新发展英语（第二版）综合教程3 课件 Unit 9 Teacher

Unit9新发展英语3TeacherGetsomeideasaboutthedesirablepersonalqualitiesofateacheraswellasteachingprofession.0102030405Learnusefulwordsandexpressionsdescribingthepersonalityofteachersyouknow.Learntousethestructures:notmerely…but…,take(sth.)inone'sstride,tuneinto,etc.

Learntofillinjobapplicationforms.Readfurtherforadeeperunderstandingandappreciationoftheroleofateacherinteachingandlearning.StudyFocusIntensiveReading01A.Discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartners.Pre-readingPreparationDoyouagreethatateacherplaysanindispensableroleinthesuccessofaperson'sschoolcareer?Whatinyouropinionshouldagoodteacher-studentrelationshipbelike?Giveexamplesfromeitheryourknowledgeoryourownexperiencestosupportyourviews.01010102B.Readthefollowingsentencescarefullyandworkoutthemeaningofeachunderlinedwordsandexpressions.Pre-readingPreparation1Theyexcludepeoplefromjoiningtheclubwhoareunder18orwithoutthedesiredknowledgeandexperience.2Ididn'tgetmuchsympathyfromthedoctorwhenItoldhimaboutmypains.3Awisemanknowshisownstrengthsandlimitations.01B.Readthefollowingsentencescarefullyandworkoutthemeaningofeachunderlinedwordsandexpressions.Pre-readingPreparation4MartinLutherKingwasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizeof1964foradvocatingnonviolenceinthecivilrightsmovement.5Whenyougotoaforeigncountry,youmustadaptyourselftonewmannersandcustoms.6Wedrewupalistofthingswerequired.01ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教师的个性品质Text

在这里，我想探讨一下"教师应具有哪些个性品质"这个问题。或许没有哪两个人能列出完全相似的答案，不过我想以下几点应该是人们普遍接受的。

HereIwanttotrytogiveyouananswertothequestion:Whatpersonalqualitiesaredesirableinateacher?Probablynotwopeoplewoulddrawupexactlysimilarlists,butIthinkthefollowingwouldbegenerallyaccepted.1ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教师的个性品质Text

首先，教师应性情活泼开朗，具有魅力。这并不是说要将那些其貌不扬甚至长相丑陋的人排除在外，因为许多这样的人有着巨大的人格魅力。但那些极易冲动者、郁郁寡欢者、冷酷无情者、尖酸刻薄者、愤世嫉俗者、灰心失意者以及盛气凌人者，却是定要排除在外的。此外，我认为，所有那些愚钝平庸、充满负向情绪的人，也都应该排除。我仍然坚持我以前书中所言："乏味或许比简单粗暴更加摧残学生。"First,theteacher'spersonalityshouldbelivelyandattractive.Thisdoesnot

ruleout

peoplewhoarephysicallyplain,orevenugly,becausemanysuchhavegreatpersonalcharm.Butitdoesruleoutsuchtypesastheover-excitable,melancholy,frigid,

sarcastic,cynical,frustrated,andoverbearing.Iwouldsaytoo,thatitexcludesallofdullorpurelynegativepersonality,IstillsticktowhatIsaidinmyearlierbook:thatschoolchildrenprobably"suffermorefromboresthanfrombrutes?"2ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教师的个性品质Text

其次，教师不仅需要而且也必须富有同情心——真正意义上的同情心，要能够设身处地地倾听他人的心声，特别要能感孩子们所感，思孩子们所思，因为教师中多为中小学教师。与此密切相关的是要做到宽容——当然，教师应该宽容的不是错误本身，而是人类脆弱而幼稚的本性，这些本性诱使人们尤其是孩子犯错误。Secondly,itisnotmerelydesirablebutessentialforateachertohaveagenuinecapacityforsympathy-intheliteralmeaningofthatword;acapacitytotuneintothemindsandfeelingsofotherpeople,especially,sincemostteachersareschoolteachers,tothemindsandfeelingsofchildren.Closelyrelatedwiththisisthecapacitytobetolerant--not.indeed,ofwhatiswrong,butofthefrailtyandimmaturityofhumannaturewhich

inducepeople,andagainespeciallychildren,tomakemistakes.3ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教师的个性品质Text

