四川省德阳中学高2024-2025学年高一下学期4月月考英语试题

四川省德阳中学校高级高一下期4月月考试题第二部分阅读理解共两节，满分分)AFoundedin1990byBritishbusinessmanJamesDaunt,DauntBookshashandfuloflocationsacrossLondon,allworthavisit,buttheMarylebonebranch—inaformerEdwardianbookshop—isparticularlyappealing.Itissetinalong,lightfilledthreestoryspacewithoakbalconies(橡木阳台)andacolouredglassSowhetheryou’reafteraguidebook,nonfiction,orsomethingescapist,youreallyloseyourselfinyourchosendestination.Openedin1972,BookmarkhasbeenCharlottetown’sindependentbookstoreofnoteformorethanfivedecades.Thelocallyownedspotisafavoritenotonlyforitsbookselection,ofcourse,butalsoforitsstrongsenseofmunity—everyonewhoshopshereisafriend.Ifyou’renotsurewhatyoureadnext,checkthebooksellerintroductionsonthewebsite,findthepersonwhosharesyourinterests,andgowiththeirpersonalizedsuggestions.Itishousedina13thcenturychurchinMaastricht,nearthesoutheasternborderwithBelgium.Openedin2014,thestorestillmaintainsthecolouredglasswindows,stonevaultedceilings,andfinewallpaintings.BoekhandelDominicanen’scollectionincludesthousandsofnewandsecondhandbooksinDutchandEnglish,andamusicdepartmentwithCDs,DVDs,andrecords.froma1920sDutchboat,thefloatingbookshopsitsalongtheRegent’sCanalandhasbroughtjoytoLondonersforoveradecade.ItlookssomuchlikeasettingfromTheWindintheWillowsthatyoumayexpectthebooksellertobeananthropomorphic(拟人化的)badger(獾)smokingapipe.Itarangeofbooks,frombrandnewreleasestooldernovels.It’sadelightfulspot,offeringseatingalongthenearbypathwherevisitorscanenjoytheirnewpurchases,oftenacpaniedbyjazzbandsperformingontherooftopoftheboat.1.WhatmakestheMarylebonebranchstandoutinallDauntBooks’branches?A.Theexcellentservice.B.Theconvenientlocation.C.Thewidecollectionofbooks.D.Thewonderfuldecorativestyle.2.Whichbookstorehasbeenoperatingforthelongestperiodoftime?第1页/共20页A.Bookmark.B.DauntBooksC.ontheD.BoekhandelDominicanen.3.WhatcanvisitorsdowhenvisitingontheA.Actrolesinnovels.B.Listentolivemusic.C.wonderfulmovies.D.aroundLondonbyboat.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四家书店的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Foundedin1990byBritishbusinessmanJamesDaunt,DauntBookshashandfuloflocationsacrossLondon,allworthavisit,buttheMarylebonebranch—inaformerEdwardianbookshop—isparticularlyappealing.Itissetinalong,lightfilledthreestoryspacewithoakbalconies(橡木阳台)andacolouredglass年由英国商人詹姆斯·道特创立的道特图书公司在伦敦有几家分店，都值得一游，但马里波恩分店——位于一家爱德华时代的旧书店里——尤其吸引人。它坐落在一个长而明亮的三层空间里，有橡木阳台和一扇彩色玻璃窗)”可知，美妙的装饰风格让马里波恩分校在所有的Daunt图书分公司中脱颖而出。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Foundedin1990byBritishbusinessmanJamesDaunt,DauntBookshashandfuloflocationsacrossLondon,allworthavisit,buttheMarylebonebranch—inaformerEdwardianbookshop—isparticularlyappealing.(1990但马里波恩分店——位于一家爱德华时代的旧书店里——尤其吸引人)”；第二段“Openedin1972,BookmarkhasbeenCharlottetown’sindependentbookstoreofnoteformorethanfivedecades.(Bookmark于1972年开业，50多年来一直是夏洛特镇著名的独立书店)”；第三段“Openedin2014,thestorestillmaintainsthecolouredglasswindows,stonevaultedceilings,andfinewallpaintings.(该商店于2014玻璃窗、石头拱形天花板和精美的壁画)”以及最后一段“froma1920sDutchboat,thefloatingbookshopsitsalongtheRegent’sCanalandhasbroughtjoytoLondonersforoveradecade.