安徽省庐巢七校联考2022-2023学年高二下学期3月期中英语试卷（含答案）

安徽省庐巢七校联考2022-2023学年高二下学期3月期中英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、阅读理解阅读理解Thoughmanypeoplethinkofsummerasatimetoslowdownandenjoyavacation,itcanalsobetheperfecttimetomakemoneyorgetexperience.Herearesomegoodsummerjobsforyou.Survey-takingSurvey-takingisawaytomakemoneyduringyoursummerholiday,especiallyifyouliveinanareathatdoesn'thavemanychances.Withacomputerorsmartphone,youcansitonyoursofaandsearchforsurveysitessuchasSurveysOnTheGo,InboxDollarsorSwagbucks.Withoutmucheffort,youcanstartmakingmoneyforyouropinions.However,theeaseofusecomeswithalowearningpotential.FoodDelivery(递送)Ifyouenjoydriving,youcanuseyourcartodeliverfood.YoucansignuptodeliverfoodfromrestaurantswithservicessuchasUberEats,DoorDashandGrubhub.AnotherchoiceisdeliveringdailyusedgoodswithservicessuchasPostmates,ShiptandInstacart.Theearningpotentialfordeliverycanbehigherthanforotherjobsbecausecustomersoftengivetips.Thedisadvantageisthatthesejobsrequireyoutoputinmoretime.PhotoApplicationsIfyougotothemall,youcanuseanappsuchasFieldAgentorGigwalktomakemoneybytakingpicturesofproductsinstores.Seeanyhelp-wantedsignsinthestorewindows?Takeapictureandgetpaidforeachoneyoufind.HouseSittingandPetCareSummerisatimewhenpeopletakevacationsandmayneedsomeonetolookaftertheirhomesorpets.ServicessuchasHouseSitterandMindMyHouseconnecthomeownerswithproperhousesitters(看房人).Foranimalloverswhowouldrathercareforsomeone'spetwhiletheyareaway,youcanturntoserviceslikeRover.1．WhatdoweknowaboutmakingmoneythroughSurvey-Taking?A．It'sinteresting. B．Itrequireslittleeffort.C．Ittakesmuchtime. D．Itrequiresspecialknowledge.2．WhyistheearningpotentialforFoodDeliveryhigherthanforotherjobs?A．Youcangetsomeextrareward. B．Youworklongerhours.C．Youneedtodriveyourowncar. D．Youdeliverfoodformanypeople.3．Whichappshouldyouuseifyouenjoylookingafteranimals?A．Swagbucks. B．UberEats. C．HouseSitter. D．Rover.阅读理解WhatbeganasasummerjobhasnowtakenyoungBrennanMcVeytothestepsoftheRockawayTownshipMunicipalbuildingandthemayor's(镇长的)office.Knownbyhisneighborsandthetownshipasthe"RubbishBinManager",McVeywasgivenaspecialmentionduringtheregularRockawayTownshipCouncilmeetingonOctober25,forhisworktohelphisneighborsandpreventunwantedrun-inswiththelocalbearpopulation."Ourchildrenareourfuture,andwhenachildcanrespondtoneedsbymakingadecisionthatgivesacommunityachancetoimproveitsqualityoflife,itrepresentsagreatmomentforourtownship.McVeyisashiningexampleofapositiveperson,"MayorMichaelDachisenreadtothepublic.The10-year-oldGreenPondboyhadanideain2016ofhelpingtostopbearsinhisneighborhoodfrombecomingendangered"troublemakers"byhelpinghisneighborstakeouttherubbishthemorningofitspickup.McVey,whoisafifth-graderatKatherineD.MaloneElementarySchool,noticedthatsomeofhisneighborswouldleavetherubbishoutthenightbefore,anopeninvitationtobears."IsawalotofbearsintheneighborhoodandIthoughtIcouldhelp,"hesaid.Oncollectionday,McVeygetsupearlyinthemorningandheadstothehousesoftheneighborswhoagreedtopayasmallfeetohavetheyoungbusinessmanbringouttheirrubbishtothecurb(路缘)."Wehadalotofbearsightingsinourcommunity.Thisisonewaytostopthebearsfromcominginbykeepingthefoodsourceoutoftheirway,"themayoradded.McVeyhasturnedtheRubbishBinManagerintoabusiness,postingfliers(传单)aroundGreenPond,andhisneighborhoodhasreallytakentotheidea.4．