再次，我认为一个教师在知识和道德上都必须保证诚实。这并不是说要教师做道德圣人，而是说他应该意识到自己在学识上的优势和局限，而且应该考虑到并确定那些藉以指导自己人生的道德准则。教师还应具备几分演员的素质，这与前面所说的并不矛盾。这是教学技巧的一部分，教师应时常加以发挥运用，以活跃气氛、纠正错误、给予表扬。对孩子们来说，尤其是小孩子，他们的世界总是比现实更为生动有趣，更具吸引力。Thirdly,Iholditessentialforateachertobebothintellectuallyandmorallyhonest.Thisdoesnotmeanbeingaplastersaint.Itmcansthathewillbeawareofhisintellectualstrengths,andlimitations,andwillhavethoughtaboutanddecideduponthemoralprinciplesbywhichhislifeshallbeguided.Thereisnocontradictioninmygoingontosaythatateachershouldbeabitofanactor.Thatispartofthetechniqueofteaching,whichdemandsthateverynowandthenateachershouldbeabletoputonanact-toenlivenalesson,correctafault,orawardpraise.Children,especiallyyoungchildren,liveinaworldthatisratherlargerthanlife.4ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教师的个性品质Text

教师应时刻保持思维敏捷。智商低下者当然难入教师这一行，而智力中上者，停滞不前亦即不进而退的，也不乏其例。对于教师而言，无论遇到多么不可能的情况，他都应能迅速应对，而且，若有必要，还能在瞬息之间即兴发挥。Ateachermustremain

mentallyalert.Hewillnotgetintotheprofessionifoflowintelligence,butitisalltooeasy,evenforpeopleofabove-averageintelligence,tostagnateintellectually,andthatmeanstodeteriorateintellectually.Ateachermustbequicktoadapthimselftoanysituation,howeverimprobable(theyhappen!)andabletoimprovise,ifnecessary,

atlessthan

amoment'snotice.5ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教师的个性品质Text

另一方面，教师又必须有极大的耐心。我认为这要靠自我约束、自我训练，因为谁也不是天生如此。他应当有极强的适应能力。教书极费心思，教师要能够从容自若地处理任何与孩子打交道的成年人都必须忍受的数不清的烦恼。Ontheotherhand,ateachermustbecapableofinfinitepatience.This,Imaysay,islargelyamatterofself-disciplineandself-training;wearenoneofusbornlikethat.Hemustbeprettyresilient;teachingmakesgreatdemandsonnervousenergy.Andheshouldbeabletotakeinhisstridetheinnumerablepettyirritationsanyadultdealingwithchildrenhastoendure.6ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教师的个性品质Text

最后，教师应当始终做到学而不厌。教师这份工作，没人能做到尽善尽美，要学的东西也总是源源不断。教学的主要研究对象有三个：课程，即教师所执教的一门或几门课程；方法，即如何才能最有效地把课程内容传授给学生；教学对象，即学习这些课程的儿童、青年或成年人，这一点也是最重要的。当今英国教育有两个重要原则，其一，教育是对受教育者的全面素质教育；其二，实现教育的最佳途径就是教师和学生二者之间充分而积极的合作。Finally,Ithinkateachershouldhavethekindofmindwhichalwayswantstogoonlearning.Teachingisajobatwhichonewillneverbeperfectthereisalwayssomethingmoretolearnaboutit.Therearethreeprincipalobjectsofstudy:thesubject,orsubjects,whichtheteacheristeaching;themethodsbywhichtheycanbestbetaughttothe

particular

pupilsintheclassesheisteaching;and

by

farthemostimportant-thechildren,youngpeople,oradultstowhomsubjectsaretobetaught.ThetwocardinalprinciplesofBritisheducationtodayarethateducationiseducationofthewholeperson,andthatitisbestacquiredthroughfullandactivecooperationbetweentwopersons,theteacherandthelearner.7ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教师的个性品质LanguagePointsoftheText1.Thisdoesnotruleoutpeoplewhoarephysicallyplain,orevenugly,becausemanysuchhavegreatpersonalcharm.(Para.2)1)ruleout:toexclude;todecidenottoconsider"排除；不予考虑"ThedoctortookXraysandruledoutthechanceofbrokenbones.

