博远初中英语语法

BY

BEYONDTUTORSHIP博远初中英语语法

目录

1、名词2

2、数词5

3、代词7

4、冠词9

5、连词11

6、介词13

7、形容词和副词20

8、动词22

9、动词时态27

10、动词语态31

11、非谓语动词35

12、句子39

13、主谓一致49

BY

BEYONDTUTORSHIP博远初中英语语法

一、名词

I、名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词

㈠.可数名词单数变复数

1.规则变化

名词形式复数变化读音单数复数

清辅音读作/s/deskdesks

一般名词+s

浊辅音读作/z/dogdogs

以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词+es/iz/classclasses

个别以ch结尾的词+s/ks/stomachstomachs

以e结尾的词+s/iz/pagepages

以fe,f结尾的词去ffe或f为ves/vz/lifelives

有些以f结尾的词+s/fs/^/fc/roofroofs

以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i,+es/iz/familyfamilies

以元音字母+y结尾的词+s/z/boyboys

+es/iz/tomatotomatoes

kilokilos

以。结尾的词，如不是外来

photophotos

词或缩写形式否则+s/z/

pianopianos

radioradios

2.特殊变化的名词复数：不规则变化

⑴变oo为ee:Footfeet,tooth—teeth,goose^geese

(2)变man为men:policeman^policemen

⑶单复形式相同:People,deer,sheep,fish

⑷表民族的名词单复

①中日不变：Chinesejapanese

②英法把man变为men

③其他一般力口-s:German^GermansRussian一Russians

(5)词尾力口-en或-renox—oxen,child—children

3.复合名词

⑴词尾+s/es或词尾变为复数：Tooth-brush^tooth-brushes；Green-house^green-houses；

gentleman^gentlemen；boy/girlstudentboy/girlstudents

⑵主体名词+s或主要部分:Son-in-law-sons-in-law；Passer-byfpassers-by

⑶两个构成部分都变成复数:Amandoctorfmendoctors；Awomandoctor-womendoctors

⑷字母、数字、符号及单词的复数形式，词尾+'s:Therearethreee'sinthewordatemperaturev.

He'sgotfour5's.

（二）.不可数名词

1.上下文决定可数与不可数:Aglassismadeofglass.Chicken小鸡（可数）与鸡肉（不可数）

2.表不同类别时可用复数：tea-teas各种茶；fruit—fruits各种水果

3.个别抽象名词表具体的事物时，可用复数形式：difficulty—difficulties困难的事

4.有些名词单复数形式意义不同

Time时间times时代，次数

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wood木头woods森林

sand沙sands沙滩

paper纸papers试卷、文件、论文

cloth布clothes衣服

water水waters水域、水体

work工作works工厂、著作、工程

green绿色greens蔬菜

mamer态度--mamers礼貌

集体名词thepolice（全体警察）

5.只有复数形式:Trousers;clothes;shorts;glasses;goods;shoes

6.不可数名词数量表达:Apieceofpaper;abottleofmilk;Plentyofwater;ablockofice;acupoftea

一些不定量词：someice;muchmoney;alittlewater

㈢、名词所有格：在句子中表示所属关系，两种形式①of+，s②of+名词性物主代词

1.一般有生命的用's；无生命用of如：theboy^hatthetitleofthesong

2.带，s必须是一个明确限定的指人的名词，同时。f前名词必须为不确指的名词，带有冠词，数

词，不定代词或指示代词Acousinofmyfather's.

3.双重所有格Tomisafriendofmybrother's整体中的一部分

4.中心词picture,painting,photo等双重所有格's指收藏的；用of表示某人自己的照片，画

注：①、并列名词表各自所属：Lucy'sanglily'sbedrooms.

②、共同所属，最后加's:Lucyandlily'sbedroom.

③、名词有共同位语，只在同位语后加：Myyoungerbrother,John9.

④、表店铺、某人的家、诊所、餐馆等，名词可省略：atthedoctors

例子：

1.Theyarefrom___.They're___.

a.Germany;Germansb.Germans;Germany

c.German;Germanyd.Germans;Germen

2.A11the___teachersenjoysthemselvesonMarch8th,becauseitwastheirownholiday.

a.manb.menc.womand.women

3.I'mhungry.Canyougiveme_?

a.somescliceofbreadb.someslicesofbreadc.somebreadd.somebreads

3.Ourschoolisjusttenwalkfrommyhome.

a.minute'sb.minutes9c.minuted.minutes

4.PeopleinAmericaeatmuch___.

a.coffeeb.onionsc.beefd.icedwater

练习：

1.Myparentsdon'tallowmetoeat.