WhatcanweinferaboutMcVeyfromthefirstparagraph?A．Heiswellrecognized.B．Hereallylovesbears.C．HeisthankfulforDachisen'swork.D．Hehasalwaysbeenwillingtotakeasummerjob.5．WhydoesMcVeypickuptherubbishoncollectionday?A．Tomakemoney. B．Toleavefoodforbears.C．Toprotecttheenvironment. D．Tohelpbearsandthecommunity.6．WhatdidMcVey'sneighborsthinkofhisbusiness?A．Itwasgreat.B．Itwastooriskyforhim.C．Itwentagainstalotofoldideas.D．Itwouldstaypopularforashorttime.7．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMcVey?A．Braveandstrict. B．Caringandwarm-hearted.C．Humorousandopen-minded. D．Talkativeandsporty.阅读理解VitaminBcouldhelplessentheeffectsofthemostdangeroustypeofairpollution,accordingtoanewstudypublishedrecently.Inthefirststudyofitskind,ateamofinternationalresearcherslookedatthedamagecausedbyoneofthepollutantsthathasthemostseriousimpactonhealth:PM2.5.Particulatematter,orPM,isatypeofairpollutantconsistingofsmallparticles(微粒)ofdifferentsizes.PM2.5hasadiameteroffewerthan2.5micrometers,about30timessmallerthanahumanhair.Theseparticlesaresosmallthattheycangointoourrespiratorysystem(呼吸系统),resultinginlungandsystemicinflammation(炎症)andstress.TheteamfoundthatsomethingassimpleasadailyvitaminBsupplementcouldpotentiallyreducetheimpactofthetinyparticlesonthehumanbody,althoughtheystressedthattheresearchwasinitsearlystagesandthesamplesizewassmall.Forthisstudy,10volunteerswereinitiallyexposedtocleanairandgivenaplacebo(安慰剂)tochecktheirresponses.ThegroupthentookanotherplaceboforfourweeksbeforebeingexposedtoheavilypollutedairfromdowntownToronto,whereanestimated1,000carspasseveryhour.Thebadairwasdeliveredtothevolunteersthroughan"oxygen-type"facemask.Theexperimentwasthenrepeated,witheachvolunteertakingavitaminBsupplementdailymadeupof2.5mgoffolicacid(叶酸),50mgofvitaminB6,and1mgofvitaminB12.B6canbefoundinliver,chickenandnuts,andB12infish,meat,eggs,milkandsomecereals.TheresearchersfoundthatfourweeksofvitaminBsupplementsreducedthedamageofPM2.5exposureby28%-76%.TheresultshighlighthowpreventionatanindividuallevelcouldbeusedtofighttheharmfuleffectsofPM2.5.8．WhyisPM2.5harmfultoourhealth?A．Itpollutesandpoisonstheair.B．Itistoomuchtobegotridof.C．Itiseasilybreathedinanddamagesourbody.D．Itcarriesvirusesanddiseases9．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A．Theprocessoftheresearchwasnotscientific.B．Thiskindofresearchhasbeendonemanytimes.C．Furtherstudiesareneededtoconfirmtheirfindings.D．VitaminBishardtoobtaininpeople'sdailylife.10．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．VitaminBcouldreducethedamageofPM2.5.B．Internationalresearchershaveanewfinding.C．Particulatematterdoesgreatharmtoourhealth.D．Emissioncontrolandregulationarebadlyneeded.11．Thenewstudywasprobablypublished________.A．inasciencejournal B．onagovernmentwebsiteC．inafashionmagazine D．