医生作了X光透视，排除了骨折的可能性。2)形容词plain为多义词，此处指人的外貌"平常，不漂亮"（notprettyorgood-looking）。

比较以下各句中plain的其他意思：

a.Shemadeitplain(=clear)thatweshouldleave.

她明确表示要我们离开。LanguagePointsoftheText1.Thisdoesnotruleoutpeoplewhoarephysicallyplain,orevenugly,becausemanysuchhavegreatpersonalcharm.(Para.2)b.Wehadplain(=simple)foodeverydaywhilethere.

我们在那里时每天的食物很简单。c.It'sjustplain(=complete)foolishnesstoaskthatquestion!

提那种问题真是愚不可及！3)指示代词

such指前面提到的peoplewhoarephysically…；manysuch在从句中作主语，意为"许多这样的人"，含义为复数，无词形变化，但谓语动词有数的变化。

又如：a.AWelshvictoryhadbeenpredicted,andsuchindeedwastheresult.

有人预言威尔士队会获胜，果然不出所料。

b.Pleasesendmoreofyourlatestsamples,ifsucharestillavailable.

如果你们仍有最新的样品，请再寄一些给我们。

LanguagePointsoftheText2.Butitdoesruleoutsuchtypesastheover-excitable,…andoverbearing.(Para.2)

本句中theover-excitable，…andoverbearing意为thepeoplewhoareover-excitable，…andoverbearing。英语中某些形容词与定冠词连用，表示一类人或某种抽象概念。又如：

a.Severaloftheaccusedwerefoundguilty.

被告中有数人被判定有罪。LanguagePointsoftheText2.Butitdoesruleoutsuchtypesastheover-excitable,…andoverbearing.(Para.2)

b.Itisthesacreddutyofthemedicalworkerstorescuethedyingandhealthewounded.

救死扶伤是医务工作者的神圣职责。c.Somepeopleenjoythemysticalandthesupernaturalinliterature.

有些人很喜欢文学里神秘的和超自然的东西。LanguagePointsoftheText3.IstillsticktowhatIsaid…(Para.2)

stickto:tokeepto;nottoabandon"坚持；信守；不放弃"I'vemademydecisionandI'mgoingtosticktoit.

我已作了决定，而且我会坚持这一立场。LanguagePointsoftheText4.…thatschoolchildrenprobably"suffermorefromboresthanfrombrutes."(Para.2)该句中

more…than结构表达的意思为"与其说……不如说……"。又如：Heismoremadthanstupid.

与其说他傻，不如说他疯了。

名词bore意为"乏味的、令人厌烦的事物"，brute(=beast)常指"残忍无情、凶狠粗暴的人"，此处可理解为"粗暴、没有理性的人（或行为）"。suffermorefromboresthanfrombrutes因此可译为"乏味或许比简单粗暴更加摧残学生"。LanguagePointsoftheText5.Secondly,itisnotmerelydesirablebutessentialforateachertohave…(Para.3)1)notmerely…but…:notonly…but(also)…Theirdecisionwillaffectnotmerelyourclassbutthewholeschool.他们的决定将不仅影响到我们班，而且将影响到整个学校。LanguagePointsoftheText5.Secondly,itisnotmerely

desirable

butessentialforateachertohave…(Para.3)2)desirable:adj.worthhaving,doing,seeking,ordesiring"可取的，值得做的，理想的"a.Itisreallydesirabletohavehimworkinghere.

他能在这儿工作是最好不过的了。

b.Forthisjobitisdesirabletoknowsomethingaboutmedicine.

做这份工作最好有点医学知识。LanguagePointsoftheText6.…agenuinecapacityforsympathy,…acapacitytotuneintothemindsand…(Para.3)1)名词

capacity此处意为"能力"（ability;power），常与介词for或动词不定式搭配。a.Hehasagreatcapacityforenjoyinghimself.