Inevereatany.Becausetheyarejunkfood.

a.fruitsb.noodlesc.hamburgersd.vegetables

2.1hearyouhavetogetupearlyeverymorning.

Right.It'soneoftheinmyfamily.

a.plansb.ordersc.rulesd.suggestions

3.Whosekeyisthis?

Isit___?Sheislookingforitontheplayground.

a.Tom'sb.Kate'sc.Tomd.Kate

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4.1havetospeaktomygrandmaloudlybecausesomethingiswrongwithher_.

a.eyesb.earsc.legsd.hands

5.Itisfiveyearssincewebegantoenjoya_springholidayeachyear.

a.ten-dayb.tendayc.tenday'sd.ten-day

6.Therearefour__andtwoatthe___.

a.Johns;Marys;doctorsb.Johns;Marys;doctoer'sc.John's;Mary's;doctor'sd.John;Mary;doctor9s

7.Aftermovingtotheirnewhouse,theLeesboughtsomeinthemallnearby,

a.fumitureb.chairc.tabled.shelf

8.Doyoulikelisteningto"themoonlightsonata"?

Yes.Listeningtoismyfavorite.

a.Newsb.storiesc.reportsd.music

9.Isawmany__abouttheearthquakeinWenchuanontheInternet.Theytoldusalotofstoriesabout

the.

a.photos;herosb.photos;heroesc.photos;herod.photos;heros

10.Wehaveno__inthefridge.Lefsgoandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.

a.vegetablesb.eggsc.meald.fruit

11."Excuseme,areyou?”

“No,weare.”

a.American,Englishmanb.American,Germansc.American,Germend.Englishman,Americans

12.fathersmadethemhavepianolessons.

A.PeterandAnn'sB.Peter'sandAnn'sC.Peter'sandAnnD.PeterandAnn

13.WhatcanIdoforyou?

rdliketwo.

a.boxofappleb.boxesofapplesc.boxofapplesd.boxesofapple

14—Howmanywouldyoulike?

一Two,please.

A.cupsofteaB.cupofteasC.cupsofteasD.cupoftea

15.Jackisagoodfriend,heoftencomestoourhomeforavisit.

A.ofmyfatherB.ofmyfathersC.formyfatherD.withmyfather

16.1amverythirsty,wouldyouliketopassmesome?

Sure,Hereyouare.

A.breadB.riceC.chickensD.orange

17.ismadeof.

a.Glass;glassb.Aglass;glassc.Glasses;glassesd.Aglass;glasses

18.Arethose?

a.sheep;cowsb.sheep;cowc.sheeps;cowd.sheeps;cows

19.Thatbusdriverdranktwo__.

a.glassofwaterb.glassesofwatersc.cupsoftead.cupoftea

20.Helpyourselftosome.

Thankyou,Ireallylikethem.

a.fishb.orangec.breadd.cakes

21.Twodiedofcoldlastyear.

a.hundredsoldpeopleb.hundredoldpeoplec.hundredsoldpeopled.hundredoldpeoples

22.Myunclehasthree(child).

23.Allthe(boxes)arefullofapples.

24.Wouldyougetmesome(paper),please?

25.1havesome(photo)ofmyfriendJim.

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二、数词

数词可分为基数词、序数词

I、基数词

1、位于another,all之后Canyougivemeanothertwodags?

2、位于such,more之前Youcanfinishreadingtwosuchbooksinfourdays.

基数词：1到12,单独记忆；13到19,相同后缀teen;20到90,相同后缀ty;billion,million,thousand

十位与百位间加and;百位与千位间不加and;以ty结尾，十位和个位间用eighty-nine

具体数字后，不加s和of:twomillion

几百，几千，几万等，加s和of:millionsof

特例：Twothousandofthestudentsintheschoolarewatchingamovie.

n、序数词

⑴.基数词变序数词

第一，二，三特殊t己:first,secondJhird

逢ve-f再加th:fifth,twelve

八没t,九没e：eighth,ninth

逢十把y-ie,再加一th：twentieth,fortieth

第几十几只须变个位：twenty-first

一般为一th:sixth

一般前面用the,若有a/an,则表“又一，再一“We41tryitasecondtime.