(这家漂浮书店由上世纪20)”对比可知，Bookmark历史最久。故选A。【3题详解】It’sadelightfulspot,offeringseatingalongthenearbypathwherevisitorscanenjoy第2页/共20页theirnewpurchases,oftenacpaniedbyjazzbandsperformingontherooftopoftheboat.(这是一个令人愉快的地方，沿着附近的小路提供座位，游客可以在那里享受他们新买的东西，通常伴随着爵士乐队在船的屋顶表演)”可知，游客在参观水上世界时可以听现场音乐。故选B。BRunningisasingleyethighlyeffectiveformofexercisethathasbeenembracedbypeopleofallagesforcenturies.Itrequiresnospecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofrunningshoes,makingitoneofthemostaccessiblesportsglobally.Whenyourun,numerousphysicalbenefitseintoplay.Firstly,itimproveshealth.heartpumpsmoreefficiently,increasingbloodcirculationthroughoutthebody.Thishelpsinreducingtheriskofheartdiseases,highbloodpressure,andstrokes.Secondly,runningisanexcellentwaytobuildmusclestrength,especiallyinthelegs,glutes,andcore.Asyoupushyourbodyforwardwitheachstep,thesemusclesworkinharmony,gettingstrongerovertime.Moreover,runninghassignificantmentalhealthbenefits.Itreleasesendorphins,oftenreferredtoas“feelgood”hormones,whichcanreducestress,anxietyandsymptomsofdepression.Manyrunnersalsofindthatitprovidesasenseofacplishmentandboostsselfesteem.Itgivesthemachancetosetgoals,whetherit’srunningacertaindistanceorimprovingtheirtime,andworktowardsachievingthem.However,likeanysport,runninghasitschallenges.Injuriessuchasshinsplints,kneepain,andmusclestrainscanoccur,especiallyifproperprecautionsarenottaken.Thesemaybecausedbyovertraining,incorrectrunningform,ornotgivingthebodyenoughtimetorestandrecover.preventinjuries,it’scrucialtostartslowly,graduallyincreasetheintensityanddurationofyourrunsandincorporatestrengthtrainingandstretchingintoyourroutine.Despitethechallengesrunningremainsapopularchoiceforthoseseekingahealthylifestyle.Whetherit’sforthefitness,petition,orsimplythejoyofmovement,runningawealthofrewardsforboththebodyandmind.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cardiovascular”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A.Relatedtotheheartandbloodvessels.B.Relatedtothemusclesandbones.C.Relatedtothenervoussystem.D.Relatedtotherespiratorysystem.第3页/共20页5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofrunningaccordingtothepassage?A.Reducingtheriskofheartdisease.B.Increasingbloodcirculation.C.Curingseriousmentalproblems.D.Buildingmusclestrength.6.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.ThePopularityofRunningB.ThePhysicalBenefitsofRunningC.Running:AGreatSportforBodyandMindD.HowtoPreventRunningInjuries7.Accordingtothepassage,howcanwepreventrunninginjuries?A.Byrunningasfastaspossiblefromthebeginning.B.Byincreasingtheintensityofrunsrapidly.C.Bytakingenoughrestanddoingstrengthtraining.D.Byonlyfocusingonrunningdistance.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了跑步对身心健康的益处、潜在伤害及预防措施。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中划线词后文“heartpumpsmoreefficiently,increasingbloodcirculationthroughoutthebody.Thishelpsinreducingtheriskofheartdiseases,highbloodpressure,andstrokes.(你的心脏更有效地泵血，增加全身血液循环。这有助于降低患心脏病、高血压和中风的风险)”可知，跑步能改善心血管健康，与心脏和血管有关，划线单词cardiovascular意思是“与心脏和血管有关的”。