2022年二级专业翻译资格练习题和答案分析

2022年二级专业翻译资格练习题和答案分析笔译综合能力练习题词汇和语法部分1.Thescientist'sresearchfindingshave________anewerainmedicaltreatment.A.initiatedB.participatedC.integratedD.inhabited答案：A。分析：initiate意为“开创，发起”，符合语境，科学家的研究成果开创了医疗治疗的新时代；participate是“参与”；integrate是“整合，使一体化”；inhabit是“居住于”。2.Thecompanyisfacingaseriousfinancial________duetomismanagement.A.crisisB.criticC.criticiseD.criticism答案：A。分析：financialcrisis是固定表达，意为“金融危机”；critic是“批评家”；criticise是动词“批评”；criticism是名词“批评”。3.Theoldmanhasa(n)________memoryandcanstillrecallmanydetailsofhischildhood.A.acuteB.dullC.bluntD.stupid答案：A。分析：acute有“敏锐的”意思，anacutememory表示“敏锐的记忆力”；dull意为“迟钝的”；blunt是“直率的，钝的”；stupid是“愚蠢的”。4.She________hersuccesstohardworkandabitofluck.A.attributesB.distributesC.contributesD.substitutes答案：A。分析：attribute...to...是固定短语，意为“把……归因于……”；distribute是“分发，分配”；contributeto意为“有助于，促成”；substitute是“代替”。5.Thenewpolicyisdesignedto________economicgrowth.A.promoteB.prohibitC.projectD.propose答案：A。分析：promote有“促进，推动”之意，促进经济增长用promoteeconomicgrowth；prohibit是“禁止”；project是“投射，计划”；propose是“提议，建议”。6.________therain,thefootballmatchwaspostponed.A.BecauseofB.InspiteofC.InsteadofD.Asfor答案：A。分析：becauseof表示“因为，由于”，后接名词或名词短语，这里因为下雨，足球比赛被推迟；inspiteof是“尽管”；insteadof是“代替，而不是”；asfor是“至于”。7.Theprofessor,aswellashisstudents,________interestedinthenewresearchproject.A.isB.areC.haveD.has答案：A。分析：当主语后面跟有aswellas连接的短语时，谓语动词要和前面的主语保持一致，这里前面的主语是theprofessor，是单数，所以用is。8.Ican'tfindmykeys.I________themintheoffice.A.mightleaveB.mighthaveleftC.mustleaveD.shouldleave答案：B。分析：mighthavedone表示对过去事情的可能性推测，“可能已经做了某事”，这里推测可能把钥匙落在办公室了；mightleave是对现在或将来的可能性推测；mustleave是“必须留下”；shouldleave是“应该留下”。9.Thebook,________isverypopularamongstudents,waswrittenbyafamousauthor.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who答案：A。分析：这是一个非限定性定语从句，用which引导，指代先行词thebook；that不能引导非限定性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句；who指代人。10.Hesuggestedthatwe________ameetingtodiscusstheproblem.A.shouldholdB.heldC.wouldholdD.willhold答案：A。分析：suggest表示“建议”时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。阅读理解部分Passage1Inmodernsociety,theInternethasbecomeanessentialpartofourlives.Ithasrevolutionizedthewaywecommunicate,work,andaccessinformation.Withjustafewclicks,wecanconnectwithpeoplefromallovertheworld,shoponline,andlearnaboutdifferentcultures.However,theInternetalsobringssomeproblems.Oneofthemostsignificantissuesisonlineprivacy.Manywebsitescollectusers'personalinformationwithouttheirfullconsent,whichcanleadtoidentitytheftandotherprivacyviolations.Anotherproblemisthespreadoffalseinformation.Withtheeaseofpublishingcontentonline,anyonecanpostinformation,whetheritistrueornot.Thiscancauseconfusionandmisinformationamongusers.11.WhathastheInternetrevolutionized?A.Onlythewaywecommunicate.B.Thewaywecommunicate,work,andaccessinformation.C.Onlythewaywework.D.Onlythewayweaccessinformation.答案：B。分析：根据文中“Ithasrevolutionizedthewaywecommunicate,work,andaccessinformation.”可知，互联网改变了我们交流、工作和获取信息的方式，所以选B。12.WhatisoneofthemostsignificantproblemsbroughtbytheInternet?A.Lackofonlineshoppingoptions.B.Difficultyinconnectingwithpeople.C.Onlineprivacyissues.D.HighcostofInternetaccess.