritemorenotesatatime.③Theycanthinkofwhattowriteifneeded.

④Theycanchoosedifferentlanguages.A．①② B．①③ C．①④ D．②③4．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A．Therewillbeanewmachinetoprintwords.B．Handwritingtechnologyhasgreatlychanged.C．Humanswillneverwritebyhandinthefuture.D．Printedwordsaretoolstoshowpeople’sideas.7Itmightsoundlikemagic,butinFebruary,aparalyzed(瘫痪的)patientwasabletodrinkwateronhisownbycontrollingaspecialglovewithhisbrain.Theglovethenactedashishand.Thiswasasuccessinbrain-machineinterface(BMI,脑机接口)technologymadebyateamofChinesescientistsanddoctors.BMIreferstocreatingaconnectionbetweenthehumanbrainandexternaldevices(外部设备),makingcommunicationbetweenthebrainandcomputers.Forparalyzedpeople,BMIcanallowthemtomoveanddosimplethingsbythemselves.OnOct24,2023,theteamputaBMIchip(芯片)inthepatient’shead.Thechipcanreceiveneuralsignals(神经信号)fromthebrain.Afterthreemonthsofhomerecovery(康复)training,thepatientcannowusehisbrainsignalstocontrolaspecialglovepoweredbyairpressure.Thishelpshimdothingslikedrinkingwaterindependently.BMItechnologyusuallymeansputtingchipsdirectlyontothepatient’sbrain.However,thisprojectisminimallyinvasive(微创的),makingsurethepatient’sbrainisnotharmed.Soitisanimportantbreakthrough.Italsousesawirelesspowersupply(无线电源),sotheimplanted(植入的)devicedoesn’tneedabattery(电池).LiYuanningfromShanghaiTechUniversitytoldCCTVNewsthatBMIisnowmainlyusedinthemedicalfieldtoimprovethelivesofpeoplewithbrain-relatedproblemsorspeechdifficulties.InChina,BMItechnologyisstillintheearlystagesofresearch,withnoproductsonthemarketyet.Somepeopleareworriedthattestsmayinfluencepatients’independenceandevenwhotheyare.Ethicalconcerns(伦理问题)relatedtoBMIalsoneedtobeaddressed.Theseincludewhetherthepatienthasaclearunderstandingofwhatisgoingonwhentheyagreetotakepartinthetest.1．WhatisChina’srecentsuccessinBMI?A．AparalyzedpatientcanmovefreelywithaBMIchip.B．Aparalyzedpatientcancommunicatewithcomputers.C．ABMIchipwassuccessfullyputintoapatient’sbrain.D．BMIhelpedaparalyzedpatientdrinkwateronhisown.2．Whatdoes“breakthrough”meaninParagraph5?A．mistake B．achievement C．experiment D．invention3．WhatistheadvantageofthenewBMItechnology?A．Itdoesn’tneedanypower.B．Itdoesn’tharmpatients’brains.C．Itunderstandspatients’needscorrectly.D．Ithelpspeopleimprovetheirspeechskills.4．Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph?A．ManypeopleareagainstBMItechnology.B．ThetestsofBMIareathighriskoffailure.C．BMItechnologyisstillunderdevelopment.D．BMItechnologyiswidelyusedinthemedicalfield.8请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheiPodGenerationTodayitiscommontoseepeoplewhowalkaboutwithcoloredwireshangingfromtheirearswherevertheygo.Theymoveaboutintheirpersonalbubbles,sometimesunawareofwhat’shappeningaroundthem.1.Outsidelifeisshutout.Soareyouoneof“them”?Forme,walkingaroundinmyownpersonalbubbleisperfect.2.What’sevenbetter,wearingearphonesseemstogiveasignaltopeoplewhichsays,“I’mnotavailableforchattingatthemoment!”Supposeyou’reatworkandabouttomakeanincrediblebreakthrough(极大的突破),butaworkmatesuddenlyturnsup.Atthismomenttheslightestdisturbance(干扰)wouldbreakyourconcentration.3.Onceagain,thosewireshangingfromyourearswouldbesuretogivethat“Goaway!”signal.4.It’sprobablypartofthegrowingupsagewhentheyjustwanttoignore(忽视)theirwholefamily.Whiletheirmothersgivethemlecturesaboutwhytheyshoulddotheirhomework,theycanjustturnupthevolumeontheirMP3player,smile,andsay“Yes,mum.”Problemsolved.Prettysoon,notonlywillwehaveprettycoloredwireshangingfromourears,butalsoourbrainswillbedirectlypluggedinto(接通)somenewhigh-techinstruments.We’llbeinavirtual(虚拟的)world,communicatingwitheveryoneelse,orchoosingnotto,aswelike.5.Andtheyarechangingoursocialhabitsalongtheway.Intheend,thereisathinlinebetweenusingtechnologyasatoolformakinglifebetterandbeingaslavetoit!It!It’ssostrange—suddenly,Idon’tfeellikewearingmyearphonesanymore.A．OurinstrumentsarechangingquicklyB．Idon’thavetodealwiththenoisefromtheenvironmentC．Inthehomesituation,teenagerslovethesewiresD．IalsohavewireshangingfrommycarsE．ListeningtomusicthroughearphonesistheperfectwaytoignoresuchinterruptionsF．Theywalkaroundintheirownspace,withtheirpersonal“digitalnoisereductionsystem”G．Afterall,Iamlisteningtomyfavouritemusicandwouldrathernotbedisturbed.9请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inthepastfewyears,carshavebecomesmarterandsmarter.Inmorethanninecities,therearedriverlesstaxisinChina.Acrosstheworld,many“smartroads”havebeeninpractice,andmorearebeingbuilt.1●Roadsthatrecharge(充电)Globalwarminghasforcedustosearchfornewenergysources.Whynotlooktotheroads?Withtherighttechnologies,2Piezoelectric(压电的)roadsmixtraditionalasphaltwithnewmaterials.Theyusevibrations(震动)frompassingcarstoproduceelectricity.●Built-inbrain3Theycouldsendpeopleupdatesonweatherandtrafficsituations,andrechargeelectriccarsastheydrive.Thisseemstobeadream.Butacompanyhasalmostmadeitcometrue.Bysensingtheweightofacar,4Afterhavingcollectedtrafficdata,theroadswillsendittothedrivers.●Roadsthatneverfreeze(结冰)Itcanbedangeroustodriveinsnowyweather.5Whentheyfeelsnoworiceontheirsurfaces,theroadswillheatthemselvesup,melting(融化)thesnoworiceaway.Theprojecthasbeensuccessfullytestedonafewroadsandinsomecarparks.A．thecompany’ssmartroadscanrecordthespeedofeachwheel.B．carsaroundtheworldcouldbeproducingenergyastheygo.C．Somenewtechnologiesarebeingputtouse.D．Thereisstillalongwaytoachievethedriverlesstechnology.E．Smartrobotswilltellpassengersanythingtheywant.F．Roadsofthefuturemaybeabletoknowhowmanypeopleareonthem.G．Atechcompanyhasdevelopedthesnowlessroads.10请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。ChatGPTisbackintheheadlines!OpenAI,thecompanybehindthepopularchatbot,hasnowintroducedapowerfulnewlanguage:GPT-4.Severalmonthsago,GPT-4showedtheworldhowsmarteritisthantheprevious(先前的)GPT-3.5.1Forexample,ifyoushowapictureofaphoneusingthewrongcharger,GPT-4cantellwhythepicturelooksstrangeorfunny.ButGPT-4’sdevelopmentsarefarmorethanthat.Thenewlanguagemodelcancode(用代码编写)classicgamesinonlyafewminutes,anditalsocanproducethecodeandlayouts(布局)forawebsitewithahand-madedrawing.2Accordingtosomescientists,GPT-4didreallywellonaschooltest,withascoreinthetop10percentoftesttakers.3GPT-4willalsobewidelyusedinotherappsandservices.Forexample,thelanguagelearningappDuolingoplanstouseGPT-4intheirDuolingoMaxFunction.4Anotherapp,BeMyEyes,willhaveadigitalassistanttohelpblindpeopleunderstandtheworldaroundthem.5GPT4stillcan’tgetcompletelycorrectanswerssometimes,especiallywithnewerinformationafterSeptember2021.GPT-4alsosometimes“hallucinates(产生幻觉)”,itmeansthatGPT-4willthinkthewronginformationistrue.A．GPT-4isverypopulartoyoungpeople.B．AppuserscanlearnlanguagebytalkingwithAI.C．