若前有物主代词就不加theHerfirsttriptoHainan

①.用“几十”复数，表年龄：Thirties三十多岁；Teens表十几岁

②用“几十”复数，表年代：1990s二十世纪九十年代

当基数词用作名词或一些固定组中时，数词用复数

Howmanyfoursarethereinthetwenty?

⑵.分数

①.分子大于1，分母用序数词复数：Onethird1/3twothirds=two-thirds2/3

☆连接符连接数词，名词;有数词和其他名词构成名词性短语

名词用单数形式，作定语：Tendays=ten-dayten-dayholidy

Ahalf=a/onesecond1/2

A/onequarter=onefourth1/4

②.带分数：整数and分数：2三twoandthreefourths

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③.一个分数或分数+。计名词作主语时，谓语动词与其一致

Onethirdofthefoodhasbeenwasted.

⑶小数0.04zeropointzerofour

（4）.百分数0.35%zeropointthreefiveprecent50%fiftyhundredths=fiftypercent

⑸.年、月、日：日用序数词，年最后，用“，”隔开in2010读作intwentyten;onDecember25th,2010

若先日后月，月前加of,

（6）.时刻：①.6:00sixo9clock

②.W半小时，用pasttwentypastsix

③.>半小时，用totwentytosix

④.24小时制twenty-two,twenty-five22:25

（7）.编号thetenthlesson=lessontenthefirstpart=partoneRoom401读作roomfburoone

⑻.倍数三倍以上times两倍twice

倍数：a,主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+as+adj.+as

b.s+v+倍数（分数）+thesize（amout,length）of

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c,s+v+倍数(分数)+a4j.(adv.)比较级+than

d,by+倍数，表增加多少倍

⑼.算式2+3：twoplusthree

7—2:sevenminustwo

6X5:sixmultipliedbyfive

244-6:twenty-fourdividedbysix

3:2:theratioofthreetotwo

22:twosquard23:twocubedx3:thefourthpowerofx

例子：

1.Howmuchdoesitcosttobuildtheschoollibrary?

Fouryuan.

a.millionofb.millionsofc.millionsd.million

2.ShanghaihasopeneditsTVchannelthatsendsprogramsinforeignlanguages.

Great!IcanimprovemyEnglishoverit.

a.firstb.afirstc.thefirst

3.Johnbegantomakealivingbyhimself.

a.inhisthirtyb.inhisthirtiesc.inthethirtyd.inthethirties

4.Whereistheheadteachter?

Maybeheisin.

a.tworoomb.thetworoomc.roomstwod.roomtwo

5.Aboutoftheworkersinthefactorywerebominthe.

a.twothirds;1970b.twothirds;1970sc.twothird;1970d.twothird;1970s

练习：

1.Todayismymother'sbirthday.Iwillbuyheragift.

a.fourteenb.fourteenthc.fortyd.fbrtieth

2.soldiersanddoctorshavebeeninWenchuantohelpthepeoplethere.

a.Thousandofb.Twothousandsc.Thousandsofd.Twothousandsof

3.Wedon'thaveenoughnursestolookafterthepatients.Atleastareneeded.

a.tenanothernursesb.moretennursesc.othertennursesd.anothertennurses

4.Therearesixtystudentsinourclass.Andofusareboys.

Wow!Youhavefortygirls!

a.onefourthb.onethirdc.twofifthsd.twothirds

5.Pleasewritedownthenewwordsinthetextof_.

a.lessonelevenb.thelessonelevenc.lessoneleventhd.eleventhlesson

6.ThesunfamilyhadavisittoCanadalastmonth.

a.tendaysb.tendayc.ten-daysd.ten-day

7.Theletterintheword“develop"is"v".

A.secondb.thirdc.fifthd.three

8.Howoldisyourdaughter?