他很会想办法自得其乐。b.Hercapacitytorememberfactsisremarkable.

她的记忆力十分惊人。LanguagePointsoftheText6.…agenuinecapacityforsympathy,…acapacitytotuneintothemindsand…(Para.3)比较：

Thehallwasfilledtocapacity(=completelyfull).

大厅已满座。2)tuneinto(常作betunedinto):tobeabletorealizeorunderstand(whatishappeningorwhatotherpeoplearethinking)"了解……；熟悉……"LanguagePointsoftheText6.…agenuinecapacityforsympathy,…acapacitytotunein

tothemindsand…(Para.3)a.Shedoesn'tseemverymuchtunedintothesenewdevelopments.

她对这些新的动态似乎不是很了解。

b.Votersalwayselectthecandidate(whois)mosttunedintotheirneeds.

选民总是选那些最能体察其疾苦的候选人。LanguagePointsoftheText7.Closelyrelatedwiththisisthecapacitytobetolerant—not,indeed,ofwhatiswrong,butofthefrailtyandimmaturityofhumannaturewhichinducepeople,andagainespeciallychildren,tomakemistakes.(Para.3)1)该句为倒装结构，由于主语（thecapacitytobetolerant…）较长，故将表语（closelyrelatedwiththis）提前，构成完全倒装。句中indeed为插入语，整个句子的正常语序应为Thecapacitytobetolerant,notof…,butof…,iscloselyrelatedwiththis.2)betolerantof:totolerate;toputupwith"容忍，宽容"Heisnotverytolerantofopinionsdifferentfromhisown.

他不大能容忍不同意见。LanguagePointsoftheText7.Closelyrelatedwiththisisthecapacitytobetolerant—not,indeed,ofwhatiswrong,butofthefrailtyandimmaturityofhumannaturewhichinducepeople,andagainespeciallychildren,tomakemistakes.(Para.3)3)induce:vt.toleadsb.todosth.oftenbypersuading"劝诱，劝说"a.Whatinducedyoutodosuchastupidthing?

是什么促使你做出了这等愚蠢的事？

b.Wecouldn'tinducetheoldladytotravelbyair.

我们无法劝说那位老太太坐飞机去。LanguagePointsoftheText8.Thirdly,Iholditessentialforateachertobebothintellectuallyandmorallyhonest.(Para.4)1)Iholditessentialforateachertobe…:

先行词it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后置的动词不定式短语forateachertobe…。又如：a.Weconsiderituselesstoarguewithhimonthatpoint.

我们觉得在那点上与他争辩是没用的。

b.Ideemitadvisableforhimtokeeptheaffairsecret.

我认为他对此事保守秘密是明智的。LanguagePointsoftheText8.Thirdly,Iholditessentialforateachertobebothintellectuallyandmorallyhonest.(Para.4)2)Iholditessential…意为Iconsider/thinkitessential…;Ibelieveittobeessential…;Ibelievethatitisessential…;动词

hold此处意为"持有（信念、见解等）；认为……"（tohave…inthemindorexpressasanopinionorbelief）。又如：

a.Iholdthatthispolicyismistaken.

我认为这个政策是错误的。LanguagePointsoftheText8.Thirdly,Iholditessentialforateachertobebothintellectuallyandmorallyhonest.(Para.4)b.Thecourtheldhimtohavetoldthetruth.

法庭认为他说了实话。

c.Iholdtheparentsresponsiblefortheirchild'sbehavior.