inamedicaltextbook阅读理解There'sagoodreasonpeoplesaylaughteristhebestmedicine.InarecentstudyfromRehabilitationNursingJournal,researcherslookedatchangesinlonelinessforolderadultsinnursinghomesafterreceivinglaughtertherapy(疗法).Eachofthe31participantsreceivedlaughtertherapytwiceaweekforsixweeks,whilethesamenumberofcontrolsonlyreceivedusualcare.Attheendofthesixweeks,thosewhoparticipatedinlaughtertherapyreportedlesslonelinessthanthecontrolgroup.Laughtertherapyisalow-keyoptionthatyoucanpracticeinmanyways.JennaPascual,alaughteryogateacher,hostsgroupandone-on-oneclasseswithseniors.Shestartsbyguidingpeoplethroughwarmupstogetcomfortablewithstimulatinglaughter.Thesemayinvolvedeepbreathingexercises,clappingandlightstretchespairedwithlaughter,andcall-and-responselaughter.Shethentransitions(转变)tolaughteraroundatheme,suchasaHawaiianbeachpartyorStarWars,pairinglaughterwithsmallmovements.Manyformsoflaughtertherapyareavailabletoall."Laughtertherapyisgreatforpeoplewithdisabilities,"saysKatieZiskind,amarriageandfamilytherapist.Pascualalsoworkswithpeopleinwheelchairsorhospitalbeds.RehabilitationNursing'sstudyisoneinalonglineofresearchconfirminglaughter'sabilitytoimprovewell-beinginolderadults.Ina2015studyfromtheInternationalJournalofNursingandMidwifery,peopleaged60orolderataretirementcenterattendedtwo90-minutelaughtertherapyclassesaweekforsixweeks.Attheendoftheexperiment,participantshadimprovedgeneralhealth.Ina2016studyfromNursingOpen,olderadultsatanelderlydaycarecenterhadlaughtertherapyonceaweekforfourweeks.Theparticipantsexperiencedreduceddepression,alongwithincreasedsociability.Whileyoucantrylaughtertherapyalone,thereareadvantagestodoingitwithothers."Iwanttostressthepowerofsimplyhearinglaughterandwatchingothersenjoyingthemselveslaughing,"saysPascual."I'veworkedwithseniorswhowerenotinthemoodtolaugh,butafterhearingandwatchingotherslaughinmyclasses,theyendeduplaughingwithus."12．Howdidtheresearchersdotherecentstudy?A．ByofferingparticipantsdifferenttypesoflaughtertherapyB．Bycontrollingthetimeoflaughtertherapyforthesameparticipants.C．Bystudyingtheeffectsoflaughtertherapyondisabledpeople.D．Bycomparingparticipantshavinglaughtertherapywiththosenothaving.13．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Whylaughteristhebestmedicine.B．Howseniorsreacttolaughtertherapy.C．WhatPascualdoestohelpdisabledpeople.D．HowPascualteachesherlaughteryogaclasses.14．Whydoestheauthormentionthetwostudiesinparagraph4?A．Tocomparethemwiththerecentstudy.B．Toshowthebenefitsoflaughtertherapy.C．Tostatethepopularityoflaughtertherapy.D．Totalkaboutoldpeople'shealthproblems.15．WhatdoPascual'swordsinthelastparagraphshow?A．Makingapersonlaughishard.B．Laughterhelpsreduceloneliness.C．Peoplemaylaughatdifferentthings.D．Laughtercanspreadamongpeople.二、任务型阅读任务型阅读Sciencefiction,orsci-fi,withmorethemesrelatedtoenvironmentalissues,overpopulation,andtechnologicalgrowth,hasexplosively(爆发地)growninpopularitysincethebeginningofthe21stcentury.16．SomeChineseSci-FiHistory17．