2024年二级翻译专业资格高频题库新版

2024年二级翻译专业资格高频题库最新版词汇与语法1.Thenewpolicywillhaveaprofoundimpact______thelocaleconomy.A.inB.onC.atD.for答案：B。“haveanimpacton”是固定搭配，表示“对……有影响”。2.Despitethechallenges,sheremained______inherpursuitofthedream.A.persistedB.persistenceC.persistentD.persevered答案：C。“remain”是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，“persistent”是形容词，意为“坚持不懈的”。3.Theprofessorgaveavery______lectureoncontemporaryart.A.informB.informedC.informativeD.information答案：C。“lecture”是名词，前面需要用形容词修饰，“informative”意为“信息丰富的，有教益的”。4.Weshouldtakemeasurestopreventtheproblemfrom______worse.A.gettingB.getC.togetD.got答案：A。“from”是介词，后面接动词的-ing形式，“prevent...fromdoingsth.”表示“阻止……做某事”。5.Thecompanyisplanningamajor______toimproveitsmarketshare.A.campaignB.combatC.battleD.war答案：A。“campaign”可表示“商业活动，宣传活动”；“combat”主要指“战斗，格斗”；“battle”侧重于“战役”；“war”指“战争”。这里说公司为提高市场份额的活动，用“campaign”合适。6.Hisexplanationwasso______thateveryonecouldunderstanditeasily.A.clearB.clearlyC.clarityD.clarify答案：A。“was”是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，“clear”是形容词，意为“清晰的”。7.Theoldmanhasa______memory,stillrememberingdetailsfromhischildhood.A.goodB.wellC.fineD.nice答案：A。“good”可用来形容“记忆力好”；“well”作形容词时，通常指身体状况好；“fine”强调质量、品质好等；“nice”侧重于“令人愉快的，美好的”。这里说老人记忆力好，用“good”。8.Theydecidedto______theprojectduetolackoffunds.A.abandonB.leaveC.desertD.quit答案：A。“abandon”强调完全放弃，常指因困难、压力等原因而放弃计划、项目等；“leave”主要指“离开某地”；“desert”有“遗弃，抛弃”之意，常带有贬义；“quit”一般指“辞职，放弃工作等”。这里说因资金缺乏放弃项目，用“abandon”。9.Thenewsoftwareisdesignedtobemore______thanthepreviousversion.A.user-friendlyB.users-friendlyC.user-friendD.users-friend答案：A。“user-friendly”是复合形容词，意为“用户友好的”，在这种复合形容词中，名词用单数形式。10.Theresultsoftheexperimentare______withourpreviousfindings.A.consistentB.consistC.consistencyD.consistently答案：A。“beconsistentwith”是固定短语，意为“与……一致”。汉译英1.随着经济的快速发展，人们的生活水平有了显著提高。Withtherapiddevelopmentoftheeconomy,people'slivingstandardshavebeensignificantlyimproved.2.教育在个人的成长和社会的进步中起着至关重要的作用。Educationplaysacrucialroleinthegrowthofindividualsandtheprogressofsociety.3.政府采取了一系列措施来保护环境。Thegovernmenthastakenaseriesofmeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.4.传统文化是一个国家和民族的精神财富。Traditionalcultureisthespiritualwealthofacountryandanation.5.科技创新正在改变我们的生活方式。Technologicalinnovationischangingourwayoflife.6.这座城市以其美丽的风景和悠久的历史而闻名。Thiscityisfamousforitsbeautifulsceneryandlong-standinghistory.7.我们应该尊重不同的文化和习俗。Weshouldrespectdifferentculturesandcustoms.8.体育锻炼不仅有助于身体健康，还能培养团队精神。Physicalexercisenotonlycontributestophysicalhealthbutalsohelpstocultivateteamspirit.9.互联网为人们获取信息提供了极大的便利。TheInternetprovidesgreatconvenienceforpeopletoaccessinformation.10.越来越多的人意识到健康饮食的重要性。Moreandmorepeopleareawareoftheimportanceofahealthydiet.英译汉1.Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligenceisbringingaboutprofoundchangesinvariousfields.人工智能的发展正在各个领域带来深刻的变化。2.Theinternationalcommunityshouldworktogethertoaddressglobalchallengessuchasclimatechange.