---.Wehadaspecialpartyforher___birthdaylastweek.

a.Ninth;ninthb.Nine;ninec.Ninth;nined.Nine;ninth

9.TomwastogettoschoolandIwas.

a.first;ninthb.afirst;aninthc.thefirst;theninthd.thesecond;thenineth

lO.Pleaseturnto___.Lefsreadthetextaloud.

a.pagetwob.thepagetwoc.secondpaged.pagesecond

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三、代词

I、人称代词

单数复数

主格宾格主格宾格

第一人称ImeweUS

第二人称youyouyouyou

hehim

第三人称shehertheythem

itit

1.人称代词顺序：单数you,heJ;复数we,you,they

2.It的用法：

①无人称动词的主语：表天气、时间、距离、日期等StrainscontinuallyinNaijinginApirl.

②作先行词，引导非谓语动词或从句：Itisgoodhabittodomorningexercises.

Hetookitforgrantedtoaskforhelpfromhisfriend.

③惯用it作主语：Itseemedthathedidit.

④指代婴儿或不明身份的人；指代无生命的动词

⑤指代上文内容

⑥形式宾语

it句型:

①it'snogood/usedoingsth

②itbe+被强调部分+that从句ItisLeiFengthatwasalwaysreadytohelpothers.

(3)itseemsthatItseemsthatthelittleboydosen'tlikethetoy.

④it'sone'sturntodoIfsmyturntofeedthebirdtoday.

⑤it'stimetodo/for/thatIt'stimefordinner.

@ifs+adj.+for/ofsb.+不定式

II、物主代词

第一人称第二人称第三人称

形容词性名词性形容词性名词性形容词性名词性

hishis

单数mymineyouryoursherhers

itsits

复数ouroursyouryourstheirtheirs

名词性物主代词常与of连用作定语：afriendofmineahatofhers

形容词性物主代词接own之后，可跟名词，也可不跟myownbike=abikeofmyown

IIK反身代词

单数复数

第一人称myselfourselves

第二人称yourselfyourselves

第三人称himself,herself,itselfthemselves

固定搭配：teachoneself自学；enjoyoneself玩得高兴；helponeself(to)随便吃些...吧

leaveonebyoneself把某人单独留下；saytooneself自言自语；learn..byoneself自学…

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IV、指示代词

This,that代单数；ThisisanEnglishdictionary,thatisaFrenchone.

This,these指离说话人所在地较近处或时间

That,those指离说话人所在地较远处或时间;TheweatherinKunmingisbetterthaninChangchun.

Such表“如此，这样的人或物”;such+a(an)+形容词+名词Ihaveneverseensuchafinedictionary.

Same表”同样的人或物”；前面必须加theThesametoyou!Theyarenotinthesameclass.

V、不定代词

复合不定代词不可数:

Some-Any-No-Every-

SomeoneanyoneNooneeveryone

某人任何人无一人每人，大家

somebodyanybodynobodyeverybody

某人任何人无一人每人，大家

somethinganythingnothingeverything

某事，某物任何事物无一物每一个事物，一切

①Some及其复合词，一般用于电定句；Any及其复合词，用于否定句和疑问句

②No,noone,nobody,nothing,表示否定意义

Noonewaskindertomethanmymother.

③One代可数名词，复数用ones；one与前面出现的单数名词同一类但是不同一个

④None“没有任何（人/物）“noneof复数可数名词/不可数名词

⑤Both两者都；A11三者或三者以上，或泛指一切

⑥Each两者或以上，侧重于个别；Every三者或三者以上，侧重于全体

⑦Other表“其他的，别的”只作定语，一般修饰可数名词复数

Theother特指另一部,指代单数名词

Others表“另一些，别的（人或物）"=other+可数名词复数，不能作定语

Theothers表"剩下的，其余的“，除此之外的全部人或物；=theother+可数名词复数

Another不定数目的“另一个，类似的一个”，代单数名词；后有基数词或few,

可接复数名词anotherfewchairs

⑧Either两者中任一；Neither两者中无一，具有否定意义

⑨Most指“大部分，大多数”

⑩Few,little"几乎，一点没有”，具有否定意义

主格和宾格所有格

两者each,othereach,other's

互相彼此的

两个以上one,antherone,another9s

△▲

Onetheother

△

Oneanother

△▲▲▲▲

Onetheothers

△△△△…

Someothers

▲▲▲▲

Sometheothers

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VI、相互代词

Eachother和oneanother通常“eachother”指两者之间的“互相”,

oneanother指两者以上的人或事物的相互关系

Thetwogirlsoftenhelpeachotherintheirlessons.

Theboysinthisclassliketobullyoneanother.

vn、关系代词

Who;whom;whose;that;which

Who;whom;whose引导定语从句时，其先行词必须是人。

Thisisthedoctorwhocamehereyesterday.

That引导定语从句，其先行词既可指人，也可指物;which引导的定语从句，只能用来指物

Themanthatisstandingbythedoorisherbrother.

vm、疑问代词

What表“什么，什么职业"等Whafsyourfather?

whatdate;whatprice;whattemperature;whatnumber;whatsize…等

Who,whom,whose

Which有几种事物中挑选一个提问时用which,后面必须紧跟一个名词

Whichcolordoyoulikebetter,whiteorred?

例子：

1.Twoeveningpapers,please!

--Onlyonecopyleft.Wouldyouliketohave___,sir?

a.oneb.bitc.thisd.that

2.IamCindyBrown.Youcancall___Cindy.

a.usb.himc.herd.me

3.MayIborrowyourdictionary,Jim?

Oh,sorry.Itisn't___.

a.hisb.hersc.myd.mine

4.“Havetry,youaresoclosetotheanswer,"theteachersaidtoEric.

a.theotherb.oneanotherc.otherd.another

5.Shehaswrittenalotofbooks,butaregoodones.

a.anyb.somec.fewd.many

6.1havetwoboxes.Oneisbig,issmall.

a.anotherb.othersc.otherd.theother

6.TheShuteshaven'tdecidedtogothereforafieldtripthisweekend,

a.howb.whyc.whered.what

1.---didyoubuyformomforMother9sDay?

一Someflowers.

a.Howb.Wherec.Whend.What

练习：

1.Betty,help___tosomesoup.

Thanksalot.

a.youb.yourc.yourselfd.yours

2.Isthere__intoday'snewspaper?

Yes,ourNationalTableTennisTeamwonallthesevengoldmedalsoncemore.

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A.somethingnewb.anythingnewc.somebodyspeciald.anybodyspecial

3.IfindeasytoteachEnglish.Heisveryclever.

a.it;himb.it;hisc.that;himd.that;his

4.一Doyouknowthegirlbetween___?

Yes,she'smypenpalfromAustralia.

a.heandmeb.himandIc.himandmed.heandI

5.Readingcanincreaseyourwords.Whenyouread,youwillfindwordsrepeat(重复)andbuild

upyourvocabularyquickly.

a.ourselvesB.itselfC.themselvesD.himself

6.Doesknowtheanswertothequestion?

Me.

A.everybodyB.anybodyC.somebodyD.nobody

7.YouspeakEnglishverywell.YoumusthaveagoodEnglishteacher.

Butnoonetaughtme.Ilearneditallby.

A.meB.IC.mineD.myself

8.一Again,mycomputerdoesn'twork.

___mustbesomethingwrongwiththeCPU.

a.Thereb.Thatc.Itd.This

9.一Father'sdayiscoming.Whatwillyoudoforfather?

rilsend__acard.

a.himb.herc.med.you

10.1saw__playinginthestreetatthattime.

a.themb.theyc.theird.theirs

11.Jimwillgive__ashorttalktomorrow.

a.web.usc.ourd.ours

12.wassummeranditwasveryhot.

a.Sheb.Hec.Itd.This

13.hashappenedanddidit?

a.Who;whob.What;whoc.What;whatd.Who;what

14.Thebottleisempty.Thereis__init.

a.anythingb.somethingc.nothingd.everything

15.Thefilmisn'tinteresting.peoplelikeit.

a.Fewb.Alittlec.Afewd.Little

16.Thafswewanttosay.

a.whenb.whoc.howd.what

17.Tomandwillgotoseeourteacher,forisill.

a.I;sheb.me;shec.I;herd.me;her

18.Thisbluesuitlooksbetterthanthatgreen.

a./b.onec.suitsd.ones

19.Wouldyoulikemorecoflee?

a.littleb.anyc.somed.another

20.He'sagoodfriendof(she).

21.Sheisastallas(she)father.

22.Wewant(they)tohelpus.

23.Tominvited(we)todinner.

24.Let(we)help(you)with(your)English.

25.Thesebooksareveryimportantto(I).

io

四、冠词

I＞不定冠词a/an,辅音音素前用a;元音音素前用an

L指人或事物的某一类Aknifeisatoolforcuttingwith.