Fewworksweretranslated.AndtheWesternworldhadlittletonotasteforit.ThehistoryofChinesesci-fiisextensive,butthemoderngenrefirsttookrootduringthe1900s.AuthorssuchasLuXunpromotedsci-fi'searlydevelopmentinChinaandtranslatedmultipleWesternstorieslikeJulesVerne'sFromtheEarthtotheMoon.Followingthe1970s,Chinabeganitsowngoldenageofsciencefiction.Movies,clubs,magazines,societiesandcommunitiesformedaroundthisgenreandbecameincreasinglypopularamongChinesereaders.18．ItsEntryintotheWestChinesesci-fihasbecomeinternationallyrecognized,mainlybecauseofKenLiu,whotranslatedTheThree-BodyProblem,thefirstcontemporaryChinesesci-finoveltobetranslatedintoEnglish.19．Chinesesci-fi'sintroductionintotheWestbeganwiththisnovel,anditcouldn'thavebeengivenabetterinternationaldebut(亮相).Liuhasbecomeago-tosourceforChineseauthorsseekinginternationalaudiences.WhatMakesChineseSci-FiDistinctive(独特的)Thesubgenreisuniqueforusinganumberofculturalandtraditionalobjects,words,placesandbeliefs.20．ThestoriesarealsodifferentbecausemanymodernChinesesci-fiauthorswereheavilyaffectedbytheeventsofthe20thcentury.Theirperspectives(思维方式)andideasonmorals,ethics(伦理),government,politics,scienceandanythinginbetweencomefromstandpointspreviouslyunknowntoWesternreaders.A.Publishedin2014,itprovedtobeahugesuccess.B.Heisawriter,translatorandcomputerscientist.C.Beforethe2000s,Chinesesci-fiwaslesser-known.D.Chinesesci-fialsomadeitswaytotaketheWestbystorm.E.SimilartoWesternsci-fi,ithasexperiencedtheupsanddowns.F.ThislaidthefoundationforitseventualintroductiontoWesternreaders.G.ThismakesChinesesci-fiaculturalandhistoricalanalysisofChina.三、完形填空（15空）完形填空U.S.Navyveteran(海军退伍军人)DonaldHelferflew28timesoverenemylandduringWWII.AlongwiththeNavyFlyingCrossandaBronzeStar,Helferevenreceiveda(n)21．fromthePresidentinwhichthePresidentexpressedhisappreciationforHelfer's22．"tobringaboutthetotaldefeatoftheenemy".23．,Helferwasneveronetoexpectfameormoney.Later,heretiredtoFlorida.Hepassedawayin1993,takingthememoriesofhisimpressive24．withhim—almost.WhileHelfer'schildrenknewoftheirdad'stimeinthenavy,they25．knewthetruenatureofhisservice.WhenHelfer's26．items—includingmedals,photosandrecords—turnedupinadumpster(大垃圾桶)inHickory,themanwhofoundthemimmediatelyrecognizedtheir27．.ThefindersentthesethingstoNavyvetandAmericanLegionPost544CommanderJeffTruittforsafekeepinguntilHelfer's28．couldbefound.Truittwasableto29．Helfer'sgrownchildreninNewYork,andhisdaughter,LindaDelorey,livinginNorthCarolina.Later,DeloreywentfromhometoHickoryto30．Truitt.Deloreywasveryexcitedassheturnedthepagesoftheneatlyorganizedbinder(活页夹)Truitthadputtogether31．herfather'streasure.Nowthatthefamily32．hasbeenbroughtback,Deloreyplansto33．itwithherrelativesassoonasshe'sableto."Helferwasjustoneofthemillionswho34．—andhisstoryshouldbetoldand35．forever,"Truittsaid.21．A．report B．order C．letter D．permission22．A．expecting B．preparing C．helping D．promising23．A．Instead B．However C．Besides D．Therefore24．A．achievements B．performances C．collections D．skills25．A．already B．just C．never D．even26．A．best B．personal C．expensive D．useful27．A．quality B．worth C．connection D．power28．A．neighbors B．