项目三识读与绘制道路工程图 Project Reading and Drawing Road Engineering Figure任务 识读公路路线纵断面图 Task Reading road profile diagram

项目三：识读与绘制道路工程图路桥22-3/4工程制图与识图0006任务32：识读公路路线纵断面图Project3：ReadingandDrawingRoadEngineeringFigureTask32：Readingroadprofilediagram项目三：识读与绘制道路工程图Task31：Readingroadplanefigure任务31识读公路路线平面图Task32：Readingroadprofilediagram任务32识读公路路线纵断面图Task33：Readingcrosssectionfigureofroadbed任务33识读、绘制公路路基横断面图Project3：ReadingandDrawingRoadEngineeringFigureContentsofroadprofilediagram路线纵断面图的内容Theroadprofilediagramismainlyusedtoexpressthelongitudinaldesignlineshape,theupsanddownsofthegroundalongthecenterline,thegeologyandthegeneralsituationofthestructuresalongtheroad.路线纵断面图主要用以表达道路的纵向设计线形以及沿路线中心线地面的高低起伏状况、地质和沿线设置构造物的概况等。Thefigurepartoftheroadprofilediagramisobtainedbyexpandingthesectionalongthecenterline.Thefollowinginformationcanbeknownbyreadingthefigurepart:路线纵断面图中的图样部分是用沿路线中心线展开剖切方法获得的，阅读图样部分主要了解以下信息:Scale:Thehorizontaldirectionoftheprofileshowsthelengthoftheroute,andtheverticaldirectionshowstheelevationofthedesignlineandtheground.比例：纵断面图的水平方向表示路线的长度（前进方向)，竖直方向表示设计线和地面的高程。Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramContentsofroadprofilediagram路线纵断面图的内容Designsurfaceandgroundsurface:thegroundisrepresentedbythethinsolidlineontheprofilediagramtoreflectthegroundfluctuationalongthemiddlelineofthehighway;Thedesignsurfaceisrepresentedbythethicksolidline,whichreflectstheroadfluctuation.Thefillingheightcanbedeterminedbycomparingtherelativepositionofthedesignsurfaceandtheground.设计线和地面线：在纵断面图上用细实线表示地面线，反映沿公路中线的地面起伏变化情况;用粗实线表示设计线，反映了公路路线的起伏变化情况，设计线上各点的标高通常是指路基边缘的设计高程。比较设计线与地面线的相对位置，可决定填挖高度。Benchmark:controlpointformeasuringelevationalongtheline水准点：沿线设置的测量高程控制点。Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramContentsofroadprofilediagram路线纵断面图的内容Verticalcurve:theslopepointofthedesignlineisprovidedwithanarcverticalcurvetofacilitatethesmoothrunningofvehicles,concave,convextwokindsofcurves.竖曲线：在设计线的边坡点设呈圆弧竖曲线，便于车辆平稳行驶,分凹、凸两种曲线。Engineeringstructures:engineeringstructuresalongtheroadshouldbemarkedwithverticalleadlinesaboveorbelowthedesignlinealignedwiththecentralpositionofthestructure,andmarkedthenameofthestructure,specificationandmileagepilenumber.工程构筑物：道路沿线的工程构筑物应在设计线的上方或下方对准构筑物的中心位置用竖直引出线标注，并标注构筑物的名称、规格和里程桩号。Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramEffects作用:Presentingtheverticaldesignlines(slope,verticalcurve);表达路线的纵向设计线型（坡度、竖曲线）;Presentingthefluctuationofthegroundatthecenterlineoftheroad.表达路线中心线处地面的高低起伏状况。

Characteristics图示特点:Usinganimaginaryplumbplanetocutalongthecenterlineoftheroute,thenunfoldingthedrawing;用假想的铅垂面沿着路线中心线进行剖切，然后展开绘制;Theverticalscaleis10timeslargerthanthehorizontalscale.纵向比例比横向比例放大10倍。Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramScale比例尺Heightscale高程标尺Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramDesighedsurface设计线ground地面线Excavating挖方Filling填方Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramThegroundlineisrepresentedbythethinsolidline,whichisanirregularbrokenlinedrawnaccordingtothegroundelevationofeachpilepointonthemiddleline,reflectingthegroundfluctuationchangesalongthemiddlelineofthehighway.Desighedsurface设计线ground地面线Excavating挖方Filling填方Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramThedesignsurfaceisrepresentedbyathicksolidline,reflectingtheupsanddownsofthehighwayroute.Thefillingheightcanbedeterminedbycomparingtherelativepositionofthedesignlineandthegroundline.任务32识读公路路线纵断面图Desighedsurface设计线ground地面线Excavating挖方Filling填方地面线用细实线表示，是根据中线上各桩点的地面高程而点绘的一条不规则的折线，反映了沿着公路中线的地面起伏变化情况；设计线用粗实线表示，反映了公路路线的起伏变化情况。比较设计线与地面线的相对位置，可决定填挖高度。concavecurve凹曲线gradechangepoint变坡点convexcurve凸曲线concavecurve凹曲线Therearethreeslopechangepointsinthisfigure,amongwhichthepilenumberattherightmostslopechangepointisK6+940.Theelevationoftheslopechangeis141.51m,andthereisaconcaveverticalcurve(R=132000m,T=51.158m,E=0.109m).Task32：Readingroadprofilediagram任务32识读公路路线纵断面图concavecurve凹曲线gradechangepoint变坡点本图中有三个变坡点，其中最右侧变坡点处桩号为K6+940，竖曲线中变坡点的高程为141.51m，设有凹形竖曲线（R=12000m，T=51.158m，E=0.109m)convexcurve凸曲线concavecurve凹曲线culvert涵洞构造物Therearetwoculvertsonthefigure.ThepointofK6+430andK6+683metershaveareinforcedconcretecoverculvertwithaholeof32meters.本图路线上共有两处涵洞，K6+430和K6+683米处各设有一座一孔32米的钢筋混凝土盖板涵。Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramBenchmark水准点Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramExercise:Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramContentsofdatatable路线纵断面图资料表的内容Thedatadatatableoftheroadprofilediagramreflectstheelevation,theamountoffillingandexcavating,thegeologicalconditions,theslopeandthecoordinationbetweenthehorizontalcurveandtheverticalcurveofthelongitudinaldesignatpilenumber.Itisalignedupanddownwiththedrawingforeasyreading.路线纵断面图的测设数据表是反映纵向设计在各桩号处的高程、填挖方量、地质条件和坡度以及平曲线与竖曲线的配合关系等，与图样上下对齐布置，以便阅读。Thefollowinginformationcanbeknownbyreadingthedatatable:阅读资料表部分主要了解以下信息:Geologicalsetting:reflectingthegeologicalconditionsofsectionalongtheroad.地质概况：反映沿线各段的地质情况。Milepostnumber:reflectingthemilepostnumberofalongtheline,fillingthemeasuredmilepostvalue.Pilenumbersarearrangedfromlefttoright.里程桩号：反映沿线各点的桩号，按测量的里程数值填入。桩号从左向右排列，在平曲线特征点的起点、中点、终点和桥涵中心点等处可设置加桩。Task32：ReadingroadprofilediagramContentsofdatatable路线纵断面图资料表的内容Elevation:reflectingtheelevationofthedesignsurfaceandthepointsonthegroundline(pilenumber).标高：反映设计线和地面线上各点（桩号）的高程。Fillinganddiggingheight:reflectingtheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthedesignelevationandthegroundel