2021年英语专业四级考试题库大全及答案

2021年英语专业四级考试题库大全及答案词汇与语法部分1.Heisnot_____asateacherofEnglishashispronunciationisterrible.A.muchofasuccessB.muchofafailureC.asuccessD.afailure答案：A。“muchofa+名词”表示“称得上……的，相当不错的”。这里说他因为发音糟糕称不上一个好的英语老师，也就是在英语教学方面不太成功，所以选A。2.Thepolicehaveofferedalarge_____forinformationleadingtotherobber'sarrest.A.awardB.compensationC.prizeD.reward答案：D。“reward”指为某项服务或成就给予的报酬或奖赏，通常是为了鼓励人们提供信息等；“award”一般指官方授予的奖项；“compensation”是补偿；“prize”是竞赛等的奖品。这里警方为获取导致抢劫犯被捕的信息提供报酬，用“reward”合适。3.Itishightimewe_____somethingtostoproadaccidents.A.didB.aredoingC.willdoD.do答案：A。“Itishightimethat...”后面的从句要用虚拟语气，动词用过去式，所以选A。4.Theoldcoupledecidedtomoveoutoftowntoaquiet_____,wheretheyhadspentseveralyearsimmediatelyaftertheirmarriage.A.spaceB.suburbC.neighborhoodD.area答案：B。“suburb”指郊区，符合老夫妇从城里搬到安静地方的语境；“space”强调空间；“neighborhood”侧重社区；“area”范围较广，这里用“suburb”最合适。5._____allourkindnesstohelpher,Sarahrefusedtolistentous.A.AtB.ForC.InD.On答案：B。“for”在这里表示“尽管”，相当于“despite”。全句意思是尽管我们好心帮她，莎拉还是不听我们的。6.Thehousewasveryquiet,_____asitwasonthesideofamountain.A.isolatedB.isolatingC.beingisolatedD.havingbeenisolated答案：A。“isolated”是形容词，作伴随状语，说明房子的状态是“被孤立的，偏远的”，和“quiet”相呼应。7.Wecanassignthetaskto_____iscapableandtrustworthy.A.whomeverB.whoC.whomD.whoever答案：D。“whoever”引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，相当于“anyonewho”。这里表示我们可以把任务分配给任何有能力且值得信赖的人。8.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme_____ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.A.tobeinformedB.oninformingC.informedD.informing答案：C。“keepsb.informedof...”是固定用法，意为“让某人了解……”，“informed”是过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动和完成。9._____theclaimaboutGermaneconomicmight,itissomewhatsurprisinghowrelativelysmalltheGermaneconomyactuallyis.A.TogiveB.GivenC.GivingD.Havinggiven答案：B。“given”在这里是介词，意为“考虑到，鉴于”，引导条件状语。全句意思是考虑到关于德国经济实力的说法，德国经济实际上相对较小这一点有点令人惊讶。10.Ifonlythepatient_____adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibiotics,hemightstillbealivenow.A.hadreceivedB.receivedC.shouldreceiveD.werereceiving答案：A。“ifonly”表示“要是……就好了”，后面的从句要用虚拟语气。根据“hemightstillbealivenow”可知是对过去情况的虚拟，从句要用过去完成时，所以选A。完型填空部分IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe1850sand1860s,andmostof11werecharitable.BothinEuropeandintheU.S.,theday-nurserymovementreceivedgreat12duringtheFirstWorldWar,when13ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountriesnurserieswereestablished14inmunitionsplants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.15thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose16,thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,17,Federal,State,andlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol18thedaynurseries,chieflyby19themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.The20oftheSecondWorldWarwasquicklyfollowedbyanincreaseinthenumberofdaynurseriesinalmostallcountries,aswomenwereagaincalledupontoreplacemeninthefactories.Onthis21theU.S.governmentimmediatelycametothesupportofthenurseryschools,22$6,000,000inJuly,1942