leaders C．audiences D．relatives29．A．locate B．raise C．support D．save30．A．join B．welcome C．replace D．meet31．A．hiding B．guarding C．locking D．containing32．A．tradition B．business C．treasure D．member33．A．share B．leave C．compare D．cover34．A．afforded B．followed C．suffered D．served35．A．protected B．remembered C．accepted D．avoided四、语法填空语法填空Thisyearseesthe193rdbirthdayofJulesVerne,thefamedFrenchpoet,novelist,andplaywright(剧作家)known36．"FatherofScienceFiction".OneofVerne'slesser-knownworksfrom1905,TheLighthouseattheEndoftheWorld,37．(adapt)carefullyforthefirsttimeintoafive-issuecomicbookminiseries(迷你剧)inApril.38．(plan)bytheexperiencedcreativeteamofBrianHaberlinandDavidHine,JulesVerne's:Lighthousegetsasci-fitwist(曲折)andcasts39．(reader)intothehighseasofouterspaceforaswashbuckling(惊心动魄的)adventure.Here'stheofficial40．(introduce):"JulesVerne's:Lighthouse"issetattheedgeofthegalaxy,41．agiantsupercomputerknownastheLighthouseexists:theonlybrainpowerfulenough42．(guide)shipsthroughalargeareaofnaturallyoccurringwormholes,43．(potential)cuttingmonthsorevenyearsoffaspaceship'sjourney.Threehumans,onealien,andanannyrobothavemannedtheremotestationforyearsinrelativepeaceuntilthearrivalofCaptainKongreandhisbandofcruelpiratesthreatensthefutureofcivilizationand44．(show)thateachoftheLighthousecrewhasbeenhiding45．shockingsecret:hewhocontrolstheLighthousecontrolsthispartofthegalaxy.五、书面表达46．你校英文报正向高三毕业生征稿,主题为"Howtoliveasuccessfullifeinhighschool",请你写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:

1.如何交友;

2.如何学习;

3.期望和祝福。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Howtoliveasuccessfullifeinhighschool六、读后续写47．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。BrettBacon,alongwithhiswifeLindsayandtheirnewbornchild,wasoutboatingonthelakeneartheirhouseinLakeWindermereinBritishColumbiawhenhesawsomethingstrangeinthewater.AtfirstBaconjustthoughtitwasacarpet(地毯)inthewater.Assoonasherealizeditwasabirdandsawitswidewingsandevenitsheadpoppingup,heknewwhatitwas.Itwasagianteagle.Eaglescanactuallygetwaterlogged(浸水的)ascomparedtootherlargebirdsthatcangointhewaterandgetout.It'snotstrangetoseeeaglesgointothewatertocatchfishandthenpopbackup,butthisthingwaswetthroughandstrugglingtostayabovethewater.Itwastryingtoswimandtryingtoflyaway,butitjustcouldn'tgetoutofthewateratall.Thelargebird'sonlychancetogetoutitselfwasbyswimmingbutitwasaboutakilometertoshore(岸边)inanydirection.Seeingthestateofthebird,Baconknewheneededtodosomethingtohelpitout.Lindsaystartedrecordingandcaughtwhathappenednextonvideo,whiletheirsonlayonaseatacrossfromBacon.Baconbroughttheboatclosetotheeagle.Ittookafewtries.Butafteraboutfifteenminutes,Baconwasactuallyabletotakeholdofthebirdandbringitintotheboat."PeoplemusthavejustthoughtIhadadogonmylap,butfrommybottomtomyhead,hewasthesameheightasme,"saidBacon.Assoonasthebirdwasintheboat,itimmediatelytookoffanddroppedintothewateragain.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。"Weneedtopickitupagain,solet'sturnaround,"saidBacon.……Thewholecommunityjustcamedowntowatchthiseagle.