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“heartpumpsmoreefficiently,increasingbloodcirculationthroughoutthebody.Thishelpsinreducingtheriskofheartdiseases,highbloodpressure,andstrokes.Secondly,runningisanexcellentwaytobuildmusclestrength,especiallyinthelegs,glutes,andcore.(血液循环。这有助于降低患心脏病、高血压和中风的风险。其次，跑步是锻炼肌肉力量的好方法，尤其是腿部、臀部和核心肌群)”以及第三段中“Itreleasesendorphins,oftenreferredtoas“feelgood”hormones,whichcanreducestress,anxietyandsymptomsofdepression.(它会释放内啡肽，通常被称为“感觉良好”的激第4页/共20页素，可以减轻压力、焦虑和抑郁症状)”可知，跑步能降低患心脏病的风险、增加血液循环、锻炼肌肉力量，虽可以减轻压力焦虑和抑郁症状，但没有提及可以治愈严重的精神问题。故选C。【6题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍跑步是一项简单且有效的运动，受到各年龄段人的喜爱；第二段介绍跑步对身体的好处；第三段介绍跑步对心理的好处；第四段介绍跑步可能带来的挑战及预防受伤的方法；最后一C选项“跑步：一项有益身心的运动”适合作为文章标题。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“preventinjuries,it’scrucialtostartslowly,graduallyincreasetheintensityanddurationofyourrunsandincorporatestrengthtrainingandstretchingintoyourroutine.(要慢慢开始，逐渐增加跑步的强度和持续时间，并将力量训练和拉伸纳入你的日常锻炼中)”可知，通过足够休息和进行力量训练可以防止跑步受伤。故选C。CTheChingayParadeisagrandannualstreetparadeheldinSingapore.Amongthisyear’sheadyatmosphere,ChengSiew,a72yearold,willbeinthethickoftheaction,performingwheelchairdancing.ChengSiew’sintroductiontowheelchairdancingwasthroughhisson,Kelvinwhoisresponsibleforhisteam’sperformanceintheparade.“Iaskedmydadtotry.Hefoundmovingfastinawheelchairquitefun,”Kelvinsaid.Kelvinwasfirstexposedtothesportduringthe2014AsianParaGames,whichinfluencedhimtoteachthesport,andthenhelinkedupwithawheelchairdancegroupthatinvitespeoplewithapassionfordancing—whetherablebodiedorphysicallychallenged.Kelvinwaspassionateaboutensuringthathisdancegroupcouldbeinclusive(包容的),providingdifferentpeople—wheelchairdancers,children,youthsandseniors—theopportunitytoperformatanationallevel.Challengescameintheformofingupwithadanceroutinewhichhelpedeveryoneshowthemselves.Kelvinhadtomakeagreattofindaneffectivekindofdancethatmatchedthefastpacedmusicoftheparade.Buthedesiredtogivethedancerstheirtimeinthespotlight.Thedancedesignwillhavesometurningactionsindifferentorderssothateveryonecandisplaytheirtalentatdifferenttimes.Inthisparade,thewheelchairroadontheplasticflooringcanbechallenging.Sohewilladoptsportswheelchairstoadapttodifferenttypesofland.Whenitestowheelchairaccessibility(轮椅无障碍设施)inSingapore,Kelvinnotedthattheydohaveafullwheelchairlinkupshelteredpathway.However,thereisstillmuchtodo.Forinstance,usingawheelchairaroundashoppingmallduringpeakhourscanbea“nightmare”.Kelvinis第5页/共20页eagertoseemorestepswillbetakentoshapeamoreinclusivesociety.Justlikeintheparade,whereeveryonewillhaveamomenttoshowtheirmoves,heexpectseveryoneinawheelchaircanbeseenbypeopleindailylife.8.WhatgotKelvininvolvedinwheelchairdancing?A.Hisfather’sdancingexperience.B.Theinvitationfromadancegroup.C.InspirationfromtheAsianParaGames.D.ThedreamofperformingintheChingayParade.9.WhatcanwesayaboutKelvin’sdanceteam?A.Itisadiversemix.B.Itconsistsentirelyofdisabledpeople.C.Itfocusesonperformingtraditionaldances.D.ItisthefirstwheelchairdanceteaminSingapore.10.WhatwasKelvin’sconsiderationinthedancedesign?A.Providingenoughwheelchairs.B.Creatingadancesuitableforall.C.Findingappropriatedancemusic.D.Gainingasuitablepracticespace.HowdoesKelvinviewwheelchairaccessibilityinSingapore?A.It’snolongeranightmareforpeople.B.Itistherootofimperfectroaddesign.C.Itneedsmoreattentionandpromotion.D.Itdependsonthereasonablecostofwheelchair.