,foranursery-schoolprogramforthechildrenofworkingmothers.ManyStatesandlocalcommunities23thisFederalaid.Bytheendofthewar,inAugust,1945,morethan100,000childrenwerebeingcared24inday-carecentersreceivingFederal25.Soonafterward,theFederalgovernment26cutdownitsexpendituresforthispurposeandlater27them,causingasharpdropinthenumberofnurseryschoolsinoperation.However,theexpectationthatmostemployedmotherswouldleavetheir28attheendofthewarwasonlypartlyfulfilled.11.A.thoseB.themC.whoseD.whom答案：B。这里需要一个宾格代词作“of”的宾语，指代前面的“nurseries”，所以用“them”。12.A.impetusB.inputC.imitationD.initiative答案：A。“impetus”意为“推动力，促进”，一战期间人力短缺促使大量女性就业，从而推动了日托所运动的发展，符合语境。“input”是输入；“imitation”是模仿；“initiative”是主动性。13.A.sourcesB.abundanceC.shortageD.reduction答案：C。根据后面“theindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen”可知是人力短缺，才让大量女性去工作，“shortage”符合。14.A.hardlyB.entirelyC.onlyD.even答案：D。“even”表示递进，在一些欧洲国家，日托所甚至建在了军工厂里，符合逻辑。15.A.BecauseB.AsC.SinceD.Although答案：D。前后是转折关系，尽管美国日托所数量也增加了，但没有政府任何援助，“although”引导让步状语从句。16.A.unanimouslyB.sharplyC.predominantlyD.militantly答案：B。“sharply”表示急剧地，说明日托所数量增加得很快，符合语境。17.A.thereforeB.consequentlyC.howeverD.moreover答案：C。这里和前文是转折关系，一战后联邦、州和地方政府开始对日托所进行控制，用“however”。18.A.overB.inC.atD.about答案：A。“exercisecontrolover...”是固定搭配，意为“对……实施控制”。19.A.formulatingB.labelingC.patentingD.licensing答案：D。“licensing”意为“颁发许可证”，政府通过给日托所颁发许可证、检查和规范其内部条件来进行控制。20.A.outsetB.outbreakC.breakthroughD.breakdown答案：B。“outbreak”指（战争、疾病等的）爆发，二战爆发后日托所数量增加，符合语境。21.A.circumstanceB.occasionC.caseD.situation答案：B。“onthisoccasion”是固定短语，意为“在这个时候，在这种场合”。22.A.regulatingB.summoningC.allocatingD.transferring答案：C。“allocating”意为“分配，拨出”，美国政府在1942年7月拨出600万美元用于日托所项目。23.A.expandedB.facilitatedC.supplementedD.compensated答案：C。“supplemented”表示补充，许多州和地方社区补充了联邦政府的援助。24.A.byB.afterC.ofD.for答案：D。“carefor”是固定短语，意为“照顾”。25.A.pensionsB.subsidiesC.revenuesD.budgets答案：B。“subsidies”指补贴，这里说在接受联邦补贴的日托中心里的孩子。26.A.prevalentlyB.furiouslyC.statisticallyD.drastically答案：D。“drastically”表示大幅度地，联邦政府大幅度削减了这方面的开支。27.A.abolishedB.diminishedC.jeopardizedD.precluded答案：A。“abolished”意为“废除，取消”，后来取消了开支，导致日托所数量急剧下降。28.A.nurseriesB.homesC.jobsD.children答案：C。人们期望大多数职业母亲在战后会离开工作岗位，但只是部分实现了，所以选“jobs”。阅读理解部分Passage1Telecommuting—substitutingthecomputerforthetriptothejob—hasbeenhailedasasolutiontoallkindsofproblemsrelatedtoofficework.Forworkersitpromisesfreedomfromtheoffice,lesstimewastedintraffic,andhelpwithchild-careconflicts.Formanagement,telecommutinghelpskeephighperformersonboard,minimizestardinessandabsenteeismbyeliminatingcommutes,allowsperiodsofsolitudeforhigh-concentrationtasks,andprovidesschedulingflexibility.Insomeareas,suchasSouthernCaliforniaandSeattle,Washington,localgovernmentsareencouragingcompaniestostarttelecommutingprogramsinordertoreducerush-hourtrafficandimproveairquality.Butthesebenefitsdonotcomeeasily.Makingatelecommutingprogramworkrequirescarefulplanningandanunderstandingofthedifferencesbetweentelecommutingrealitiesandpopularimages.Manyworkersareseducedbyrosyillusionsoflifeasatelecommuter