ButGPT-3.5onlygotascoreinthebottom10percent.D．TherearestillsomeproblemswithGPT-4,however.E．Youdon’tneedtopayanythingwhenyouuseGPT-4.F．Oneofitsadvantagesisthatitcanunderstandpictures.G．GPT-4isalsomuchbetterthantheolderGPTattakingtests.参考答案1【答案与解析】本文主要讲了专家认为，人工智能应在学校中安全、恰当地使用，而非被禁用。1．细节理解题。根据“ExpertsbelievethatAItoolsshouldbesafelyandproperlyusedinschoolsratherthanbebanned(禁止).”可知，专家认为，人工智能工具应该在学校安全、正确地使用，而不是被禁止。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据“ZhengmentionedmanymodelssuchasErnieBot,anAIchatbotproductofBaidu,werewidelyusedamongcollegestudentsinChina.”可知，郑提到了许多模型，比如百度的人工智能聊天机器人“文心一言”，在中国大学生中被广泛使用。因此提到“文心一言”是为了表明人工智极大地影响学习。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据“ThismadepeopleworryaboutthebadinfluenceofAIoneducation.Forexample,studentsmaynotbehonest.”可知，在教育中使用人工智能的劣势是学生可能不诚实。故选A。4．细节理解题。根据“EffortstomanageAIhavecomeoutaroundtheworld.”可知，很多国家都在努力管理人工智能。故选A。5．最佳标题题。根据“Doyouthinkartificialintelligence(AI)shouldbeusedinschools?ExpertsbelievethatAItoolsshouldbesafelyandproperlyusedinschoolsratherthanbebanned(禁止).”可知，本文主要讲了人工智能（AI）在教育中的作用。选项A“人工智能在教育中的作用”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。2【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了五种曾经的预言内容及其现状，包括：火箭邮件、猿猴工人、核能真空吸尘器、药丸式膳食、虚拟现实。1．细节理解题。根据“In1894,thechemistMarcellinBerthelotpredictedthatpeopleofthefuturewouldgetallthenutrition(营养)theyneededinpillform”可知，MarcellinBerthelot曾预言，未来的食物将会以药丸的形式被制造出来。故选D。2．词句猜测题。根据“AlexLewyt,thepresidentofavacuumcleanercompany,predictedthatwithin10yearsnuclearpowerwouldrunvacuums.Whatdidhethinkpeoplewoulddowiththenuclearwaste?”可知，AlexLewyt曾经语言：在10年内，真空吸尘器将由核能驱动，但人们无法处理核废料，所以此预言是不切实际的。故选A。3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了五种未来技术的预言。故选B。3【答案与解析】本文介绍了中国科技公司如阿里巴巴、百度、京东等在人工智能领域的最新发展，特别是大型语言模型产品的推出，以及面临的挑战和未来发展前景。1．细节理解题。根据“Thelarge-languageAImodelproductcanmanagevarioustypesofofficecommunications,intelligentvoiceassistance,turntextintopicturesandshortvideos”可知它可以将文本转换为图像和短视频。故选C。2．推理判断题。根据“Chinesesearchgiant,Baidu...HeXiaodong,vicepresidentofJD.comGroup...Huaweialsorecentlyannounced...”可知第三段通过举一些例子表明ChatGPT引发了大型人工智能模型的突然流行。故选A。3．词义猜测题。根据“SupportedbyChina’smassiveInternetusers,ChinesecompanieshavemovedfasterforthedevelopmentoflargeAImodels—fromcomputingpowertoapplication.”可知在中国庞大互联网用户的支持下，中国公司更快地开发了大型人工智能模型——从计算能力到应用，故此处划线部分和many意思相近。故选D。4．观点态度题。根据“TheChinesepeoplehavealreadypresentedtheirinterestinAImodels,andwehopewecanachieveourdreaminthenearfuture.”可知作者认为我们的梦想在不久的将来可以实现，所以作者对阿里巴巴推出新的人工智能模型产品持积极态度。故选B。4【答案与解析】本文主要介绍了微型机器人现在可以帮助医生做手术。1．细节理解题。根据“Thisisbecauserobotscandosomeworkthatdoctorscan’t.Therobotscarrysmallcameras,whichallowdoctorstolookinsidepatients’bodies.”可知，这些机器人携带小型摄像头，帮助医生查看病人的身体内部。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据“Scientistsareworkingtomakerobotssmarter.Someday,robotsmaydoevenmorethanexpectedforhumans.”可知，科学家们正在努力让机器人变得更聪明。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据“Here’showtheywork:Thedoctormakesasmallcutinapatient.Then,thedoctorputstherobotthroughthecut.Next,thedoctorcontrolstherobottoreachwhereitneedstogo.Finally,withthehelpoftherobot,thedoctorlooksinsidethepatient’sbodyandbeginstowork.”可知，正确的顺序是：首先做一个小切口；接着通过切口将机器人放入病人体内；然后控制机器人到达需要去的地方；最后观察病人身体内部并开始工作。故选B。4．主旨大意题。根据“Therobotshavemanyadvantagesfordoctorsandpatients.”可知，第三段主要介绍了机器人的优势。故选D。