【答案】8.C9.A10.BC【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡的Kelvin发起轮椅舞蹈团来为不同的人提供在全国范围内表演的机会。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Kelvinwasfirstexposedtothesportduringthe2014AsianParaGames,whichinfluencedhimtoteachthesport,andthenhelinkedupwithawheelchairdancegroupthatinvitespeoplewithapassionfordancing—whetherablebodiedorphysicallychallenged.(Kelvin在2014年的亚洲残疾人运动会期间第一次接触到这项运动，这影响了他教授这项运动，然后他与一个轮椅舞蹈团联系在一起，邀请对舞蹈有热情的人——无论是健全的还是残疾的)”可知，来自亚洲残疾人运动会的灵感让凯尔文参与到轮椅舞蹈中来。故选C。【9题详解】Kelvinwaspassionateaboutensuringthathisdancegroupcouldbeinclusive(包容的),providingdifferentpeople—wheelchairdancers,children,youthsandseniors—theopportunitytoperformatanationallevel.(Kelvin热衷于确保他的舞蹈团具有包容性，为不同的人——轮椅舞者、儿童、青少年和老年人——提供在全国范围内表演的机会)”可知，开尔文的舞蹈队是一个多元化的组合。故选A。第6页/共20页【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Challengescameintheformofingupwithadanceroutinewhichhelpedeveryoneshowthemselves.Kelvinhadtomakeagreattofindaneffectivekindofdancethatmatchedthefastpacedmusicoftheparade.Buthedesiredtogivethedancerstheirtimeinthespotlight.Thedancedesignwillhavesometurningactionsindifferentorderssothateveryonecandisplaytheirtalentatdifferenttimes.(挑战的形式是想出一个舞蹈动作，帮助每个人展示自己。开尔文不得不付出很大的努力，找到一种有效的舞蹈，以配合快节奏的音乐游行。但他希望给舞者们在聚光灯下的时间。舞蹈设计会有一些不同顺序的转身动作，让每个人在不同的时间展现自己的才华)”可知，Kelvin在舞蹈设计中考虑了创造适合所有人的舞蹈。故选B。【题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Whenitestowheelchairaccessibility(轮椅无障碍设施)inSingapore,Kelvinnotedthattheydohaveafullwheelchairlinkupshelteredpathway.However,thereisstillmuchtodo.Forinstance,usingawheelchairaroundashoppingmallduringpeakhourscanbea“nightmare”.Kelviniseagertoseemorestepswillbetakentoshapeamoreinclusivesociety.Justlikeintheparade,whereeveryonewillhaveamomenttoshowtheirmoves,heexpectseveryoneinawheelchaircanbeseenbypeopleindailylife.(当谈到新加坡的轮椅无障碍设施时，Kelvin指出，他们确实有一条完整的轮椅连接通道。然而，还有很多事情要做。例如，在高峰时段在购物中心周围使用轮椅可能是一场“噩梦”。凯尔文渴望看到采取更多措施来塑造一个更具包容性的社会。就像在游行中，每个人都会有机会展示自己的动作一样，他希望每个坐轮椅的人都能在日常生活中被人们看到)”可知，开尔文认为新加坡的轮椅无障碍设施需要更多的关注和推广。故选C。DWhenAreejEIJawahri,adoctoratMassachusettsGeneralHospitalinBoston,signedthecontracttopurchasethehousespeciallydesignedtofittheneedsofmultigenerational(多代的)residents,sheknewshewantedherparents,whothenlivedinMichigan,tojoinher.“IwantedthemtobeinastatewhereIcouldhelpmanagetheirhealthcareneeds,”shesaid.“AsanonlychildfromaMiddleEasternbackground,ourcultureisallaboutfamilyunits.”ElJawahri’schoicewasnotunique.APewResearchCenteranalysisfoundthatfrom1971to2021,thenumberofpeoplelivinginmultigenerationalhouseholdsincreased,withtheshareoftheUSpopulationinthesehomesmorethandoubling,from7percentin1971to18percentin2021.“RentsinBostonaresohighthatIseelotsofmultigenerationalliving.Manyyoungpeoplemovebackinwiththeirparents,”saidConnieBrown,aglobalrealestateadviserinCharlestown.