2.相当于one,表示“一个“，但不如one强烈Hewillbebackinadayortwo.

3.相当于acertain,onelike,指某人或某物，但不具体说明AMr.lingiswaitingforyou.

4•相当于any,表示种类Atrianglehasthreeangles.

5•相当于every或per，表示“每"Thecarisrunning50milesanhour.

6.用于最高级前，无比较含义Thisisamostusefulbook.=Thisisaveryusefulbook.

7•用于序数词前，表“再一，又一"Pleasegivemeasecondchance.

8•词组haveacoldalongtimeinaword总而言之

II、定冠词the

1.特指某些人或事物BeijingisthecapitalofChina.

2.谈话双方都知道的人或事物Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?

3.指上文提到过的人或事Isawagirl.Thegirliscrying.

4.世上独一无二的人或事Themoongoesaroundtheearth.

5.单独名词前表示一类人或物Thehorseisausefulanimal.

6.形容词最高级前Whoisthetalleststudenthere?

7.形容词前表示一类人或物Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.

8.形容词前表某种抽象概念Thebeautifulneverdies.

9.有些专有名词前：江河、湖海、山脉、沙漠、岛、杂志、建筑等theYellowRivertheGreatWall

10.序数词前thefirst

11.姓氏的复数前表示一家人TheTurnersarewatchingTV.

12•乐器前playthepiano

13•方位名词前TheislandtotheeastofJapan

14.用于含有普通名词的专有名词thePeople'sRepublicofChinatheSummerPalace颐和园

15.在“动词+某人+介词+定冠词+人体某一部分”，习惯上用theIhithimonthenose.

16.固定词组：intheendallthetime

III、零冠词

1•表地名、国名，人名的专有名词前England；China;Mary;Beijing;room321

2.泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或物Theyareteachers.

3.抽象名词Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

4.物质名词表示一般概念时Mancan'tlivewithoutwater.

5.季节、月份、节目、假日、日期、星期前March8isWomensDay

6.称呼、官衔、职位、学科、语言的名词前Theymadehimmonitor.WehaveChinese,Maths.

7.三餐、球类、娱乐playchessplayfootballhavebreakfast

但三餐前有形容词或特指，可用Weenjoyedthelunchyouofferedverymuch.

8.两个/两个以上名词并用Ican'twritewithoutpenorpencil.

9.By+交通工具bybus

10.gotohospital去看病gotothehospital去医院atschool在上学attheschool在学校

类似的还有attable在进餐atthetable在桌子旁atsea在航海atthesea在海边

IV、不用冠词的序数词

1.已有物主代词或this,that,any,every,some,no及these,thosemyfirstclass

2•作副词Hecamefirstintherace.

3.在固定词组中firstofall

n

V、冠词位置

1.名词或名词性短语的最前面aprettyboy

2.Such/half7many+a/an+(adj.)+n.

3.So/too+adj.+a/an+n

4.All/both/double/threetimes等后，名词前

5.Quite,rather于单数名词连用，不定冠词放在其后；若名词有形容词修饰，不定代词前后均可

Quiteastrongteamoraquitestrongteam

例子：

1.Myfatherisengineer.Heworksveryhard.

a.ab.anc.thed./

2.TheWarlordsis_mostwonderfulmovieIhaveeverseenandIexpecttoseeitfor__secondtime.

A.the;ab.the;thec.a;thed.a;a

3.Look,walkmanthatIboughtlastyearisn'tworkingproperly.

a.ab.anc.thed./

4.Howdoesyourfathergotowork?

a.Byabikeb.Onfeetc.Bythecard.Bybus

练习：

1.Who'syoungmanwithlonghair?

He6safriendofmine.

a.ab.thec.and.his

2.youngestleaderinourschoolismancalledJohnson.

a.The;ab.A;thec.A;ad.An;an

3.Onsunnyafternoon,myparentsandIhadagoodtimeonthebeach.

a.theb.anc.ad./

4.一Whatwouldyoulikeforbreakfast,Mr.Green?

一Twopiecesofbreadandcupoftea,please.

A.a;ab.a;thec./;ad./;the

5.Heusuallygoesto_workby___bike.

a./;theb,the;thec,/;/d,a;a

6.earthweliveonisbiggerthan_moon.

a.The,ab.The,thec.An,ad.An,the

7.Father'sDayiscoming.IfsonthirdSundayinJune.

a.ab.anc.thed./

8.---WhatshouldIbuyforTom'sbirthday?