国际社会应该共同努力应对气候变化等全球性挑战。3.Educationisthekeytounlockingaperson'spotentialandachievingsocialequality.教育是开启个人潜力和实现社会平等的关键。4.Theculturalexchangebetweendifferentcountriesenrichespeople'sunderstandingoftheworld.不同国家之间的文化交流丰富了人们对世界的认识。5.Thecompany'snewproducthasreceivedpositivefeedbackfromcustomers.该公司的新产品得到了客户的积极反馈。6.Thepolicyaimstopromoteeconomicgrowthandcreatemorejobopportunities.这项政策旨在促进经济增长并创造更多的就业机会。7.Scientificresearchrequirespatience,perseveranceandinnovation.科学研究需要耐心、毅力和创新精神。8.Thetourismindustryhasbecomeanimportantpartofthelocaleconomy.旅游业已成为当地经济的重要组成部分。9.Theadvancementoftechnologyhasmadeourlivesmoreconvenientandefficient.科技的进步使我们的生活更加便捷和高效。10.Theartexhibitionshowcasesawiderangeofmodernartworks.这次艺术展览展示了各种各样的现代艺术作品。段落翻译汉译英在当今全球化的时代，文化交流变得越来越频繁。不同国家和民族之间的文化相互碰撞、相互融合，形成了丰富多彩的文化景观。文化交流不仅促进了不同文化之间的相互理解和尊重，也为世界的和平与发展做出了贡献。通过文化交流，人们可以了解不同国家的历史、传统和价值观，拓宽自己的视野，丰富自己的人生体验。Intoday'seraofglobalization,culturalexchangeshavebecomeincreasinglyfrequent.Theculturesofdifferentcountriesandethnicgroupscollideandintegratewitheachother,creatingarichanddiverseculturallandscape.Culturalexchangesnotonlypromotemutualunderstandingandrespectamongdifferentculturesbutalsocontributetoworldpeaceanddevelopment.Throughculturalexchanges,peoplecanlearnaboutthehistory,traditionsandvaluesofdifferentcountries,broadentheirhorizonsandenrichtheirlifeexperiences.英译汉Inrecentyears,theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasgainedwiderecognitionaroundtheworld.Itemphasizesthebalancebetweeneconomicdevelopment,socialprogressandenvironmentalprotection.Byadoptingsustainabledevelopmentstrategies,countriescanensurethattheireconomicgrowthisnotachievedattheexpenseoftheenvironment.Instead,theycanpromoteaharmoniousco-existencebetweenhumansandnature,andleaveabetterworldforfuturegenerations.近年来，可持续发展的理念在全球范围内得到了广泛认可。它强调经济发展、社会进步和环境保护之间的平衡。通过采取可持续发展战略，各国可以确保其经济增长不是以牺牲环境为代价的。相反，它们可以促进人与自然的和谐共处，为子孙后代留下一个更美好的世界。篇章翻译汉译英中国是一个拥有悠久历史和灿烂文化的国家。从古老的丝绸之路到如今的“一带一路”倡议，中国一直积极参与国际交流与合作。丝绸之路不仅是一条贸易通道，更是文化交流的桥梁，促进了东西方文明的相互了解和融合。如今，“一带一路”倡议继承和发扬了丝绸之路精神，致力于加强沿线国家的互联互通和经济合作。通过基础设施建设、贸易往来和人文交流，“一带一路”倡议为世界经济增长注入了新动力，推动了全球经济的共同繁荣。Chinaisacountrywithalonghistoryandsplendidculture.FromtheancientSilkRoadtothecurrentBeltandRoadInitiative,Chinahasalwaysactivelyparticipatedininternationalexchangesandcooperation.TheSilkRoadwasnotonlyatraderoutebutalsoabridgeforculturalexchanges,whichpromotedthemutualunderstandingandintegrationofEasternandWesterncivilizations.Today,theBeltandRoadInitiativeinheritsandcarriesforwardthespiritoftheSilkRoadandiscommittedtostrengtheningconnectivityandeconomiccooperationamongcountriesalongtheroutes.Throughinfrastructureconstruction,tradeexchangesandpeople-to-peopleandculturalexchanges,theBeltandRoadInitiativehasinjectednewimpetusintoworldeconomicgrowthandpromotedthecommonprosperityoftheglobaleconomy.英译汉TheUnitedStatesisahighlydevelopedcountrywithadiversepopulation.Itisknownforitsadvancedtechnology,strongeconomyandinfluentialculture.Hollywood,locatedinLosAngeles,isthecenteroftheglobalfilmindustry,producingcountlesspopularmoviesthatarelovedbypeopleallovertheworld.Inadditiontoitsculturalinfluence,theUnitedStatesalsoplaysanimportantroleininternationalpoliticsanddiplomacy.ItisapermanentmemberoftheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilandparticipatesactivelyinglobalaffairs.However,likeanyothercountry,theUnitedStatesalsofacesvariouschallenges,suchassocialinequality,racialissuesandenvironmentalproblems.美国是一个高度发达的国家，人口构成多元化。它以先进的技术、强大的经济和有影响力的文化而闻名。位于洛杉矶的好莱坞是全球电影产业的中心，制作了无数深受世界各地人们喜爱的热门电影。除了其文化影响力外，美国在国际政治和外交中也发挥着重要作用。它是联合国安理会的常任理事国，积极参与全球事务。然而，和其他国家一样，美国也面临着各种挑战，如社会不平等、种族问题和环境问题等。综合选择题1.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrecttranslationof“改革开放”？A.ReformandOpening-upB.ReformingandOpeningC.ReformandOpenD.ReformedandOpened答案：A。“改革开放”固定表达为“ReformandOpening-up”。2.“小康社会”canbetranslatedas______.A.Well-offSocietyB.ComfortableSocietyC.Small-richSocietyD.Moderately-prosperousSociety答案：D。“小康社会”规范的英文表达是“Moderately-prosperousSociety”。3.Theword“renaissance”inEnglishisclosestinmeaningto______inChinese.A.复兴B.新生C.重生D.再生答案：A。“renaissance”常见释义为“复兴，文艺复兴”，最贴切的是“复兴”。4.Whentranslating“绿水青山就是金山银山”,whichofthefollowingismoreappropriate?A.Lucidwatersandlushmountainsareinvaluableassets.B.Greenwaterandgreenmountainsaregoldandsilvermountains.C.Clearwaterandgreenmountainsarepreciousmountains.D.Bluewaterandgreenmountainsarevaluableassets.答案：A。“绿水青山就是金山银山”官方权威译文是“Lucidwatersandlushmountainsareinvaluableassets”。5.Theterm“e-commerce”refersto______.A.电子通信B.电子商务C.电子娱乐D.电子交易答案：B。“e-commerce”即“电子商务”。6.“以人为本”canbetranslatedas______.A.People-orientedB.Human-centeredC.Person-basedD.Alloftheabove答案：D。“以人为本”常见表达有“People-oriented”“Human-centered”“Person-based”等。7.Theword“utopia”inEnglishisoftentranslatedas______inChinese.A.理想国B.乌托邦C.世外桃源D.仙境答案：B。“utopia”就是“乌托邦”的意思。8.Whentranslating“精准扶贫”,thecorrectoptionis______.A.PrecisepovertyalleviationB.AccuratepovertyreductionC.ExactpovertyeliminationD.Alloftheabovecanbeused答案：A。“精准扶贫”规范译文是“Precisepovertyalleviation”。9.TheEnglishphrase“ruleoflaw”correspondsto______inChinese.A.法律规则B.法治C.法律统治D.法律原则答案：B。“ruleoflaw”是“法治”的意思。10.“一带一路”Initiativeisanabbreviationof______.A.SilkRoadEconomicBeltand21st-CenturyMaritimeSilkRoadB.SilkRoadTradeBeltand21st-CenturyOceanSilkRoadC.SilkRoadBusinessBeltand21st-CenturySeaSilkRoadD.SilkRoadFinancialBeltand21st-CenturyMaritimeSilkRoad答案：A。“一带一路”是“SilkRoadEconomicBeltand21st-CenturyMaritimeSilkRoad”的简称。简答题1.Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenliteraltranslationandfreetranslation?Literaltranslationfocusesontranslatingthewordsandsentencesasliterallyaspossiblewhilekeepingtheoriginalstructureandformofthesourcelanguage.Itissuitablefortranslatingtechnicaldocuments,legaltexts,etc.,whereaccuracyandstrictcompliancewiththeoriginalarecrucial.Freetranslation,ontheotherhand,paysmoreattentiontoexpressingthemeaningandspiritoftheoriginaltextinamoreflexibleway.Itmayadjustthestructure,wordorderandevenaddordeletesomewordsaccordingtothecontextandthetargetlanguage'susagehabits.Itisoftenusedinliterarytranslationtoconveytheartisticconceptionandemotionaltoneoftheoriginalwork.2.HowcanweimproveourEnglish-Chinesetranslationskills?Firstly,weshouldbuildasolidlanguagefoundation.Thisincludesalargevocabulary,goodgrammarknowledgeandanunderstandingofthelanguage'sculturalbackgroundinbothEnglishandChinese.Secondly,readalotofbilingualmaterials.Bycomparingtheoriginaltextandthetranslatedversion,wecanlearndifferenttranslationmethodsandskills.Thirdly,practicetranslationregularly.Startfromshorttextsandgraduallymoveontolongerandmorecomplexones.Andthenaskothers,suchasteachersorprofessionaltranslators,togivefeedbackonourtranslationstofindoutourweaknessesandimprovethem.3.Intheprocessoftranslation,whatshouldwepayattentiontowhendealingwithcultural-specificterms?Whendealingwithcultural-specificterms,weneedtounderstandtheculturalconnotationsbehindtheminthesourcelanguage.Wecanusefootnotesorannotationstoexplainthespecialculturalmeaningsifnecessary.Wealsoneedtofindappropriateequivalentsinthetargetlanguage.Sometimes,directtranslationmaynotwork,andwemayneedtouseparaphrasingorculturalsubstitutionmethods.Forexample,whentranslatingChinesetraditionalfestivals,wecanexplaintheirculturalsignificanceinEnglishtohelpthetarget-languagereadersunderstand.4.Whatistheimportanceofcontextintranslation?Contextisofgreatimportanceintranslation.Ithelpsustodeterminetheaccuratemeaningofwordsandsentences.Awordmayhavedifferentmeaningsindifferentcontexts.Forexample,theword“bank”canmean“afinancialinstitution”or“thesideofariver”dependingonthecontext.Contextalsohelpsustochoosetheappropriatetranslationstrategy.Inaformalcontext,wemaychooseamoreformalandaccuratetranslation,whileinaninformalcontext,amorecolloquialandflexibletranslationmaybemoresuitable.5.Howtoensuretheaccuracyofnumbersanddatesintranslation?Whentranslatingnumbersanddates,weneedtobeextremelycareful.Fornumbers,weshouldmakesuretousethecorrectnumericalformandunitinthetargetlanguage.Forexample,whentranslatinglargenumbers,weneedtopayattentiontothedifferenceinthewayofexpressingnumbersindifferentlanguages.Fordates,weneedtofollowthedate-writingconventionsofthetargetlanguage.Forexample,inEnglish,theorderofmonth,dayandyearmaybedifferentfromthatinChinese.Wealsoneedtobeawareofdifferentcalendarsystemsindifferentcultures,suchastheGregoriancalendarandthelunarcalendar.改错题1.Thereportisveryimportanceforourdecision-making.错误点：“importance”是名词，这里需要形容词“important”作表语。改正后：Thereportisveryimportantforourdecision-making.2.Hehasbeenworkedinthiscompanyforfiveyears.错误