“Ihavearentalapartmentthat’s20,第7页/共20页000justtowalkintothedoor.”OneofBrown’sclients,BrianLashchangedspaceoverhisgaragetoanapartmentforhis92yearolddad.“Livingwithmydadforthosemonthswaswonderful,”hesaid,notingthathisfatherhassincepassedaway.watchedbasketball,baseball,andgolf,wewentoutfordinner,andIcookedforhim.ThosearethedaysIwouldneverhavehadifIhadn’tbuiltthatapartment.”Still,expertsencouragepeopletohaveanopenconversationbeforetheymoveintogether.Theyproposethatbothpartiestalkaboutwhethertherearesharedexpensesandwhoisresponsibleforwhatandthattheyputtheiragreementsinwriting.Cohabitation(同居)agreementsaremonamongfriends,buttheyareequallycrucialformultigenerationalfamilies.Puttingitinwritingatthebeginningoftheprocessenablespeopletoclarifyviewpoints,andsometimesallowsthemtodecidewhethertomoveintogetherornot.12.WhydidElJawahripurchasethespeciallydesignedhouse?A.helpcaringforherparents.B.findbettermedicalservices.C.getmorehouseholdpropertyinBoston.D.experiencecultureinamultigenerationalmunity.13.WhatdoesthePewResearchCenteranalysisshowaboutmultigenerationalliving?A.Itismainlyfavoredbytheold.B.ItispopularamongMiddleEasternindividuals.C.Itfrequentlyoccursinsinglechildfamilies.D.IthasbeemoremonintheUS.14.WhatdidBrianLashthinkofhislivingwithhisfather?A.Itprovidedfinancialsavings.B.Itinspiredhisinterestinsports.C.Itcreatedvaluablememoriesforhim.D.Itbroughtunexpectedadjustmentstodailylife.15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thereasonsforpeoplelivingtogether.B.Conveniencebroughtaboutbycohabitation.C.Theimportanceofmultigenerationalfamilies.D.Suggestionsonsmoothcohabitation.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述美国多代同堂居住现象的增长及其原因，并通过实例和专家建议探讨如何实现和谐共居。【12题详解】WhenAreejEIJawahri,adoctoratMassachusettsGeneralHospitalinBoston,signed第8页/共20页thecontracttopurchasethehousespeciallydesignedtofittheneedsofmultigenerational(多代的)residents,sheknewshewantedherparents,whothenlivedinMichigan,tojoinher.“IwantedthemtobeinastatewhereIcouldhelpmanagetheirhealthcareneeds,”shesaid.(当波士顿马萨诸塞州总医院的医生阿雷吉·伊·贾瓦赫里签署了购买这栋专为满足多代同堂居民需求而设计的房子的合同时，她知道她想让当时住在密歇根州的父母和)”可知，贾瓦赫里买这幢特别设计的房子是为了帮助照顾她的父母。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“APewResearchCenteranalysisfoundthatfrom1971to2021,thenumberofpeoplelivinginmultigenerationalhouseholdsincreased,withtheshareoftheUSpopulationinthesehomesmorethandoubling,from7percentin1971to18percentin2021.(皮尤研究中心的一项分析发现，从1971年到2021年，生活在多代同堂家庭中的人数有所增加，美国多代同堂家庭的人口比例增加了一倍多，从1971年的7%增加到2021年的18%)”可知，皮尤研究中心的分析显示了几代同堂的生活在美国变得更普遍了。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Livingwithmydadforthosemonthswaswonderful,”hesaid,notingthathisfatherhassincepassedaway.watchedbasketball,baseball,andgolf,wewentoutfordinner,andIcookedforhim.ThosearethedaysIwouldneverhavehadifIhadn’tbuiltthatapartment.”(“和父亲一起生活的那几个月)活为他创造了宝贵的回忆。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Still,expertsencouragepeopletohaveanopenconversationbeforetheymoveintogether.Theyproposethatbothpartiestalkaboutwhethertherearesharedexpensesandwhoisresponsibleforwhatandthattheyputtheiragreementsinwriting.Cohabitation(同居)agreementsaremonamongfriends,buttheyareequallycrucialformultigenerationalfamilies.Puttingitinwritingatthebeginningoftheprocessenablespeopletoclarifyviewpoints,andsometimesallowsthemtodecidewhethertomoveintogetherornot.