阅读理解之词义猜测题策略与技巧课件-高三下学期英语二轮复习专项

高考英语阅读理解之词义猜测题技巧TheskillsforGuessingtheMeaningsofWordsorPhrasesWhileReadingLearningAims1.Concludetheskillsofguessingwordsaccordingtosentences.2.Applytheseskillscorrectlyandflexibly.3.Drawthemindmapoftheseskills.2.Applytheseskillscorrectlyandflexibly.Peterisverylazyandheneverdoeshishomework.Hecangotoauniversitywhenpigsfly.Accordingtothepassage,“whenpigsfly”means_______.impossible当猪在飞??Ifyoucomeacrossunfamiliarwordswhenreading,Whatwillyoudo?Ignore

themandcontinuereadingLookthemupinthedictionaryGuess

themeaning

How

toguessthemeaningsofwordsIntroductionofSomeimportantskills语境法Skill

1Guessthemeanings模仿2.AndrewisoneofthemostsuperciliousmenIknow.Hisbrother,incontrast,isquitehumbleandmodest.

（并列、近义关系）傲慢的（转折、反义关系）3.

Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitionsinoneday.极大地，巨大的（因果关系）Yourfinding?1.Childrenoftentrytoemulate,orcopythebehaviorthattheyseeontelevision逻辑关系：同义，反义，因果一、1coordination(并列，同义或近义关系)2adversativeandcontrast(转折和对比即反义关系)3Causeandeffect（因果关系）LogicalRelations(逻辑关系)Summarybycontrast/compareto/onthecontrary怎么有逻辑？

but/still/yet/however/otherwise/unlike/instead/ratherthan...although/though/as/while/evenif/eventhoughbecause/as/since/for/asaresult(of)/therefore/hence,/so/so...that/such...thatand/or//as…as/justas/similarlyononehand...ontheotherhand/foronething...foranotherthing/some...other+n/some...anotherSummaryCanyoulistsomesignalwords?转折：

因果：对比：

并列：

signalwords2020年全国Ⅱ卷·30Thefurtradekeptnutria(海狸鼠)incheckfordecades,

but

whenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapsed”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Boomed.B.Becamemature.C.Remainedstable.D.Crashed.PracticemakesperfectOnenonprofitorganization，whichmonitorsthetreatmentofanimalsinfilmedentertainment，iskeepingtabsonmorethan2，000productionsthisyear.（2020年全国III卷，B篇）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“keepingtabson”inparagraph3probablymean？A.Listingcompletely.B.Directingprofessionally.C.Promotingsuccessfully.D.Watchingcarefully.PracticemakesperfectSkill

21.Pantomimereferstoashortplayinwhichnowordsarespoken.2.Hewasaprestidigitatorwhoentertainedthechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhats,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks.Guess：3.Youmayborrowfromthelibraryanyperiodicals:NewsWeekly,Reader’sDigest,TheNewYorkers.期刊Yourfinding?（下定义）（从句）(符号/举例）哑剧变戏法的人二、Explanation1Definition2Clauses3Examples4SymbolsSummarylike,suchas,forexample/instance…怎么解释？

be/becalled/bedefinedas/mean/refertothat’stosay/inotherwords/namely…标点符号：从句：Summary是/称作、意思是：

换言之/即：

例如、像：

“_______”、“:”定从，同从signalwordsThere’salsotheaddedbonusthatelectricplanesarejustmuchmorepleasanttoflyin.Noloudenginenoise，nosmelloffuel，justenvironmentallyfriendlypeaceandquiet.（2020年5月天津卷，C篇）Theexpression“addedbonus”referstothefactthatelectricplanes.A.givepassengersmorepleasantviewsB.bringairlinesmorefinancialbenefitsC.offermoreenjoyableflyingexperiencesD.costlessinmaintenancethantraditionalonesPracticemakesperfect29.Theunderlinedsentence"theoppositeistrue"inParagraph2probablymeansthattrees______.A.competeforsurvivalB.protecttheirownwealthC.dependoneachotherD.providesupportfordyingtreePracticemakesperfectSkill

3Commonsense：根据普通常识和生活经验来猜测词义。

在阅读的过程中

有时可以根据自身的直接或间接的经验，或运用自己已有的常识将其推测出来。比如天文地理、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、政治结构、社会制度等。Commonsense1.Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcharipplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.2.Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient，heusuallygivesananesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.波纹n.

麻醉剂(药)利用常识法解题Forthosewhocanstomachit，workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst，accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.（2020年江苏卷，C篇）Theunderlinedexpression“stomachit”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“”.A.digestthemealeasilyB.managewithoutbreakfastC.decidewiselywhattoeatD.eatwhateverisoffered逻辑关系解释说明文化常识语境法构词法Skill

4三、

构词法

(formation)123Synthesismethod(合成法)Derivationmethod(派生法)Transformmethod(转化法)Summary1合成法指两个或多个单词按照一定的组合规律组合在一起，形成一个新的单词。婆婆/岳母顽固的1.HowhappyIamwithmymotherinlaw.2.Oldhabitsdiehard利用构词法解题AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch，boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份），itsthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.（2020年新高考全国I卷，D篇）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto？A.Bigeaters.B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters.D.Tallthinpersons.2派生法（加前，后缀）Commonprofixes：Commonsufixes：in/im-:incorrectimpossiblemini-

:miniskirt,minibusre-

:rewrite,reuse,reconsiderdis-:disagree,dislike,disappear,mis-:misunderstand,misleadfore-:foretell,forecastover-:overwork,overcoat,overuse-erteacher,worker,container-orvisitor,sailor,instructor-tioneducation,satisfaction-mentdevelopment,movement-ionaction,solution,conclusion-ousdangerous,humorous-fulhelpful，careful-ablecomfortable,acceptable…派生法1.Mary,ofcourseyouareoverweight.Youeattoomuchjunkfood.Evenworse,youexcerciseinfrequently.2.“Evenwhenamanissaidtobeabestfriend,”Rubinwrites,“thetwosharelittleabouttheirinnermostfeelings.”3转化法（考点---熟词生意）1.Don’tletyourpersonalfeelingscloud

yourjudgment,oryouwillmakeawrongdecision.2.Hewolfeddownthreebowlsofrice.Guess：模糊狼吞虎咽刮刮卡刮刮卡刮刮卡刮刮卡刮刮卡刮刮卡QQQQ3Q5学习大礼包Q1Q4（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）（6）Chooseyourfavoriteluckynumberandfinishthetaskinit,andmaybeyouwillgetasurprise.Gametime纪念奖40学习大礼包1.WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsman.［典型例题］(2021年新高考Ⅰ卷·29)爱疯英语A.Acquire.B.Export.C.Destroy. D.Distribute.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”mean?CWhichkindofskills?433.Ofcourse,onlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina—someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese."VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGaliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs——andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,"addsHill.

Whatdotheunderlinedwords”takingoninparagraph4mean?”A.learningfromB.lookingdownC.workingwithD.competingagainst［典型例题］(2021▪全国卷Ⅲ)DWhichkindofskills?Still，55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephone（座机）athomeandonlyjustoveraquarter（29%）relyonlyontheirsmartphones，accordingtoasurvey（调查）.OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline，athi