我认为父母应对孩子的行为负责。LanguagePointsoftheText9.Thisdoesnotmeanbeingaplastersaint.(Para.4)

plastersaint:apersonwithouthumanfailings;aperfectman"没有缺点的人；完人"plaster意为"石膏；灰泥"，此处plastersaint喻指"道德圣人、道德完人"，而不应理解为"石膏圣人"。LanguagePointsoftheText10.…hewillbeawareofhisintellectualstrengths,andlimitations,andwillhavethoughtaboutanddecideduponthemoralprinciplesbywhichhislifeshallbeguided.(Para.4)1)strengthsandlimitations:strongpointsandweaknesses;meritsanddemerits"优点与缺点"2)介词＋关系代词bywhich引出定语从句，修饰themoralprinciples。在以"介词＋关系代词"引出的定语从句中，介词的选择往往要根据介词和相关的动词、名词等的习惯搭配或句意而定。

LanguagePointsoftheText10.…hewillbeawareofhisintellectualstrengths,andlimitations,andwillhavethoughtaboutanddecideduponthemoralprinciplesbywhichhislifeshallbeguided.(Para.4)这样的定语从句既可是限制性定语从句，也可以是非限制性定语从句，又如本文中另外几例：

Teachingisajobatwhichonewillneverbeperfect;…Therearethreeprincipalobjectsofstudy:thesubject,orsubjects,whichtheteacheristeaching;LanguagePointsoftheText10.…hewillbeawareofhisintellectualstrengths,andlimitations,andwillhavethoughtaboutanddecideduponthemoralprinciplesbywhichhislifeshallbeguided.(Para.4)这样的定语从句既可是限制性定语从句，也可以是非限制性定语从句，又如本文中另外几例：

themethodsbywhichtheycanbestbetaughttotheparticularpupilsintheclassesheisteaching;andbyfarthemostimportant—thechildren,youngpeople,oradultstowhomsubjectsaretobetaught.LanguagePointsoftheText11.Thereisnocontradictioninmygoingontosaythatateachershouldbeabitofanactor.(Para.4)1)这句话也可以这样表达：ButthereisnodisagreementinvolvedifIgoontosaythatateacher…beabitofanactor。作者在前句中强调了教师应以道德准则（moralprinciples）指导人生，下面又说教师应具备演员的素质（beabitofanactor），并且要能够"做戏"（putonanact），前后看上去似乎有些"矛盾"，所以才说Thereisnocontradictioninmygoingontosaythat…2)abitof(a):alittleof"多少有点……；有些……"He'sabitofabore(=He'sratherboring).

他多少有点儿乏味。LanguagePointsoftheText12.…ateachershouldbeabletoputonanact—toenlivenalesson,correctafault,…(Para.4)1)putonanact:tobehaveinanaffectedway;topretend"装模作样；故作姿态；做戏"a.Don'tbetakeninbyhisflattery—he'sjustputtingonanact.

不要被他的恭维话所骗——他不过是装模作样罢了。

b.Johnwasn'treallyangry;hewasputtingonanact.

约翰并不是真的生气，他只是做做样子。LanguagePointsoftheText12.…ateachershouldbeabletoputonanact—toenlivenalesson,correctafault,…(Para.4)2)比较

fault和

mistake。两者均可表示"过错、错误"，但强调的内容不同，fault作"过失，

缺点"解，尤指道德、性格和习惯上的弱点或行为上的过失（weakness;imperfection），也指违反某一规定所造成的错误，往往强调其应负的责任（responsibilityforbeingwrong）：

a.Heisstillagoodboydespiteallhisfaults.

他尽管有种种过错，但还是一个好孩子。

b.We'vemissedtheplaneandit'sallyourfault!

我们误了飞机，这都是你的过错！LanguagePointsoftheText12.…ateachershouldbeabletoputonanact—toenlivenalesson,correctafault,…(Para.4)mistake作"错误，过失，误会"解，尤指因认识不足或判断、理解失误或考虑不周无意造成的错误（somethingwronglysaidordonethroughfaultyjudgment,inadequateknowledge,orinattention）：

a.Thewaitermadeamistakeoverthebill.

服务员把账算错了。b.Themistakewasmadeentirelythroughyourfault.