(尽管如此，专家还是鼓励人们在同居之前开诚布公地谈一谈。他们建议双方讨论是否分担费用，谁负责哪些费用，并将协议写成书面形式。同居协议在朋友之间很常见，但对于几代同堂的家庭来说同样至关重要。在这个过程的开始把它写下来可以让人们澄清观点，有时可以让他们决定是否一起搬进来)”可知，最后一段主要讲了关于顺利同居的建议。故选D。第二节共5小题每小题分，满分分)第9页/共20页阅读下文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverthoughtaboutpouringusedcookingoildownthesink?Justturnonthetapandflush(冲走)itallaway.___16___Notonlydoesthisbadhabitcauseproblemsinyourhouse,backyard,orneighborhood,butpouringsuchsubstancesdownthesinkalsocreateswidespreadproblemsfortheentirewastewatersystemandtheworkersresponsibleforitsmaintenance.Thesmoothdaytodayoperationofourwastewatercollectionandtreatmentreliesonthecooperationofpeopleto“dotherightthing”.ManywatermanagementauthoritiesacrossAustraliaareinbroadagreement:Pleasedon’tpouroilsdownthesink.Theyalladviceonfarbetteralternatives.Butthewaterindustryhasnocontroloverwhatwedointheprivacyofourhomes.____17____Whenstillhot,oilsareoftenliquidandcanbeeasilypouredaway.Butdowninthesewer(下水道)pipes,theyrapidlycoolandsolidify.___18___AccordingtoAustralia’sCorporation,itisestimatedthat30%ofsewerblockagesareduetooils.___19___Thinkabouthairandsocalled“flushablewipes”.Theycanbuildupovertime,creating“fatbergs”:horriblemassesofwipes,hair,hardenedoilsandotherwaste.Oilsactasthegluethathelpsfatbergsbuildupatchokepointsinsewersystems.Therearemoreresponsiblewaysofhandlingoilsthanjustflushingthemaway.___20___Smallamountsofcookingoilcansafelybeposted(制成堆肥).Evenjustpouringoilsintotherubbishisbetter.Butremember,youmayneedtocoolhotoilsdownbeforeputtingthemintothebin.A.Itisreallyuptous.B.Pleasedon’tdothat.C.Blockedsewersarebadforus.D.Someenginescanrunoncookingoil.E.Thisisaseriousandmonproblem.F.Cookingoilcanactuallyberecycledandusedtomakebiofuels.G.Oilsalsocausetroublebybiningwithotherflushedawaymaterials.【答案】16.B17.A18.E19.G20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了将用过的食用油倒入下水道会带来一系列问题，并给出了处理食用油更负责任的方法。【16题详解】第10页/共20页上文“Haveyoueverthoughtaboutpouringusedcookingoildownthesink?Justturnonthetapandflushitallaway.(你有没有想过把用过的食用油倒进下水道？只要打开水龙头，把它们全部冲走。)”提出了一个设想，即把用过的食用油倒进下水道里然后冲走，下文“Notonlydoesthisbadhabitcauseproblemsinyourhouse,backyard,orneighborhood,butpouringsuchsubstancesdownthesinkalsocreateswidespreadproblemsfortheentirewastewatersystemandtheworkersresponsibleforitsmaintenance.(这种坏习惯不仅会给你的房子、后院或邻居带来问题，而且将这类物质倒入下水道还会给整个废水系统以及负责维护该系统的工作人员带来广泛的问题。)”指出了这种习惯带来的问题，由此可知，把用过的食用油倒进下水道然后冲走是一个坏习惯，B选项“请不要这样做”符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Butthewaterindustryhasnocontroloverwhatwedointheprivacyofourhomes.(但水务行业无法控制我们在家中私密空间的行为。)”可知，水务行业无法控制我们在家里的行为，所以处理用过的食用油这件事取决于我们自己。A选项“这真的取决于我们”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。【18题详解】根据上文“Whenstillhot,oilsareoftenliquidandcanbeeasilypouredaway.Butdowninthesewerpipes,theyrapidlycoolandsolidify.(油在热的时候通常是液体，可以很容易地倒掉。但在下水道管道里，它们会迅速冷却并凝固。)”可知，油在下水道管道里会迅速冷却并凝固，这是一个严重而普遍的问题。E选项“这是一个严重而普遍的问题”符合语境。故选E。