.AcomputerprogrammerfromNewYorkCitymovestothetranquilAdirondackMountainsandstaysincontactwithherofficeviacomputer.Amanagercomesintohisofficethreedaysaweekandworksathometheothertwo.Anaccountantstayshometocareforhersickchild;shehooksuphertelephonemodemconnectionsanddoesofficeworkbetweencallstothedoctor.Thesearepowerfulimages,buttheyarealimitedreflectionofreality.Telecommutingworkerssoonlearnthatitisalmostimpossibletoconcentrateonworkandcareforayoungchildatthesametime.Beforeacertainage,youngchildrencannotrecognize,muchlessrespect,thenecessaryboundariesbetweenworkandfamily.Additionalchildsupportisnecessaryiftheparentistogetanyworkdone.Management,too,mustseparatethemythfromthereality.Althoughthemediahaspaidagreatdealofattentiontotelecommuting,inmostcasesitistheemployee'ssituation,nottheavailabilityoftechnology,thatprecipitatesatelecommutingarrangement.Thatispartlywhy,despitethewidespreadpresscoverage,thenumberofcompanieswithwork-at-homeprogramsorpolicyguidelinesremainssmall.29.Whatisthemainsubjectofthepassage?A.Businessmanagementpolicies.B.Drivingtowork.C.Extendingtheworkplacebymeansofcomputers.D.Computersforchild-carepurposes.答案：C。文章主要围绕远程办公，即通过电脑把工作场所延伸到家庭等地方展开，介绍了其好处、实施的困难等，所以选C。30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaproblemforofficeemployees?A.Beingrestrictedtotheoffice.B.Incurringexpensesforlunchesandclothing.C.Takingcareofchildren.D.Drivinginheavytraffic.答案：B。文章提到员工在办公室工作会受限于办公室、面临交通拥堵和照顾孩子的问题，但未提及午餐和服装费用问题。31.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthormentionasapossibledisadvantageoftelecommuting?A.Smallchildrenmaydistractfromwork.B.Thecomputermaybreakdown.C.Telecommutersareoftenlonely.D.Jobpromotionsarelesslikely.答案：A。文中提到远程办公的员工很难同时专注工作和照顾小孩，小孩子会分散工作注意力，所以选A。32.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleoftelecommutingasdescribedinthepassage?A.Ascientistinalaboratorydevelopingplansforaspacestation.B.Atechnicalwritersendingviacomputerdocumentscreatedathome.C.Acomputertechnicianrepairinganofficecomputernetwork.D.Ateacherdirectingcomputer-assistedlearninginaprivateschool.答案：B。远程办公是用电脑代替去办公室上班，技术作家在家创作文件并通过电脑发送，符合远程办公的定义，选B。写作部分题目Nowadays,moreandmorestudentschoosetofurthertheirstudyabroad.Somepeoplethinkitisagoodwaytogainbettereducationandexperiencedifferentcultures,whileothersbelieveitmaybringsomeproblemssuchasculturalshockandhighcost.Writeanessayofabout200wordstodiscussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.范文Inrecentyears,thephenomenonofstudentsgoingabroadforfurtherstudyhasbecomeincreasinglyprevalent.Opinionsonthistrendaredivided.Thoseinfavorofstudyingabroadarguethatitoffersstudentsaccesstohigh-qualityeducationresources.Foreignuniversitiesoftenhaveadvancedteachingmethodsandresearchfacilities,whichcanbroadenstudents'academichorizons.Moreover,itisanexcellentopportunitytoexperiencediversecultures,enhancecross-culturalcommunicationskills,anddevelopamoreglobalperspective.However,opponentspointoutseveralproblems.Firstly,culturalshockisacommonissue.Studentsmayfinditdifficulttoadapttothenewenvironment,customs,andvalues,whichcanleadtofeelingsofisolationandanxiety.Secondly,thecostofstudyingabroadisextremelyhigh,includingtuitionfees,livingexpenses,andtravelcosts,whichmayimposeaheavyfinancialburdenonfamilies.Inmyopinion,studyingabroadhasitsprosandcons.Ifstudentscanwellpreparethemselvesforthechallengesandtheirfamiliescanaffordthecost,itisdefinitelyavaluableexperience.Theyshouldmakefulluseoftheresourcesandopportunitiesabroadtoimprovethemselvesandmakeacontributiontotheirmotherlandinthefuture.听力部分对话理解Conversation1W:Hi,Tom.Howwasyourweekend?M:Notbad.Iwenttotheartexhibitionatthecitymuseum.Itwasreallyamazing.W:Oh,soundsinteresting.Whatkindofartworkswerethere?M:Therewerepaintings,sculpturesandsomemodernartinstallations.Iespeciallylikedtheoilpaintings.Theyweresovivid.33.WheredidTomgolastweekend?A.Toapark.B.Toamuseum.C.Toaconcert.D.Toatheater.答案：B。对话中Tom明确说“Iwenttotheartexhibitionatthecitymuseum”，所以选B。34.WhatkindofartworksdidTomlikebest?A.Sculptures.B.Modernartinstallations.C.Oilpaintings.D.Water-colorpaintings.答案：C。Tom说“Iespeciallylikedtheoilpaintings”，所以选C。新闻听力News1Amajorearthquakehitthecoastalareaofasmallcountrylastnight.Theearthquake,withamagnitudeof6.5ontheRichterscale,causedwidespreaddamage.Manybuildingscollapsed,andtherearereportsofcasualties.Rescueteamshavebeendispatchedtotheaffectedareatosearchforsurvivorsandprovideemergencyassistance.35.Whathappenedlastnight?A.Afloodhitasmallcountry.B.Afirebrokeoutinacoastalarea.C.Anearthquakestruckacoastalarea.D.Ahurricanehitasmalltown.答案：C。新闻开头就提到“Amajorearthquakehitthecoastalareaofasmallcountrylastnight”，所以选C。36.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheearthquake?A.5.5B.6.0C.6.5D.7.0答案：C。新闻中明确给出地震震级是6.5级，所以选C。更多词汇与语法题37.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds_____hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase答案：D。“onwhichtobasehisarguments”是“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构，相当于定语从句“whichhecouldbasehisargumentson”，base...on...是固定搭配，这里表示教授很难找到足够的依据来支持新理论。38._____forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.A.HaditnotbeenB.WereitnotC.BeitnotD.Shoulditnotbe答案：A。这是虚拟语气的倒装结构，原句是“Ifithadnotbeenforthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic”，省略if后，把助动词had提前，所以选A。39.You_____himsoclosely;youshouldhavekeptyourdistance.A.shouldn'thavebeenfollowingB.shouldn'tfollowC.mustn'tfollowD.couldn'thavebeenfollowing答案：A。“shouldn'thavedone”表示本不应该做某事却做了，这里说本不应该一直紧紧跟着他，应该保持距离，所以选A。40.Thegovernmenthaspromisedtodo_____liesinitspowertoeasethehardshipsofthevictimsintheflood-strickenarea.A.howeverB.whicheverC.whateverD.wherever答案：C。“whatever”引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示政府承诺会做力所能及的事情来缓解洪灾地区灾民的困苦。41.Theroomwassoquietthatshecouldhearthe_____ofherheart.A.hittingB.beatingC.tappingD.knocking答案：B。“heart-beating”表示心跳，“beat”常用来描述心脏、脉搏等有规律的跳动，所以选B。42.Shewasso_____inherjobthatshedidn'thearanybodyknockingatthedoor.A.attractedB.absorbedC.drawnD.concentrated答案：B。“beabsorb