出了这个错完全是由于你的过失。LanguagePointsoftheText13.Children,especiallyyoungchildren,liveinaworldthatisratherlargerthanlife.(Para.4)largerthanlife:moreamusing,attractiveorexcitingthanusual"（人或物）更有趣、更具吸引力的；与众不同的，极不平常的"这句话也可表达为：Life,intheeyeofchildren,especiallyyoungchildren,consistsofnotonlyreality,butalsofantasyandimagination;therefore,theworld,tothem,ismoreimpressiveandexcitingthanitreallyis.LanguagePointsoftheText14.Ateachermustremainmentallyalert.Hewillnotgetintotheprofessionifoflowintelligence,…(Para.5)1)此处

remain为连系动词，意为"继续保持（某种状态）；依然（是）"，（=continuetobe），后常接名词、形容词等作表语，如：

a.Thesituationhasremainedunchanged.

局势依然未变。

b.Thisstillremainsaseriousproblem.

这依然是个严重的问题。

LanguagePointsoftheText14.Ateachermustremainmentallyalert.Hewillnotgetintotheprofessionifoflowintelligence,…(Para.5)比较：Theonlyproblemthatremains(=thatisleft)iswhetherornotwecanraisethemoney.唯一剩下的问题就是我们能否筹到这笔钱。2)该句if从句中省略了人称代词主语和谓语动词be，完整表达应为"…ifheisoflowintelligence…"LanguagePointsoftheText15.Ateachermustbequicktoadapthimselftoanysituation,howeverimprobable(theyhappen!)andabletoimprovise,ifnecessary,atlessthanamoment'snotice.(Para.5)1)这里

howeverimprobable后面省略了itis。由连接副词however(=nomatterhow)引出的让步状语从句中，有时可省略谓语部分，或将人称代词主语和谓语动词be全部省略，仅保留however+形容词/副词。又如：a.Iwon'taccepttheiroffer,howeverfavourabletheconditions(maybe).

无论条件多好，我也不会接受他们的建议。

b.Therumour,howeverincredible(itwas),wasbelievedbythenatives.

无论这个谣传多么难以置信，当地人都信以为真。LanguagePointsoftheText15.Ateachermustbequicktoadapthimselftoanysituation,howeverimprobable(theyhappen!)andabletoimprovise,ifnecessary,atlessthanamoment'snotice.(Para.5)2)括号中

theyhappen!为插入语，可理解为sometimestheimprobablethingsdohappen!3)ifnecessary:ifitisnecessary"如果必要的话"Youcanusethesereferencebooks,ifnecessary.如果有必要，你可使用这些参考书。LanguagePointsoftheText15.Ateachermustbequicktoadapthimselftoanysituation,howeverimprobable(theyhappen!)andabletoimprovise,ifnecessary,atlessthanamoment'snotice.(Para.5)4)

atamoment'snotice:

immediately;rightaway"马上，立即"句中notice之前插入lessthan，进一步强调时间的瞬间性。notice此处意为"预告；通知"（warningorinformationaboutsomethingthatisgoingtohappen），常见于短语at…notice等表达。如：

LanguagePointsoftheText15.Ateachermustbequicktoadapthimselftoanysituation,howeverimprobable(theyhappen!)andabletoimprovise,ifnecessary,atlessthanamoment'snotice.(Para.5)

a.Canyoubereadyattenminutes'notice

(=ifItellyouonlytenminutesbefore)?

你能在十分钟内准备好吗？

b.Thedoctorcameatshortnotice(=rightafterhewasinformed).

医生一接到通知就来了。

c.Ifyouwanttoreservearoom,youhavetogivethemafewdays'notice(=informthemafewdaysearlier).

如果你要预订房间，必须提前几天通知他们。LanguagePointsoftheText16.This,Imaysay,islargelyamatterof…;wearenoneofusbornlikethat.(Para.6)1)largely:adv.toagreatdegree;mostly;chiefly"在很大程度上；主要地"a.Hissuccesseswerelargelyduetoluck.

他的成功主要靠运气。

b.Checkshavelargelyreplacedmoneyasameansofexchange.