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了几份暑假工作的一些信息。【点评】考查阅读理解。考生需要注意在做题之前先快速浏览全文，掌握文章中心思想，然后再根据题干的问题，去文中找线索，选出正确答案。1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的"Withoutmucheffort,youcanstartmakingmoneyforyouropinions.（不用付出很多努力，你就能够用你提出的观点来赚钱。）"，可知Survey-taking不需要太努力。故选B。2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的"Theearningpotentialfordeliverycanbehigherthanforotherjobsbecausecustomersoftengivetips.（因为顾客经常会给小费，所以送货的潜在收入要高于其他工作。）"，可知，配送美食可以得到额外的小费。故选A。3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的"Foranimalloverswhowouldrathercareforsomeone'spetwhiletheyareaway,youcanturntoserviceslikeRover.（对于喜欢动物的人来说，他们更愿意在主人不在的时候帮忙照顾宠物，你可以求助于Rover这样的服务员。）"，可知，如果你喜欢照顾动物，你可以使用Rover软件。故选D。【答案】4．A5．D6．A7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了MeVey为小镇做出的重要工作。【点评】考查阅读理解。考生需要注意在做题之前先通读全文，找出中心思想，然后再根据题干，去文中找线索，仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中，"WhatbeganasasummerjobhasnowtakenyoungBrennanMcVeytothestepsoftheRockawayTownshipMunicipalbuildingandthemayor's(镇长的)office.Knownbyhisneighborsandthetownshipasthe"RubbishBinManager",McVeywasgivenaspecialmentionduringtheregularRockawayTownshipCouncilmeetingonOctober25,forhisworktohelphisneighborsandpreventunwantedrun-inswiththelocalbearpopulation.(年轻的布伦南·麦克维一开始只是一份暑期工作，现在却走上了洛克威镇市政大楼和市长办公室。麦克维被邻居和镇上人称为"垃圾箱经理"，在10月25日的洛克威镇议会例会上，他被特别提到，因为他帮助邻居，防止与当地熊群发生不必要的冲突。）"，由此可推断，McVey的行为得到了政府的认可。故选A。5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中，"The10-year-oldGreenPondboyhadanideain2016ofhelpingtostopbearsinhisneighborhoodfrombecomingendangered"troublemakers"byhelpinghisneighborstakeouttherubbishthemorningofitspickup.（2016年，这个10岁的绿池塘男孩有了一个主意，他想在垃圾被捡走的那天早上，帮助邻居把垃圾倒出来，以防止附近的熊成为濒危的"麻烦制造者"）"，可知，MaVey早上帮邻居们倒垃圾是为了避免晚上的垃圾引来周围的熊前来觅食，这样既保护了熊又保护了邻居们。故选D。6．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中，"The10-year-oldGreenPondboyhadanideain2016ofhelpingtostopbearsinhisneighborhoodfrombecomingendangered"troublemakers"byhelpinghisneighborstakeouttherubbishthemorningofitspickup.（MeVey已经把垃圾箱经理变成了一家公司，在GreenPond周围张贴传单，他的邻居真的接受了这个想法。）"，可知，邻居们认为MeVey倒垃圾的生意是一个很棒的想法。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中，"The10-year-oldGreenPondboyhadanideain2016ofhelpingtostopbearsinhisneighborhoodfrombecomingendangered"troublemakers"byhelpinghisneighborstakeouttherubbishthemorningofitspickup.（我们的孩子是我们的未来，当一个孩子能够做出一个让社区有机会改善其生活质量的决定来满足需求时，这对我们镇来说是一个伟大的时刻。MeVey是一个积极的人的光辉榜样。）"，以及下文所述MeVey帮助邻居倒垃圾的事情可知，MeVey是热心，乐于助人的。故选B。【答案】8．C9．C10．A11．A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章提及吸入人体的PM2.5会导致疾病，不过，研究发现维生素B在一定程度上能降低PM2.5的危害。【点评】考查阅读理解。考生需要在做题时要仔细阅读全文，根据文章所述事件及题干问题，寻找逻辑关系，做出合理推断，选出正确答案。8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的，"Theseparticlesaresosmallthattheycangointoourrespiratorysystem,resultinginlungandsystemicinflammationandstress.（这些颗粒非常小，它们可以进入我们的呼吸系统，导致肺部和全身的炎症和压力。）"，可知，PM2.5（微颗粒物）很小，能进入我们的呼吸系统，导致肺部和全身炎症。故选C.。9．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的，"althoughtheystressedthattheresearchwasinitsearlystagesandthesamplesizewassmall（尽管他们强调研究还处于早期阶段，样本量也较小）"，可知，该研究目前处于初级阶段且样本规模小，所以还需要更多的研究来证明研究团队的发现。