答案：C。分析：文中提到“Oneofthemostsignificantissuesisonlineprivacy.”，说明互联网带来的最显著问题之一是网络隐私问题，所以选C。13.WhycanfalseinformationspreadeasilyontheInternet?A.Becausetherearestrictrulesforpublishingcontent.B.Becauseonlyexpertscanpostinformation.C.Becauseitisdifficulttopublishcontentonline.D.Becauseanyonecanpostinformationeasily.答案：D。分析：从“Withtheeaseofpublishingcontentonline,anyonecanpostinformation,whetheritistrueornot.”可知，由于在网上发布内容很容易，任何人都能发布信息，不管真假，所以虚假信息容易传播，选D。Passage2Theglobalpopulationisconstantlygrowing,andthisgrowthhasputagreatstrainontheworld'sresources.Asmorepeopleneedfood,water,andenergy,thedemandfortheseresourcesisincreasingrapidly.Atthesametime,theproductionandconsumptionoftheseresourcesoftenhavenegativeimpactsontheenvironment,suchasdeforestation,waterpollution,andgreenhousegasemissions.Toaddressthesechallenges,sustainabledevelopmenthasbecomeakeyconcept.Sustainabledevelopmentaimstomeettheneedsofthepresentgenerationwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Itinvolvesfindingabalancebetweeneconomicdevelopment,socialwell-being,andenvironmentalprotection.14.Whathasthegrowthoftheglobalpopulationcaused?A.Adecreaseinthedemandforresources.B.Astrainontheworld'sresources.C.Animprovementintheenvironment.D.Adecreaseingreenhousegasemissions.答案：B。分析：根据“Theglobalpopulationisconstantlygrowing,andthisgrowthhasputagreatstrainontheworld'sresources.”可知，全球人口增长给世界资源带来了巨大压力，所以选B。15.Whatistheaimofsustainabledevelopment?A.Tomeettheneedsoffuturegenerationsonly.B.Tomeettheneedsofthepresentgenerationattheexpenseoffuturegenerations.C.Tomeettheneedsofthepresentgenerationwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerations.D.Toignoretheneedsofbothpresentandfuturegenerations.答案：C。分析：文中提到“Sustainabledevelopmentaimstomeettheneedsofthepresentgenerationwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.”，说明可持续发展的目标是满足当代人的需求，同时不损害后代人满足自身需求的能力，选C。Passage3Inthefieldofeducation,technologyhasplayedanincreasinglyimportantrole.Onlinelearningplatformshavemadeeducationmoreaccessibletopeopleinremoteareas.Studentscantakecoursesfromtop-tieruniversitiesaroundtheworldwithouthavingtotravel.However,technology-basededucationalsohasitsdrawbacks.Somestudentsmaylacktheself-disciplinerequiredforonlinelearning.TheymayeasilygetdistractedbyotherthingsontheInternet.Additionally,thequalityofonlinecoursescanvarygreatly,anditcanbedifficultforstudentstodeterminewhichcoursesareofhighquality.16.Whatadvantagedoestechnologybringtoeducation?A.Itmakeseducationlessaccessible.B.Itallowsstudentsinremoteareastoaccesseducationeasily.C.Itreducesthenumberofcoursesavailable.D.Itrequiresstudentstotravelmore.答案：B。分析：由“Onlinelearningplatformshavemadeeducationmoreaccessibletopeopleinremoteareas.”可知，技术使偏远地区的人们更容易获得教育，所以选B。17.Whymaysomestudentsstrugglewithonlinelearning?A.Becausetheyhavetoomuchself-discipline.B.BecausetheyarenotdistractedbytheInternet.C.Becausetheylackself-discipline.D.Becauseallonlinecoursesareofhighquality.答案：C。