作为交易方式，支票已经在很大程度上取代了现金。LanguagePointsoftheText16.This,Imaysay,islargely

amatterof…;wearenoneofusbornlikethat.(Para.6)2)wearenoneofusbornlikethat可理解为noneofusareborntobecapableofinfinitepatience.LanguagePointsoftheText17.Hemustbeprettyresilient;teachingmakesgreatdemandsonnervousenergy.(Para.6)nervousenergy:"充沛的精力；旺盛的精力"LanguagePointsoftheText18.Andheshouldbeabletotakeinhisstridetheinnumerablepettyirritationsanyadultdealingwithchildrenhastoendure.(Para.6)1)takesth.inone'sstride:toacceptordealwithsth.effortlessly"从容地/轻而易举地对付（某事）"a.Theytookeverydifficultyintheirstride.

他们轻而易举地克服了困难。b.Hehaslearnedtotakedisappointmentsinhisstride.

他学会了失望时泰然处之。LanguagePointsoftheText18.Andheshouldbeabletotakeinhisstridetheinnumerablepettyirritationsanyadultdealingwithchildrenhastoendure.(Para.6)2)这里

anyadultdealingwithchildrenhastoendure为定语从句，修饰irritations，意为"任何与孩子打交道的成年人都必须忍受的数不清的烦恼"。关系代词that在从句中作宾语，故省略。LanguagePointsoftheText19.Thetwocardinalprinciples…thateducationiseducationofthewholeperson,…(Para.7)

此处

thewholeperson应理解为thepersonwithhispersonality,capabilityandallotherdesiredqualitiescombinedinhim,ratherthanjusthisknowledge。NewWords

desirable/dɪˈzaɪərəbəl/adj.worthhaving,doing,seeking,ordesiring可取的，值得做的，理想的ugly/ˈʌɡli/adj.

unpleasanttolookat,extremelyunattractive丑陋的，难看的

melancholy/ˈmeləŋkɒli/adj.

(formal)depressedinspirits,sad[正式]忧郁的，悲伤的frigid/ˈfrɪdʒɪd/adj.coldinmanner,unfriendly,lackingwarmthoffeeling冷淡的，缺乏热情的sarcastic/sɑːˈkæstɪk/adj.usingormarkedbysarcasm讥讽的，嘲笑的，挖苦的NewWords

cynical/ˈsɪnɪkəl/adj.(derogatory)likeortypicalofacynic[贬]愤世嫉俗的，冷嘲热讽的，好挖苦人的exclude/ɪksˈkluːd/vt.

tokeeporshutoutfromconsiderationorinclusion把……排除在外，对……不予考虑

suffer/ˈsʌfə(r)/vt.

toexperiencepain,difficultyorloss遭受(痛

苦);受(损害

、

损失等)sympathy/ˈsɪmpəθi/n.feelingofpityorsorrowforapersonintrouble同情literal/ˈlɪtərəl/adj.followingtheexactmeaningwithnoexaggerationandnothingaddedbytheimagination照字面的，完全根据原文的NewWords

frailty/ˈfreɪlti/n.(formal)aweaknessofcharacterorbehavior[正

式](品性或行为上的)弱点，缺点immaturity/ˌɪməˈtʃʊə(r)/n.

thestateorqualityofbeingimmature(理智、智力等的)不成熟，不老练

induce/ɪnˈdjuːs/vt.

(formal)tolead(somebodytodosomething)byinfluenceorpersuasion[正式]劝诱，促使(某人做某事)plaster/ˈplɑːstər/n.asubstanceputonwalls,etc.whichdriestoformahardsmoothsurface(涂抹墙壁等用的)灰泥saint/seɪnt/n.anextremelyvirtuousperson圣人，圣徒，道德崇高的人NewWords

limitation/ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən/n.(usu.pl.)aweaknessofbodyorcharacterwhichlimitsone'sactions[常用复数](身体或个性上的)局限，不足之处principle/ˈprɪnsəpəl/n.

amoralruleorsetofideaswhichguidesbehavior道德标准，准则

contradiction/ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkʃən/n.

1.directoppositionbetweenthingscompared矛盾；2.inconsistency不一致enliven/ɪnˈlaɪvən/vt.tomakemoreactive,spirited,orcheerful使活泼，使有生气fault/fɒlt/n.amistakeorimperfection差错，错误，过失NewWords

award/əˈwɔːd/vt.tograntasmeritedordue(因优点或善行而)奖励，授予，给予remain/rɪˈmeɪn/vt.

tocontinuetobe(inanunchangedstate)继续，依然(不变)

profession/prəˈfeʃən/n.

anoccupationrequiringconsiderabletrainingandspecializedstudy(尤指受过教育和专门训练的)专业，职业stagnate/stæɡˈneɪt/vi.tostopdevelopingormakingprogress停滞，不发展deteriorate/dɪˈtɪəriəreɪt/vi.tobecomeworse变坏，恶化NewWords

adapt/əˈdæpt/vt.tomakeorbecomesuitable(fornewneeds,differentconditions,etc.)(使)适应，(使)适合improvise/ˈɪmprəvaɪz/vi.

todosomethingwithoutpreparation临时做，即兴做某事

infinite/ˈɪnfɪnət/adj.

1.verygreat极大的；2.withoutlimits无穷的resilient/rɪˈzɪliənt/adj.abletorecoverquicklyfromshockordepression能迅速恢复活力的，适应性强的stride

/straɪd/n.alongstepinwalking大步，阔步NewWords

innumerable/ɪˈnjuːmərəbəl/adj.1.toomanytobecounted数不清的；2.numerous无数的，许多的petty/ˈpeti/adj.

of(relatively)littleimportance不重要的，琐碎的

irritation/ˌɪrɪˈteɪʃən/n.

feelingofanger,annoyanceorimpatience恼怒，

恼火particular/pəˈtɪkjələ(r)/adj.oforrelatingtoasingle,definitepersonorthing(人或物)特定的，特指的cardinal

/ˈkɑːdɪnəl/adj.1.offoremostimportance最重要的；2.paramount主要的NewWords

acquire/əˈkwaɪə(r)/vt.togetbyone'sownability,effortsorbehavior(靠

自己的能力、努力等)获得，得到Phrases&Expressions

drawuptoprepareandputintowrittenform,todraft起草，拟定

ruleout1.toexclude排除；2.todecidenot

toconsider不予考虑tuneintotobeabletorealizeorunderstand熟悉……,了解……decideupon...tomakeachoiceorjudgmentabout对……做出决定

everynowandthenattimes,sometimes偶尔，时而Phrases&Expressions

putonanacttobehaveinanaffectedway装模作样，故作姿态

atamoment'snoticeimmediately,rightaway马上，立即take(something)inone'sstridetoacceptordealwitheffortlessly从容地/轻而易举地对付(某事)byfarbyalargeamountordegree……得多(指量或程度)CulturalBackgroundandRelatedInformation

英国教育经历了长达800年的检验，仍然居世界之先，其精髓在于注重全面素质教育，教会学生怎样去思考，培养学生独立工作的能力，以及启发他们主动学习。英国的学校为学生提供充满活力、创新和挑战的环境，以促使学生个体充分发挥自己的潜能。ReadingComprehensionDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).Thengobacktothetextforacheckofyourunderstanding.Youshouldtellwhichline(s)ofwhichparagraphsupport(s)you.Finally,workinpairstocorrectthosefalsestatements.ReadingComprehensionFactSearching1Accordingtotheauthor,therearegenerallyacceptedpersonalqualitiesofateacherthoughdifferentpeoplecertainlyholdvariousopinionsaboutthis.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.2Ateacherwithafine,pleasantpersonalitydoesnotnecessarilyhavetobeveryappealinginappearancesincepeoplewhoarephysicallyplainorevenuglymayhavegreatpersonalcharm.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.

12-31-32ReadingComprehensionFactSearching3Aschoolteacherissupposedtobetolerantofchildren'swrongconductsincenochildcanbeimmunefrommakingmistakes.T/FLine(s)______Para______.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.4Wecaninferfromthepassagethatasaintisonewithbothintellectualandmoralhonesty.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.5Itisconflicting,accordingtotheauthor,torequireanhonestteachertoputonanactintheclass.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.5-83.Ateachershouldbetoler