【19题详解】根据下文“Thinkabouthairandsocalled‘flushablewipes’.Theycanbuildupovertime,creating‘fatbergs’:horriblemassesofwipes,hair,hardenedoilsandotherwaste.Oilsactasthegluethathelpsfatbergsbuildupatchokepointsinsewersystems.(‘脂肪山’：可怕的湿巾、头发、硬化的油脂和其他废物的堆积。油脂就像胶水一样，帮助脂肪山在下水道系统的堵塞点堆积起来。)”可知，油还会与其他被冲走的物质结合，从而造成麻烦，G选项中的also表示递进关系，G选项“油还会与其他被冲走的物质结合，从而造成麻烦”引出下文，符合语境。故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“Therearemoreresponsiblewaysofhandlingoilsthanjustflushingthemaway.(处理油脂的方法有很多，比仅仅把它们冲走更负责任。)和下文“Smallamountsofcookingoilcansafelybeposted.Evenjustpouringoilsintotherubbishisbetter.Butremember,youmayneedtocoolhotoilsdownbeforeputtingthemintothebin.(少量的食用油可以安全地堆肥。甚至只是把油倒进垃圾里也比冲走好。但要记住，把油放进垃圾桶第11页/共20页之前，你可能需要先把热油冷却。)”可知，本段介绍了一些处理食用油的更负责任的方法，F选项“食用油实际上可以回收并用来制造生物燃料”也是处理食用油的一种更负责任的方法，符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用共两节，满分分)第一节完型填空共小题每小题1分，满分分)Isataloneinthelaboratory,staringattheblankwall.“Itdoesn’tworknomatterwhatIdo!”Ithoughtwith___21___.Ihadspentthepast10months___22___myexperimentbyslightlyadjustingmyexperimentalmethodinvariousways.Buttheresultsstillremained___23___.aprogressreportdeadlineapproaching___24___aboutmyacademicpatharose.Newtotheresearcharea,I___25___theplexresearchcontent.Besides,movingfromIndiatoGermanyandpersonal___26___,suchaslanguagebarriersandculturaladjustments,___27___mystress.Abreakthroughfinallycamewhenafriend___28___atotallydifferentmethod.Skepticalyethopeful,Igaveitatry,andsurprisingly,thesuggestionworked.Energizedbythis___29___,Ireflectedonmyjourney.Irealizedinsteadofblindlypursuingalloriginalexperiments,Ishould___30___understandingwhyIfailed.Presentingmyresultsatalargescientificconference,Iexpectedlittlefromaposteronfailedexperiments.itreceivedconsiderable___31___.Manyresearcherscameuptometodiscussit,sharingtheirownfailures.Myposterwonanawardattheconference,which___32___metoexploretheprobleminmoredetail.Eventually,Igotitpublished.Thejourneyreshapedmyapproachtoresearchandtoughenedmeasascientist.Ideveloped___33___thinkingstrategiesandmasteredexperimentaltechniques.Ihadn’tknownbeforethosefailures.Now,whenteachingstudents,I___34___thetroubleshooting(故障排除)methodandteachthemthatthereisa___35___tobelearnedinnegativeresults.21.A.depressionB.amazementC.hesitationD.astonishment22.A.sharingB.paringC.creatingD.repeating23.A.dramaticB.originalC.disappointingD.fundamental24.A.confidenceB.imaginationC.tirednessD.doubt25.A.setasideB.struggledwithC.figuredoutD.tookover26A.challengesB.growthC.developmentD.relationships27.A.increasedB.relievedC.controlledD.swept28.A.employedB.preferredC.presentedD.suspected第12页/共20页29.A.passionB.successC.curiosityD.sincerity30.A.getoverB.putC.focusonD.dreamof31.A.gratitudeB.apologyC.inquiryD.attention32.A.instructedB.convincedC.appointedD.encouraged33.A.sensibleB.criticalC.independentD.quick34.A.ignoreB.assessC.stressD.improve35.A.lessonB.ruleC.mannerD.routine【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.D25.B26.A27.A28.C29.B30.C31.D32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经做实验不断失败，非常沮丧。直到朋友提出了新的方法取得了成功，这也让作者开始从消极结果中学习经验。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我沮丧地想。