分析：文中提到“Somestudentsmaylacktheself-disciplinerequiredforonlinelearning.TheymayeasilygetdistractedbyotherthingsontheInternet.”，说明一些学生可能缺乏在线学习所需的自律，容易被网上其他事情分心，所以选C。Passage4Theartworldhasseenasignificantchangeinrecentyearswiththeriseofdigitalart.Digitalartallowsartiststocreateworksusingdigitaltoolsandsoftware,whichoffersmoreflexibilityandcreativitycomparedtotraditionalartforms.Artistscaneasilymodifytheirworks,experimentwithdifferentcolorsandeffects,andsharetheircreationsonline.However,digitalartalsofacessomechallenges.Oneofthemainissuesistheproblemofcopyright.Sincedigitalartcanbeeasilycopiedandshared,itisdifficulttoprotecttheintellectualpropertyrightsofartists.Anotherchallengeistheperceptionofdigitalartasless"authentic"comparedtotraditionalart.18.Whatadvantagedoesdigitalarthaveovertraditionalartforms?A.Itofferslessflexibility.B.Itismoredifficulttocreate.C.Itallowsformoreflexibilityandcreativity.D.Itcannotbesharedonline.答案：C。分析：根据“Digitalartallowsartiststocreateworksusingdigitaltoolsandsoftware,whichoffersmoreflexibilityandcreativitycomparedtotraditionalartforms.”可知，数字艺术比传统艺术形式更具灵活性和创造性，选C。19.Whatisoneofthemainchallengesfacedbydigitalart?A.Itistoodifficulttocopy.B.Thereisnoproblemwithcopyright.C.Itiseasytoprotecttheintellectualpropertyrightsofartists.D.Theproblemofcopyrightandtheperceptionofbeingless"authentic".答案：D。分析：文中提到“Oneofthemainissuesistheproblemofcopyright...Anotherchallengeistheperceptionofdigitalartasless'authentic'comparedtotraditionalart.”，说明数字艺术面临版权问题和被认为不如传统艺术“真实”的问题，选D。Passage5Thetourismindustryisamajorcontributortotheglobaleconomy.Itcreatesjobs,generatesincome,andpromotesculturalexchange.However,masstourismalsohassomenegativeimpacts.Itcanleadtoover-crowdinginpopulartouristdestinations,damagetothenaturalenvironment,andculturalcommodification.Tomaketourismmoresustainable,manydestinationsareadoptingnewstrategies.Theseincludepromotingoff-seasontourism,developingeco-tourism,andimplementingstricterenvironmentalregulations.20.Whatpositiveeffectsdoesthetourismindustryhave?A.Itreducesjobopportunities.B.Itdecreasesculturalexchange.C.Itcreatesjobs,generatesincome,andpromotesculturalexchange.D.Ithasnopositiveeffects.答案：C。分析：由“Thetourismindustryisamajorcontributortotheglobaleconomy.Itcreatesjobs,generatesincome,andpromotesculturalexchange.”可知，旅游业能创造就业机会、产生收入并促进文化交流，选C。21.Whatnegativeimpactscanmasstourismhave?A.Lessover-crowdingintouristdestinations.B.Protectionofthenaturalenvironment.C.Over-crowding,damagetotheenvironment,andculturalcommodification.D.Promotionoftraditionalculture.答案：C。分析：文中提到“However,masstourismalsohassomenegativeimpacts.Itcanleadtoover-crowdinginpopulartouristdestinations,damagetothenaturalenvironment,andculturalcommodification.”，说明大众旅游会导致旅游目的地拥挤、破坏自然环境和文化商品化，选C。完形填空部分Passage6Inthepastfewdecades,theworldhaswitnessedaremarkablechangeinthewaypeopleliveandwork.Technologyhas22manyaspectsofourlives,fromcommunicationtoentertainment.The23oftheInternethasbeenagame-changer.Ithasconnectedpeoplefromallcornersoftheglobe,24informationtobesharedinstantaneously.Socialmediaplatformshave25thewayweinteractwitheachother.Wecannoweasilykeepintouchwithfriendsandfamily,nomatterhowfarapartweare.However,thistechnological26alsobringssomechallenges.Theriseofautomationintheworkplacehasledtoconcernsaboutjob27.Manyroutinejobsarebeingreplacedbymachines,leavingsomeworkers28.22.A.influencedB.isolatedC.insulatedD.irradiated答案：A。