故选C。10．文章大意题。根据文章第一段第一行中的提到的,"VitaminBcouldhelplessentheeffectsofthemostdangeroustypeofairpollution（维生素B可以帮助减轻最危险的空中污染的影响）",接着第一段最后和第二段谈及PM2.5的定义以及PM2.5的危害；第三段和第五段告诉我们维生素B能降低PM2.5的危害。所以这篇文章主要在讲维生素B能降低PM2.5的危害。故选A。11．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的，"VitaminBcouldhelplessentheeffectsofthemostdangeroustypeofairpollution,accordingtoanewstudypublishedrecently.（根据最近发表的一项新研究，维生素B可以帮助减轻最危险的空气污染的影响。），可知，后文中的内容都是用来描述这个已公布新研究的一些细节。故选A。【答案】12．D13．D14．B15．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明多笑可以增强幸福感，减少孤独感。【点评】考查阅读理解。考生可以先把四个问题的题干以及选项都弄明白，然后带着问题去文章中找线索，以便快速确定答案。12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中，"InarecentstudyfromRehabilitationNursingJournal,researcherslookedatchangesinlonelinessforolderadultsinnursinghomesafterreceivinglaughtertherapy(疗法).Eachofthe31participantsreceivedlaughtertherapytwiceaweekforsixweeks,whilethesamenumberofcontrolsonlyreceivedusualcare.Attheendofthesixweeks,thosewhoparticipatedinlaughtertherapyreportedlesslonelinessthanthecontrolgroup.（在《康复护理杂志》最近的一项研究中，研究人员观察了在疗养院接受笑声疗法的老年人孤独感的变化。31名参与每周接受两次笑声治疗，持续6周，而同样数量的对照组只接受常规治疗。在六周结束时，那些参加笑声疗法的人员的孤独感比对照组少。）"，可知，研究人员通过比较接受笑声治疗和没有接受笑声治疗的参与者进行最近的研究。故选D。13．段落大意题。根据文章第二段中，"Laughtertherapyisalow-keyoptionthatyoucanpracticeinmanyways.JennaPascual,alaughteryogateacher,hostsgroupandone-on-oneclasseswithseniors.Shestartsbyguidingpeoplethroughwarmupstogetcomfortablewithstimulatinglaughter.Thesemayinvolvedeepbreathingexercises,clappingandlightstretchespairedwithlaughter,andcall-and-responselaughter.Shethentransitions(转变)tolaughteraroundatheme,suchasaHawaiianbeachpartyorStarWars,pairinglaughterwithsmallmovements.（笑声疗法是一直在低调的选择，你可以通过多种方式进行练习。笑声瑜伽老师JennaPascual为老年人主持小组和一对一的课程。她首先引导人们通过热身来适应刺激的笑声。这些方法可能包括深呼吸练习、拍手和轻微的伸展动作，伴随着笑声，以及喊话和回应的笑声。然后，她会围绕一个主题（如夏威夷海滩派对或星球大战）转变为笑声，将笑声与小动作结合起来。）"，可知，第二段是在介绍上课的过程。故选D。14．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中，"RehabilitationNursing'sstudyisoneinalonglineofresearchconfirminglaughter'sabilitytoimprovewell-beinginolderadults.Ina2015studyfromtheInternationalJournalofNursingandMidwifery,peopleaged60orolderataretirementcenterattendedtwo90-minutelaughtertherapyclassesaweekforsixweeks.Attheendoftheexperiment,participantshadimprovedgeneralhealth.Ina2016studyfromNursingOpen,olderadultsatanelderlydaycarecenterhadlaughtertherapyonceaweekforfourweeks.Theparticipantsexperiencedreduceddepression,alongwithincreasedsociability.（康复护理学的研究是证实笑能改善老年人幸福感的众多研究之一。《国际护理与助产杂志》2015年的一项研究显示，一家退休中心的60岁及以上老人每周参加两次90分钟的笑声疗法课程，持续六周。实验结束时，参与者的总体健康状况有所改善。《护理开放》2016年的一项研究显示，一家老年日托中心的老年人每周接受一次笑声疗法，持续四周。参与者的抑郁情绪减少了，社交能力也增强了。）"，可知，文章第四段提到这两项研究是为了展示笑疗法的好处。故选B。15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的""Iwanttostressthepowerofsimplyhearinglaughterandwatchingothersenjoyingthemselveslaughing,"saysPascual."I'veworkedwithseniorswhowerenotinthemoodtolaugh,butafterhearingandwatchingotherslaughinmyclasses,theyendeduplaughingwithus."（帕斯夸尔说:"我想强调的是，仅仅是听到笑声，看着别人开心地笑的力量。""我曾经教过一些没有心情笑的高年级学生，但在我的课上听到和看到其他人笑后，他们最终也和我们一起笑了起来。"）"