Howaboutcamera?Helovestakingphotos.

a.ab.anc.thed./

2.---Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink,Betty?

-Yes,cupofcoflee,pleaseo

A.ab.anc.thed./

9.Tomishonestboy.Henevertellslies.

10.richwishtobericher,and___poorfeartobepoorer.

11.Thereisbookinherhand.

12.Hehastriedtwice,andheisaskedtohave__thirdtry.

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五、连词

㈠并列连词

（1）表转折关系的But（但是）；while（而，然而）；yet（可是）

Heisshort,whilehisbrotheristall.

（2）表因果关系的So（所以）Itwaslate,soIwenthome.

For（因为）Itismorning,forthebirdsaresinging.

表选择关系的：either...or...（或者…或者...）;ratherthan（而不，也不）,or

Ora.或

b.祈使句+or为“否则"Studyhard,oryouwillfail

c.否定句中，名词/代词+or+名词/代词，与or后面的名词/代词一致

orelse（否则）;otherwise（要不然）

Hewentratherthanstayedasanunwelcome.

（3）表联合关系的:Notonly...butalso;aswellas;both...and...;neither...nor...

Anda.表示和，且在肯定句中

b.祈使句+andand为“那么”之意Studyhard,andyouwillsucceed

c.形容词/副词and形容词/副词意为“渐渐"againandagain

名词+and+名词表同一种事或同一人时，用动词单数Thesingeranddancerhascome.

Both:a.Bothyouandsheareright动词用复数

b.Boththeanswersarerightboth“两个都”

Both...and...用于否定句，表示部分否定

Either+单（动），名词单

Eitherof+名词复数Youmayeitherofthehats.

Eitheryouorhehastogo.=Eitherheoryouhavetogo.

Neither（of）+名词复数，动词单neitheror...就近一致

㈡从属连词

⑴连接主语从句、表语从句与宾语从句that;if;whether

Whether（是否）和If（是否）引导宾语从句

只用whether①与动词不定式连用；②与or（not）连用

Askherifshewillcomewithme.

⑵引导状语从句

①接时间状语：since,until,after,before,when,while,assoonas,whenever

riltellyouassoonasIknow.

②接地点状语：where,whereverSitwhereveryoulike.

③接让步状语：although,though,evenif,however

Althoughshewastired,shekeptonworking.

④接原因状语：as,because?since,nowthat

⑤接目的状语：that,sothat,inorderthat

⑥接条件状语：i£unless,once,incause

⑦接结果状语：so...that,such...that

⑧接比较状语：as...as...,notso...as...,less（more）...than,the...the...

ThisismorethanIcanaccept.

⑨接方式状语：as,asi£asthough

辨析：

LWhen表两个动作一先一后地进行，可指时间的某一个点，可表一段时间。

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有时可表两个连续的动作，相当于assoonas（一...就...）;还可表可是、然而。

While同时，表两个动作同时进行，不能表时间的某一点

Assoonas表两个连续进行的动作

Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.

HefellasleepwhilehewasdoinghisEnglishexercises.

Assoonasthebellrang,thestudentswentintotheirclassroom.

2.Because表原因和理由，强调直接原因和因果

For表间接原因和理由，或对主句中事实的解释

Since表原因时比because弱，比as强，表一种已知的、显然的理由。作"既然"，常放在句首

As表原因时意义最弱

Sinceyouareallhere,lefsbeginanewlesson.

Hewaslatebecausehemissedthebus.

We'dbetterburryasitisgettinglate.

Iaskedhertostaytea,forIhavesomethingtotellher.

例子：

1.Iamreallysorry.Ican'tgoswimmingwithyouthisSunday.

IfsOK.Wecangotogethernexttime.

a.sob.andc.ord.but

2.Remembertoreturnthebooktoschoollibraryontime,youwillbefined.

A.orb.andc.butd.then

3.Lindatriedtobecomeanexcellentteacheratlastshesucceeded.

a.sob.orc.butd.and

4.IhearyourgrandpayourgrandmalikewatchingMinOpera.

A.both;andb.either;orc.neither;nord.notonly;butalso

5.Theworkershavedecidedtofinis