分析：influence意为“影响”，科技影响了我们生活的很多方面，符合语境；isolate是“使隔离”；insulate是“使绝缘，使隔热”；irradiate是“照射”。23.A.appearanceB.emergenceC.existenceD.evidence答案：B。分析：emergence表示“出现，兴起”，互联网的兴起是一个改变游戏规则的事件；appearance强调“外观，出现的行为”；existence是“存在”；evidence是“证据”。24.A.allowingB.avoidingC.arrangingD.alerting答案：A。分析：allow...to...是“允许……做……”，互联网使得信息能够即时共享，选allowing；avoid是“避免”；arrange是“安排”；alert是“警告”。25.A.transformedB.transportedC.transmittedD.transplanted答案：A。分析：transform意为“改变，转变”，社交媒体平台改变了我们相互交流的方式；transport是“运输”；transmit是“传输，传播”；transplant是“移植”。26.A.evolutionB.revolutionC.resolutionD.revelation答案：B。分析：technologicalrevolution是“技术革命”，这里说科技革命带来了一些挑战；evolution是“进化”；resolution是“决心，决议”；revelation是“揭示，揭露”。27.A.creationB.competitionC.securityD.satisfaction答案：C。分析：jobsecurity是“工作保障”，自动化导致人们担心工作保障问题；jobcreation是“创造就业机会”；jobcompetition是“工作竞争”；jobsatisfaction是“工作满意度”。28.A.unemployedB.uneducatedC.unskilledD.unfit答案：A。分析：根据前面说很多常规工作被机器取代，可知一些工人会失业，unemployed是“失业的”；uneducated是“未受过教育的”；unskilled是“不熟练的”；unfit是“不合适的”。Passage7Thefashionindustryisconstantlyevolving.Newtrends29everyseason,andconsumersarealwayseagertokeepup.Fastfashionhasbecomeextremelypopularinrecentyears.Itofferstrendyclothesat30prices,makingitaccessibletoawiderangeofpeople.However,fastfashionalsohasa31side.Theproductionoffast-fashionitemsofteninvolvesunethicallaborpracticesandhasasignificant32ontheenvironment.Manyoftheseclothesaremadefromnon-sustainablematerialsandaredesignedtobe33afterafewwears.34,thereisagrowingmovementtowardssustainablefashion.Brandsarestartingtofocusonusingeco-friendlymaterials,improvingworkingconditions,andreducingwaste.Consumersarealsobecomingmore35oftheimpactoftheirfashionchoices.29.A.comeupB.comeoutC.comeacrossD.comeabout答案：B。分析：comeout有“出现，出版”的意思，这里说每个季节都会出现新潮流；comeup是“走近，被提出”；comeacross是“偶然遇到”；comeabout是“发生”。30.A.affordableB.availableC.acceptableD.adaptable答案：A。分析：affordable意为“负担得起的”，快时尚以人们能负担得起的价格提供时尚服装；available是“可获得的”；acceptable是“可接受的”；adaptable是“能适应的”。31.A.brightB.darkC.lightD.clear答案：B。分析：根据后面提到的不道德的劳动实践和对环境的影响，可知快时尚有黑暗的一面，dark符合语境；bright是“明亮的”；light是“轻的，明亮的”；clear是“清晰的”。32.A.effectB.affectC.effortD.afford答案：A。分析：haveaneffecton是固定短语，意为“对……有影响”；affect是动词“影响”；effort是“努力”；afford是“负担得起”。33.A.thrownawayB.putawayC.takenawayD.givenaway答案：A。分析：throwaway是“扔掉”，很多快时尚衣服穿几次就被扔掉了；putaway是“放好，储存”；takeaway是“拿走”；giveaway是“赠送，泄露”。34.A.FortunatelyB.UnfortunatelyC.EventuallyD.Immediately答案：A。分析：fortunately意为“幸运地”，这里说有一个朝着可持续时尚发展的趋势是幸运的；unfortunately是“不幸地”；eventually是“最终”；immediately是“立刻”。35.A.afraidB.awareC.ashamedD.awake答案：B。分析：beawareof是“意识到，知道”，消费者也越来越意识到他们时尚选择的影响；beafraidof是“害怕”；beashamedof是“对……感到羞愧”；awake是“醒着的”。