A.depression沮丧；B.amazement惊奇；C.hesitation犹豫；D.astonishment惊讶。根据上文“Isataloneinthelaboratory,staringattheblankwall.“Itdoesn’tworknomatterwhatIdo!”()”可知，实验不顺利，作者很沮丧。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的10个月里，我一直在重复我的实验，以各种方式对我的实验方法进行了轻微的调整。A.sharing分享；B.paring对比；C.creating创造；D.repeatingadjustingmyexperimentalmethodinvariousways”可知，作者一直重复实验。故选D。【23题详解】A.dramatic戏剧的；B.original起初的；C.disappointing令人失望的；D.fundamental基础的。根据上文yet表示转折，以及实验失败，可知结果仍然令人失望。故选C。【24题详解】A.confidence自信；B.imagination想象力；C.tiredness疲惫；D.doubt怀疑。根据后文“aboutmyacademicpatharose”以及上文作者花费了10个月重复实验还是失败，说明开始对学术道路产生怀疑。故选D。【25题详解】第13页/共20页A.setaside留出；B.struggledwithC.figuredoutD.tookovertheplexresearchcontent”以及“suchaslanguagebarriersandculturaladjustments”可知，作者在研究领域被复杂的研究内容所困扰，后文补充说明了其他挑战。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，从印度搬到德国以及个人的挑战，如语言障碍和文化适应，增加了我的压力。A.challenges挑战；B.growth成长；C.development发展；D.relationshipssuchaslanguagebarriersandculturaladjustments”主要是面临的个人挑战。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，从印度搬到德国以及个人的挑战，如语言障碍和文化适应，增加了我的压力。A.increased增加；B.relieved缓解；C.controlled控制；D.swept扫除。根据上文“suchaslanguagebarriersandculturaladjustments”可知，个人挑战增加了作者的压力。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个朋友提出一个完全不同的方法时，终于有了突破。A.employed雇佣；B.preferredC.presentedD.suspectedatotallydifferentmethod”指朋友提出不同的方法，故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次成功激励了我，我反思了我旅程。A.passion激情；B.success成功；C.curiosity好奇心；D.sincerity真诚。根据上文“Skepticalyethopeful,Igaveitatry,andsurprisingly,thesuggestionworked.(我抱着怀疑和希望，尝试了一下，令人惊讶的是，这个建议奏效了)”可知，建议让作者取得了成功，故选B。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我意识到，与其盲目追求所有的原创实验，我应该专注于理解我失败的原因。A.getover克服；B.put推迟；C.focuson集中；D.dreamof梦想。根据后文“understandingwhyIfailed”可知，作者领悟到应该专注于理解自己失败的原因。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，它受到了相当大的关注。A.gratitude感激；B.apology道歉；C.inquiryD.attentionManyresearcherscameuptometodiscussit,sharingtheirownfailures.(许多研究人员来找我讨论这个问题，分享他们自己的失败经历)”可知，得到了很多关注。故选D。【32题详解】第14页/共20页考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的海报在会议上获奖了，它鼓励我更详细地探讨这个问题。A.instructed指示；B.convinced说服；C.appointed任命；D.encouragedmetoexploretheprobleminmoredetail”可知，海报获奖鼓励作者更详细地探讨问题。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发展了批判性思维策略，掌握了实验技巧。A.sensible理智的；B.criticalC.independentD.quicktobelearnedinnegativeresults”提到从消极结果中吸取教训，可知发展处批判性思维策略。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我教学生的时候，我强调排除故障的方法，并告诉他们从消极的结果A.ignore忽视；B.assess评估；C.stress强调；D.improvethetroubleshootingmethod”指作者强调排除故障的方法，故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我教学生的时候，我强调排除故障的方法，并告诉他们从消极的结果中吸取教训。A.lessonB.ruleC.mannerD.routine常规。根据上文“Thejourneyreshapedmyapproachtoresearchandtoughenedmeasascientist.(这段旅程重塑了我的研究方法，磨练了我作为一名科学家的能力)”可知，作者教学生从消极的结果中吸取教训。故选A。第二节共小题，每小题分，满分分)语法填空AttheMuseeGuimetinParis,ChinesemusicianLiugivesasuonaperformance_____36_____(feature)theMogaoCaves(莫高窟).Formanyintheaudience,it’stheirfirsttimetohearsuona,atraditionalChineseinstrumentknown_____37_____its“loud,highpitched(高音调的)”sound.AsthefirstPhDofsuona,Liu____