可推知，Pascual在最后一段的话说明了笑声可以在人与人之间传播。故选D。【答案】16．D；17．C；18．F；19．A；20．G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了自21世纪初以来，以环境问题、人口过剩和科技发展为主题的科幻小说迅速流行起来。中国的科小说以它独有的特点让更多的人对它感兴趣。【点评】考查七选五。考生在做七选五的任务型阅读的时候，最好先把空跳过去，把原文通读一遍，明白其大概的结构以后，再去把七个选项认真分析一下，结合设空处的上下文的语境，选择正确的选项填入。16．根据上文的"Sciencefiction,orsci-fi,withmorethemesrelatedtoenvironmentalissues,overpopulation,andtechnologicalgrowth,hasexplosively(爆发地)growninpopularitysincethebeginningofthe21stcentury.（自21世纪初以来，以环境问题、人口过剩和科技发展为主题的科幻小说迅速流行起来。）"以及下文的小标题"SomeChineseSci-FiHistory（一些中国科幻历史）"可知设空处应该承上启下的作用，选项D"Chinesesci-fialsomadeitswaytotaketheWestbystorm.（中国科幻电影也席卷了西方。）"符合语境，故选D。17．根据下文的"Fewworksweretranslated.AndtheWesternworldhadlittletonotasteforit.（很少有作品被翻译。而西方世界对它几乎没有兴趣。）"可知，这些作品是没有多少人知道的，选项C"Beforethe2000s,Chinesesci-fiwaslesser-known.（在本世纪头十年之前，中国科幻小说鲜为人知。）"起到了递进作用，符合语境，故选C。18．根据上文的"Followingthe1970s,Chinabeganitsowngoldenageofsciencefiction.Movies,clubs,magazines,societiesandcommunitiesformedaroundthisgenreandbecameincreasinglypopularamongChinesereaders.（20世纪70年代之后，中国开始了自己的科幻黄金时代。围绕这一类型的电影、俱乐部、杂志、社团和社区形成，并在中国读者中越来越受欢迎。）"可知随着科幻类电影、社团等的兴起，科幻小说开始被更多的人熟知，选项F"ThislaidthefoundationforitseventualintroductiontoWesternreaders.（这为它最终被介绍给西方读者奠定了基础）"符合语境，故选F。19．根据上文的"Chinesesci-fihasbecomeinternationallyrecognized,mainlybecauseofKenLiu,whotranslatedTheThree-BodyProblem,thefirstcontemporaryChinesesci-finoveltobetranslatedintoEnglish.（中国科幻小说已经得到国际认可，主要是因为刘宇昆翻译了《三体》，这是第一部被翻译成英文的中国当代科幻小说。）"可知设空处要介绍这本书籍，选项A"Publishedin2014,itprovedtobeahugesuccess.（该书于2014年出版，取得了巨大的成功。）"符合语境，故选A。20．根据上文的"Thesubgenreisuniqueforusinganumberofculturalandtraditionalobjects,words,placesandbeliefs.（这种类型的独特之处在于使用了许多文化和传统的物品、词汇、地点和信仰。）"以及下文的"ThestoriesarealsodifferentbecausemanymodernChinesesci-fiauthorswereheavilyaffectedbytheeventsofthe20thcentury.（这些故事之所以不同，还因为许多现代中国科幻作家都深受20世纪事件的影响。）"可知是中国的文化与历史让这些科幻小说变得与众不同，选项G"ThismakesChinesesci-fiaculturalandhistoricalanalysisofChina.（这使得中国科幻成为对中国文化和历史的分析。）"符合语境，故选G。【答案】21．C；22．C；23．B；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．B；28．D；29．A；30．D；31．D；32．C；33．A；34．D；35．B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了海军退伍军人赫尔弗曾在海军服役，在第二次世界大战期间在敌地上空飞行了28次。他除了海军飞行十字勋章和铜星勋章外，还收到了一封来自总统的信，总统在信中对赫尔弗帮助"彻底击败敌人"表示感谢。他去世以后，他的宝贵的物品经过一些过程最后到达了他的家属手上的事情。【点评】考查完形填空。考生可以先迅速把文章的结构以及大意弄清楚，然后再针对每一个设空处的上下文的语境去理解文章，选择正确的答案。21．句意：除了海军飞行十字勋章和铜星勋章外，赫尔弗还收到了一封来自总统的信，总统在信中对赫尔弗帮助"彻底击败敌人"表示感谢。A.report报；B.order命令，指示；C.letter信；D.permission同意，许可。根据空后的"fromthePresidentinwhichthePresidentexpressedhisappreciation…"可知是收到了一封信。故选C。22．句意：除了海军飞行十字勋章和铜星勋章外，赫尔弗还收到了一封来自总统的信，总统在信中对赫尔弗帮助"彻底击败敌人"表示感谢。A.expecting期望；B.preparing准备；C.helping帮助；D.promising承诺，"thePresidentexpressedhisappreciationforHelfer's2"tobringaboutthetotaldefeatoftheenemy（统在信中对赫尔弗帮助"彻底击败敌人"表示感谢。）"，由句意可知，赫尔弗是对总统的帮助，故选C。23．句意：然而，赫尔弗从来都不是一个追求名利的人。A.Instead代替，顶替；B.However然而；C.Besides除……之外，此外；D.Therefore因此，所以，根据上文的"inwhichthePresidentexpressedhisappreciationforHelfer's2"tobringaboutthetotaldefeatoftheenemy""以及下文的"Helferwasneveronetoexpectfameormoney"可知上下文是转折关系，故选B