笔译实务练习题英译汉部分1.Therapiddevelopmentoftechnologyhasbroughtaboutprofoundchangesinourdailylives.Wecannowaccessinformationatourfingertips,communicatewithpeoplearoundtheworldinstantly,andenjoyawiderangeofentertainmentoptions.However,wealsoneedtobeawareofthepotentialnegativeimpacts,suchasprivacyissuesandthespreadoffalseinformation.参考译文：科技的飞速发展给我们的日常生活带来了深刻的变化。如今，我们只需动动手指就能获取信息，能与世界各地的人即时交流，还能享受各种各样的娱乐选择。然而，我们也需要意识到潜在的负面影响，比如隐私问题和虚假信息的传播。分析：“rapiddevelopment”翻译为“飞速发展”；“bringabout”是“带来”；“atourfingertips”形象地表达为“只需动动手指”；“instantly”是“即时地”；“beawareof”是“意识到”。2.Theculturalheritageofanationislikeaprecioustreasurechest,containingthewisdomandvaluesofgenerations.Preservingandpromotingculturalheritageisnotonlyimportantformaintainingnationalidentitybutalsoforenrichingtheglobalculturaldiversity.参考译文：一个国家的文化遗产就像一个珍贵的宝库，蕴含着几代人的智慧和价值观。保护和弘扬文化遗产不仅对维护国家身份认同至关重要，而且对丰富全球文化多样性也意义重大。分析：“culturalheritage”是“文化遗产”；“precioustreasurechest”是“珍贵的宝库”；“maintainnationalidentity”是“维护国家身份认同”；“enrichtheglobalculturaldiversity”是“丰富全球文化多样性”。3.Inthefaceofenvironmentalchallenges,internationalcooperationiscrucial.Countriesneedtoworktogethertoreducegreenhousegasemissions,protectnaturalresources,andpromotesustainabledevelopment.Onlythroughjointeffortscanwecreateabetterfutureforourplanet.参考译文：面对环境挑战，国际合作至关重要。各国需要共同努力减少温室气体排放，保护自然资源，促进可持续发展。只有通过共同努力，我们才能为我们的地球创造一个更美好的未来。分析：“inthefaceof”是“面对”；“greenhousegasemissions”是“温室气体排放”；“sustainabledevelopment”是“可持续发展”；“jointefforts”是“共同努力”。4.Theeducationsystemshouldfocusoncultivatingstudents'creativityandcriticalthinkingskills.Byencouragingstudentstoquestion,explore,andinnovate,wecanpreparethemforthechallengesofthe21stcentury.参考译文：教育体系应该注重培养学生的创造力和批判性思维能力。通过鼓励学生提问、探索和创新，我们可以让他们为21世纪的挑战做好准备。分析：“cultivate”是“培养”；“criticalthinkingskills”是“批判性思维能力”；“question,explore,andinnovate”分别是“提问、探索和创新”；“prepare...for...”是“让……为……做好准备”。5.Theartmarkethasbecomeincreasinglyglobalizedinrecentyears.Worksofartfromdifferentculturesarenowmoreaccessibletocollectorsaroundtheworld,whichpromotescross-culturalunderstandingandexchange.参考译文：近年来，艺术市场日益全球化。来自不同文化的艺术作品现在更容易被世界各地的收藏家获取，这促进了跨文化的理解和交流。分析：“globalized”是“全球化的”；“worksofart”是“艺术作品”；“cross-culturalunderstandingandexchange”是“跨文化的理解和交流”。汉译英部分1.中国的传统文化源远流长，其中包含着许多宝贵的智慧和价值观。例如，儒家思想强调仁爱、礼仪和教育的重要性。参考译文：China'straditionalculturehasalonghistoryandcontainsmanypreciouswisdomsandvalues.Forexample,Confucianismemphasizestheimportanceofbenevolence,etiquette,andeducation.分析：“源远流长”翻译为“hasalonghistory”；“儒家思想”是“Confucianism”；“仁爱”是“benevolence”；“礼仪”是“etiquette”。2.随着城市化的加速，城市面临着诸多挑战，如交通拥堵、环境污染和住房短缺。政府需要采取有效的措施来解决这些问题。参考译文：Withtheaccelerationofurbanization,citiesarefacingmanychallenges,suchastrafficcongestion,environmentalpollution,andhousingshortage.Thegovernmentneedstotakeeffectivemeasurestosolvetheseproblems.分析：“城市化的加速”是“theaccelerationofurbanization”；“交通拥堵”是“trafficcongestion”；“环境污染”是“environmentalpollution”；“住房短缺”是“housingshortage”；“takeeffectivemeasures”是“采取有效措施”。3.科技创新是推动经济发展的重要动力。中国在5G技术、人工智能等领域取得了显著的成就，为全球科技进步做出了贡献。参考译文：Technologicalinnovationisanimportantdrivingforceforeconomicdevelopment.Chinahasmaderemarkableachievementsinfieldssuchas5Gtechnologyandartificialintelligence,contributingtoglobaltechnologicalprogress.分析：“科技创新”是“technologicalinnovation”；“推动经济发展的重要动力”是“animportantdrivingforceforeconomicdevelopment”；“显著的成就”是“remarkableachievements”；“人工智能”是“artificialintelligence”；“contributeto”是“为……做出贡献”。4.健康的生活方式对于每个人都至关重要。这包括合理饮食、适量运动和充足的睡眠。参考译文：Ahealthylifestyleiscrucialforeveryone.Itincludesabalanceddiet,moderateexercise,andsufficientsleep.分析：“健康的生活方式”是“ahealthylifestyle”；“至关重要”是“crucial”；“合理饮食”是“abalanceddiet”；“适量运动”是“moderateexercise”；“充足的睡眠”是“sufficientsleep”。5.旅游业的发展不仅带动了经济增长，还促进了文化交流和相互理解。许多国家都在积极发展旅游业，以提升国际形象。参考译文：Thedevelopmentofthetourismindustrynotonlydriveseconomicgrowthbutalsopromotesculturalexchangeandmutualunderstanding.Manycountriesareactivelydevelopingthetourismindustrytoenhancetheirinternationalimage.分析：“旅游业的发展”是“thedevelopmentofthetourismindustry”；“带动经济增长”是“driveeconomicgrowth”；“文化交流和相互理解”是“culturalexchangeandmutualunderstanding”；“提升国际形象”是“enhancetheirinternationalimage”。口译练习题交替传译部分英译汉1.Ladiesandgentlemen,welcometoourinternationalconferenceonsustainabledevelopment.Today,wewilldiscusssomeofthemostpressingissuesfacingourplanet,suchasclimatechange,resourcedepletion,andenvironmentalpollution.Wehopethatthroughthisconference,wecanfindeffectivesolutionsandworktogethertocreateamoresustainablefuture.参考译文：女士们，先生们，欢迎参加我们关于可持续发展的国际会议。今天，我们将讨论我们星球面临的一些最紧迫的问题，比如气候变化、资源枯竭和环境污染。我们希望通过这次会议，我们能够找到有效的解决方案，并共同努力创造一个更具可持续性的未来。分析：在翻译过程中，要准确理解“pressingissues”是“紧迫的问题”；“resourcedepletion”是“资源枯竭”；“sustainablefuture”是“可持续的未来”。要注意会议场合的正式用语表达。2.Thecompanyhasbeencommittedtoinnovationandqualityimprovement.Inrecentyears,wehavelaunchedaseriesofnewproductsthathavereceivedhighpraisefromcustomers.Ourgoalistocontinuetoprovidethebestproductsandservicestomeettheevolvingneedsofthemarket.参考译文：该公司一直致力于创新和质量提升。近年来，我们推出了一系列新产品，受到了客户的高度赞扬。我们的目标是继续提供最好的产品和服务，以满足市场不断变化的需求。分析：“becommittedto”是“致力于”；“launchaseriesof”是“推出一系列”；“receivehighpraisefrom”是“受到……的高度赞扬”；“evolvingneeds”是“不断变化的需求”。3.Educationisthefoundationofanation'sdevelopment.Itempowersindividuals,promotessocialmobility,anddriveseconomicgrowth.Intoday'sglobalizedworld,weneedtoprovidehigh-qualityeducationtoouryoungpeopletopreparethemforthechallengesofthefuture.参考译文：教育是一个国家发展的基础。它赋予个人能力，促进社会流动，并推动经济增长。在当今全球化的世界里，我们需要为年轻人提供高质量的教育，让他们为未来的挑战做好准备。分析：“thefoundationof”是“……的基础”；“empowerindividuals”是“赋予个人能力”；“socialmobility”是“社会流动”；“globalizedworld”是“全球化的世界”。4.Themedicalresearchteamhasmadesignificantprogressinthefightagainstcancer.Throughyearsofhardwork,theyhavedevelopednewtreatmentmethodsthathaveimprovedthesurvivalrateofcancerpatients.Thisisagreatachievementforthemedicalfield.参考译文：医学研究团队在抗击癌症方面取得了重大进展。经过多年的努力，他们开发出了新的治疗方法，提高了癌症患者的存活率。这对医学领域来说是一项伟大的成就。分析：“makesignificantprogress”是“取得重大进展”；“inthefightagainst”是“在抗击……方面”；“survivalrate”是“存活率”。5.Theculturalexchangeprogrambetweenourtwocountrieshasbeenverysuccessful.Ithasnotonlyenhancedmutualunderstandingandfriendshipbutalsopromotedtheexchangeofideasandcultures.Welookforwardtomoresuchprogramsinthefuture.参考译文：我们两国之间的文化交流项目非常成功。它不仅增进了相互理解和友谊，还促进了思想和文化的交流。我们期待未来有更多这样的项目。分析：“culturalexchangeprogram”是“文化交流项目”；“enhancemutualunderstandingandfriendship”是“增进相互理解和友谊”；“ex